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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-index.html');" title="What’s New in Python"> What’s New in Python </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.8"> What’s New In Python 3.8 </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#summary-release-highlights');" title="Summary – Release highlights"> Summary – Release highlights </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#assignment-expressions');" title="Assignment expressions"> Assignment expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#positional-only-parameters');" title="Positional-only parameters"> Positional-only parameters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#parallel-filesystem-cache-for-compiled-bytecode-files');" title="Parallel filesystem cache for compiled bytecode files"> Parallel filesystem cache for compiled bytecode files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#debug-build-uses-the-same-abi-as-release-build');" title="Debug build uses the same ABI as release build"> Debug build uses the same ABI as release build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#f-strings-support-for-self-documenting-expressions-and-debugging');" title="f-strings support = for self-documenting expressions and debugging"> f-strings support = for self-documenting expressions and debugging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#pep-578-python-runtime-audit-hooks');" title="PEP 578: Python Runtime Audit Hooks"> PEP 578: Python Runtime Audit Hooks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#pep-587-python-initialization-configuration');" title="PEP 587: Python Initialization Configuration"> PEP 587: Python Initialization Configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#vectorcall-a-fast-calling-protocol-for-cpython');" title="Vectorcall: a fast calling protocol for CPython"> Vectorcall: a fast calling protocol for CPython </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#pickle-protocol-5-with-out-of-band-data-buffers');" title="Pickle protocol 5 with out-of-band data buffers"> Pickle protocol 5 with out-of-band data buffers </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#new-modules');" title="New Modules"> New Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#improved-modules');" title="Improved Modules"> Improved Modules </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#ast');" title="ast"> ast </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#asyncio');" title="asyncio"> asyncio </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#builtins');" title="builtins"> builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#collections');" title="collections"> collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#cprofile');" title="cProfile"> cProfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#csv');" title="csv"> csv </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#curses');" title="curses"> curses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#ctypes');" title="ctypes"> ctypes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#datetime');" title="datetime"> datetime </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#functools');" title="functools"> functools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#gc');" title="gc"> gc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#gettext');" title="gettext"> gettext </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#gzip');" title="gzip"> gzip </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#idle-and-idlelib');" title="IDLE and idlelib"> IDLE and idlelib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#inspect');" title="inspect"> inspect </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#io');" title="io"> io </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#itertools');" title="itertools"> itertools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#json-tool');" title="json.tool"> json.tool </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#logging');" title="logging"> logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#math');" title="math"> math </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#mmap');" title="mmap"> mmap </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#multiprocessing');" title="multiprocessing"> multiprocessing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#os');" title="os"> os </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#os-path');" title="os.path"> os.path </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#pathlib');" title="pathlib"> pathlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#pickle');" title="pickle"> pickle </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#plistlib');" title="plistlib"> plistlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#pprint');" title="pprint"> pprint </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#py-compile');" title="py_compile"> py_compile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#shlex');" title="shlex"> shlex </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#shutil');" title="shutil"> shutil </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#socket');" title="socket"> socket </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#ssl');" title="ssl"> ssl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#statistics');" title="statistics"> statistics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#sys');" title="sys"> sys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#tarfile');" title="tarfile"> tarfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#threading');" title="threading"> threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#tokenize');" title="tokenize"> tokenize </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#tkinter');" title="tkinter"> tkinter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#time');" title="time"> time </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#typing');" title="typing"> typing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#unicodedata');" title="unicodedata"> unicodedata </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#unittest');" title="unittest"> unittest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#venv');" title="venv"> venv </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#weakref');" title="weakref"> weakref </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#xml');" title="xml"> xml </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#xmlrpc');" title="xmlrpc"> xmlrpc </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#deprecated');" title="Deprecated"> Deprecated </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#api-and-feature-removals');" title="API and Feature Removals"> API and Feature Removals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#porting-to-python-3-8');" title="Porting to Python 3.8"> Porting to Python 3.8 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#changes-in-python-behavior');" title="Changes in Python behavior"> Changes in Python behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#changes-in-the-python-api');" title="Changes in the Python API"> Changes in the Python API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#changes-in-the-c-api');" title="Changes in the C API"> Changes in the C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#cpython-bytecode-changes');" title="CPython bytecode changes"> CPython bytecode changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#demos-and-tools');" title="Demos and Tools"> Demos and Tools </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-8-1');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.8.1"> Notable changes in Python 3.8.1 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-8-2');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.8.2"> Notable changes in Python 3.8.2 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-8-3');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.8.3"> Notable changes in Python 3.8.3 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.7"> What’s New In Python 3.7 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#summary-release-highlights');" title="Summary – Release Highlights"> Summary – Release Highlights </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#new-features');" title="New Features"> New Features </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-563-postponed-evaluation-of-annotations');" title="PEP 563: Postponed Evaluation of Annotations"> PEP 563: Postponed Evaluation of Annotations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-538-legacy-c-locale-coercion');" title="PEP 538: Legacy C Locale Coercion"> PEP 538: Legacy C Locale Coercion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-540-forced-utf-8-runtime-mode');" title="PEP 540: Forced UTF-8 Runtime Mode"> PEP 540: Forced UTF-8 Runtime Mode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-553-built-in-breakpoint');" title="PEP 553: Built-in breakpoint()"> PEP 553: Built-in breakpoint() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-539-new-c-api-for-thread-local-storage');" title="PEP 539: New C API for Thread-Local Storage"> PEP 539: New C API for Thread-Local Storage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-562-customization-of-access-to-module-attributes');" title="PEP 562: Customization of Access to Module Attributes"> PEP 562: Customization of Access to Module Attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-564-new-time-functions-with-nanosecond-resolution');" title="PEP 564: New Time Functions With Nanosecond Resolution"> PEP 564: New Time Functions With Nanosecond Resolution </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-565-show-deprecationwarning-in-main');" title="PEP 565: Show DeprecationWarning in __main__"> PEP 565: Show DeprecationWarning in __main__ </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-560-core-support-for-typing-module-and-generic-types');" title="PEP 560: Core Support for typing module and Generic Types"> PEP 560: Core Support for typing module and Generic Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-552-hash-based-pyc-files');" title="PEP 552: Hash-based .pyc Files"> PEP 552: Hash-based .pyc Files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pep-545-python-documentation-translations');" title="PEP 545: Python Documentation Translations"> PEP 545: Python Documentation Translations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#development-runtime-mode-x-dev');" title="Development Runtime Mode: -X dev"> Development Runtime Mode: -X dev </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#new-modules');" title="New Modules"> New Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#contextvars');" title="contextvars"> contextvars </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#dataclasses');" title="dataclasses"> dataclasses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#importlib-resources');" title="importlib.resources"> importlib.resources </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#improved-modules');" title="Improved Modules"> Improved Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#argparse');" title="argparse"> argparse </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#asyncio');" title="asyncio"> asyncio </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#binascii');" title="binascii"> binascii </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#calendar');" title="calendar"> calendar </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#collections');" title="collections"> collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#compileall');" title="compileall"> compileall </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#concurrent-futures');" title="concurrent.futures"> concurrent.futures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#contextlib');" title="contextlib"> contextlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#cprofile');" title="cProfile"> cProfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#crypt');" title="crypt"> crypt </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#datetime');" title="datetime"> datetime </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#dbm');" title="dbm"> dbm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#decimal');" title="decimal"> decimal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#dis');" title="dis"> dis </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#distutils');" title="distutils"> distutils </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#enum');" title="enum"> enum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#functools');" title="functools"> functools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#gc');" title="gc"> gc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#hmac');" title="hmac"> hmac </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#http-client');" title="http.client"> http.client </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#http-server');" title="http.server"> http.server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#idlelib-and-idle');" title="idlelib and IDLE"> idlelib and IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#importlib');" title="importlib"> importlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#io');" title="io"> io </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#ipaddress');" title="ipaddress"> ipaddress </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#itertools');" title="itertools"> itertools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#locale');" title="locale"> locale </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#logging');" title="logging"> logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#math');" title="math"> math </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#mimetypes');" title="mimetypes"> mimetypes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#msilib');" title="msilib"> msilib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#multiprocessing');" title="multiprocessing"> multiprocessing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#os');" title="os"> os </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pathlib');" title="pathlib"> pathlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pdb');" title="pdb"> pdb </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#py-compile');" title="py_compile"> py_compile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#pydoc');" title="pydoc"> pydoc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#queue');" title="queue"> queue </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#re');" title="re"> re </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#signal');" title="signal"> signal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#socket');" title="socket"> socket </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#socketserver');" title="socketserver"> socketserver </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#sqlite3');" title="sqlite3"> sqlite3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#ssl');" title="ssl"> ssl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#string');" title="string"> string </a> </li>
 <li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#subprocess');" title="subprocess"> subprocess </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#sys');" title="sys"> sys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#time');" title="time"> time </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#tkinter');" title="tkinter"> tkinter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#tracemalloc');" title="tracemalloc"> tracemalloc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#types');" title="types"> types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#unicodedata');" title="unicodedata"> unicodedata </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#unittest');" title="unittest"> unittest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#unittest-mock');" title="unittest.mock"> unittest.mock </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#urllib-parse');" title="urllib.parse"> urllib.parse </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#uu');" title="uu"> uu </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#uuid');" title="uuid"> uuid </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#warnings');" title="warnings"> warnings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#xml-etree');" title="xml.etree"> xml.etree </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#xmlrpc-server');" title="xmlrpc.server"> xmlrpc.server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#zipapp');" title="zipapp"> zipapp </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#zipfile');" title="zipfile"> zipfile </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#c-api-changes');" title="C API Changes"> C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#build-changes');" title="Build Changes"> Build Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#other-cpython-implementation-changes');" title="Other CPython Implementation Changes"> Other CPython Implementation Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#deprecated-python-behavior');" title="Deprecated Python Behavior"> Deprecated Python Behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#deprecated-python-modules-functions-and-methods');" title="Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods"> Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#aifc');" title="aifc"> aifc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#whatsnew37-asyncio-deprecated');" title="asyncio"> asyncio </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id3');" title="collections"> collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id4');" title="dbm"> dbm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id5');" title="enum"> enum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#gettext');" title="gettext"> gettext </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id6');" title="importlib"> importlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id7');" title="locale"> locale </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#macpath');" title="macpath"> macpath </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#threading');" title="threading"> threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id8');" title="socket"> socket </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id9');" title="ssl"> ssl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#sunau');" title="sunau"> sunau </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id10');" title="sys"> sys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#wave');" title="wave"> wave </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#deprecated-functions-and-types-of-the-c-api');" title="Deprecated functions and types of the C API"> Deprecated functions and types of the C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#platform-support-removals');" title="Platform Support Removals"> Platform Support Removals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#api-and-feature-removals');" title="API and Feature Removals"> API and Feature Removals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#module-removals');" title="Module Removals"> Module Removals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#windows-only-changes');" title="Windows-only Changes"> Windows-only Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#porting-to-python-3-7');" title="Porting to Python 3.7"> Porting to Python 3.7 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#changes-in-python-behavior');" title="Changes in Python Behavior"> Changes in Python Behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#changes-in-the-python-api');" title="Changes in the Python API"> Changes in the Python API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#changes-in-the-c-api');" title="Changes in the C API"> Changes in the C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#cpython-bytecode-changes');" title="CPython bytecode changes"> CPython bytecode changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id12');" title="Windows-only Changes"> Windows-only Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#id13');" title="Other CPython implementation changes"> Other CPython implementation changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-7-1');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.7.1"> Notable changes in Python 3.7.1 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-7-2');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.7.2"> Notable changes in Python 3.7.2 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.7.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-7-6');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.7.6"> Notable changes in Python 3.7.6 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.6"> What’s New In Python 3.6 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#summary-release-highlights');" title="Summary – Release highlights"> Summary – Release highlights </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#new-features');" title="New Features"> New Features </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-498-formatted-string-literals');" title="PEP 498: Formatted string literals"> PEP 498: Formatted string literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-526-syntax-for-variable-annotations');" title="PEP 526: Syntax for variable annotations"> PEP 526: Syntax for variable annotations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-515-underscores-in-numeric-literals');" title="PEP 515: Underscores in Numeric Literals"> PEP 515: Underscores in Numeric Literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-525-asynchronous-generators');" title="PEP 525: Asynchronous Generators"> PEP 525: Asynchronous Generators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-530-asynchronous-comprehensions');" title="PEP 530: Asynchronous Comprehensions"> PEP 530: Asynchronous Comprehensions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-487-simpler-customization-of-class-creation');" title="PEP 487: Simpler customization of class creation"> PEP 487: Simpler customization of class creation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-487-descriptor-protocol-enhancements');" title="PEP 487: Descriptor Protocol Enhancements"> PEP 487: Descriptor Protocol Enhancements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-519-adding-a-file-system-path-protocol');" title="PEP 519: Adding a file system path protocol"> PEP 519: Adding a file system path protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-495-local-time-disambiguation');" title="PEP 495: Local Time Disambiguation"> PEP 495: Local Time Disambiguation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-529-change-windows-filesystem-encoding-to-utf-8');" title="PEP 529: Change Windows filesystem encoding to UTF-8"> PEP 529: Change Windows filesystem encoding to UTF-8 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-528-change-windows-console-encoding-to-utf-8');" title="PEP 528: Change Windows console encoding to UTF-8"> PEP 528: Change Windows console encoding to UTF-8 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-520-preserving-class-attribute-definition-order');" title="PEP 520: Preserving Class Attribute Definition Order"> PEP 520: Preserving Class Attribute Definition Order </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-468-preserving-keyword-argument-order');" title="PEP 468: Preserving Keyword Argument Order"> PEP 468: Preserving Keyword Argument Order </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#new-dict-implementation');" title="New dict implementation"> New dict implementation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pep-523-adding-a-frame-evaluation-api-to-cpython');" title="PEP 523: Adding a frame evaluation API to CPython"> PEP 523: Adding a frame evaluation API to CPython </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pythonmalloc-environment-variable');" title="PYTHONMALLOC environment variable"> PYTHONMALLOC environment variable </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#dtrace-and-systemtap-probing-support');" title="DTrace and SystemTap probing support"> DTrace and SystemTap probing support </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#new-modules');" title="New Modules"> New Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#secrets');" title="secrets"> secrets </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#improved-modules');" title="Improved Modules"> Improved Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#array');" title="array"> array </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#ast');" title="ast"> ast </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#asyncio');" title="asyncio"> asyncio </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#binascii');" title="binascii"> binascii </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#cmath');" title="cmath"> cmath </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#collections');" title="collections"> collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#concurrent-futures');" title="concurrent.futures"> concurrent.futures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#contextlib');" title="contextlib"> contextlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#datetime');" title="datetime"> datetime </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#decimal');" title="decimal"> decimal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#distutils');" title="distutils"> distutils </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#email');" title="email"> email </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#encodings');" title="encodings"> encodings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#enum');" title="enum"> enum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#faulthandler');" title="faulthandler"> faulthandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#fileinput');" title="fileinput"> fileinput </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#hashlib');" title="hashlib"> hashlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#http-client');" title="http.client"> http.client </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#idlelib-and-idle');" title="idlelib and IDLE"> idlelib and IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#importlib');" title="importlib"> importlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#inspect');" title="inspect"> inspect </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#json');" title="json"> json </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#logging');" title="logging"> logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#math');" title="math"> math </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#multiprocessing');" title="multiprocessing"> multiprocessing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#os');" title="os"> os </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pathlib');" title="pathlib"> pathlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pdb');" title="pdb"> pdb </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pickle');" title="pickle"> pickle </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pickletools');" title="pickletools"> pickletools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#pydoc');" title="pydoc"> pydoc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#random');" title="random"> random </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#re');" title="re"> re </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#readline');" title="readline"> readline </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#rlcompleter');" title="rlcompleter"> rlcompleter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#shlex');" title="shlex"> shlex </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#site');" title="site"> site </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#sqlite3');" title="sqlite3"> sqlite3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#socket');" title="socket"> socket </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#socketserver');" title="socketserver"> socketserver </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#ssl');" title="ssl"> ssl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#statistics');" title="statistics"> statistics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#struct');" title="struct"> struct </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#subprocess');" title="subprocess"> subprocess </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#sys');" title="sys"> sys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#telnetlib');" title="telnetlib"> telnetlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#time');" title="time"> time </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#timeit');" title="timeit"> timeit </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#tkinter');" title="tkinter"> tkinter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#traceback');" title="traceback"> traceback </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#tracemalloc');" title="tracemalloc"> tracemalloc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#typing');" title="typing"> typing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#unicodedata');" title="unicodedata"> unicodedata </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#unittest-mock');" title="unittest.mock"> unittest.mock </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#urllib-request');" title="urllib.request"> urllib.request </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#urllib-robotparser');" title="urllib.robotparser"> urllib.robotparser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#venv');" title="venv"> venv </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#warnings');" title="warnings"> warnings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#winreg');" title="winreg"> winreg </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#winsound');" title="winsound"> winsound </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#xmlrpc-client');" title="xmlrpc.client"> xmlrpc.client </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#zipfile');" title="zipfile"> zipfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#zlib');" title="zlib"> zlib </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#other-improvements');" title="Other Improvements"> Other Improvements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#deprecated');" title="Deprecated"> Deprecated </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#new-keywords');" title="New Keywords"> New Keywords </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#deprecated-python-behavior');" title="Deprecated Python behavior"> Deprecated Python behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#deprecated-python-modules-functions-and-methods');" title="Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods"> Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#asynchat');" title="asynchat"> asynchat </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#asyncore');" title="asyncore"> asyncore </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#dbm');" title="dbm"> dbm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#id2');" title="distutils"> distutils </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#grp');" title="grp"> grp </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#id3');" title="importlib"> importlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#id4');" title="os"> os </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#id5');" title="re"> re </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#id6');" title="ssl"> ssl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#id7');" title="tkinter"> tkinter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#id8');" title="venv"> venv </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#deprecated-functions-and-types-of-the-c-api');" title="Deprecated functions and types of the C API"> Deprecated functions and types of the C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#deprecated-build-options');" title="Deprecated Build Options"> Deprecated Build Options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#removed');" title="Removed"> Removed </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#api-and-feature-removals');" title="API and Feature Removals"> API and Feature Removals </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#porting-to-python-3-6');" title="Porting to Python 3.6"> Porting to Python 3.6 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#changes-in-python-command-behavior');" title="Changes in ‘python’ Command Behavior"> Changes in ‘python’ Command Behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#changes-in-the-python-api');" title="Changes in the Python API"> Changes in the Python API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#changes-in-the-c-api');" title="Changes in the C API"> Changes in the C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#cpython-bytecode-changes');" title="CPython bytecode changes"> CPython bytecode changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-6-2');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.6.2"> Notable changes in Python 3.6.2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#new-make-regen-all-build-target');" title="New make regen-all build target"> New make regen-all build target </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#removal-of-make-touch-build-target');" title="Removal of make touch build target"> Removal of make touch build target </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-6-4');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.6.4"> Notable changes in Python 3.6.4 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-6-5');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.6.5"> Notable changes in Python 3.6.5 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-6-7');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.6.7"> Notable changes in Python 3.6.7 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.6.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-6-10');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.6.10"> Notable changes in Python 3.6.10 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.5"> What’s New In Python 3.5 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#summary-release-highlights');" title="Summary – Release highlights"> Summary – Release highlights </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#new-features');" title="New Features"> New Features </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-492-coroutines-with-async-and-await-syntax');" title="PEP 492 - Coroutines with async and await syntax"> PEP 492 - Coroutines with async and await syntax </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-465-a-dedicated-infix-operator-for-matrix-multiplication');" title="PEP 465 - A dedicated infix operator for matrix multiplication"> PEP 465 - A dedicated infix operator for matrix multiplication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-448-additional-unpacking-generalizations');" title="PEP 448 - Additional Unpacking Generalizations"> PEP 448 - Additional Unpacking Generalizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-461-percent-formatting-support-for-bytes-and-bytearray');" title="PEP 461 - percent formatting support for bytes and bytearray"> PEP 461 - percent formatting support for bytes and bytearray </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-484-type-hints');" title="PEP 484 - Type Hints"> PEP 484 - Type Hints </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-471-os-scandir-function-a-better-and-faster-directory-iterator');" title="PEP 471 - os.scandir() function – a better and faster directory iterator"> PEP 471 - os.scandir() function – a better and faster directory iterator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-475-retry-system-calls-failing-with-eintr');" title="PEP 475: Retry system calls failing with EINTR"> PEP 475: Retry system calls failing with EINTR </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-479-change-stopiteration-handling-inside-generators');" title="PEP 479: Change StopIteration handling inside generators"> PEP 479: Change StopIteration handling inside generators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-485-a-function-for-testing-approximate-equality');" title="PEP 485: A function for testing approximate equality"> PEP 485: A function for testing approximate equality </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-486-make-the-python-launcher-aware-of-virtual-environments');" title="PEP 486: Make the Python Launcher aware of virtual environments"> PEP 486: Make the Python Launcher aware of virtual environments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-488-elimination-of-pyo-files');" title="PEP 488: Elimination of PYO files"> PEP 488: Elimination of PYO files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pep-489-multi-phase-extension-module-initialization');" title="PEP 489: Multi-phase extension module initialization"> PEP 489: Multi-phase extension module initialization </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#new-modules');" title="New Modules"> New Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#typing');" title="typing"> typing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#zipapp');" title="zipapp"> zipapp </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#improved-modules');" title="Improved Modules"> Improved Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#argparse');" title="argparse"> argparse </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#asyncio');" title="asyncio"> asyncio </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#bz2');" title="bz2"> bz2 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#cgi');" title="cgi"> cgi </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#cmath');" title="cmath"> cmath </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#code');" title="code"> code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#collections');" title="collections"> collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#collections-abc');" title="collections.abc"> collections.abc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#compileall');" title="compileall"> compileall </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#concurrent-futures');" title="concurrent.futures"> concurrent.futures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#configparser');" title="configparser"> configparser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#contextlib');" title="contextlib"> contextlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#csv');" title="csv"> csv </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#curses');" title="curses"> curses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#dbm');" title="dbm"> dbm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#difflib');" title="difflib"> difflib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#distutils');" title="distutils"> distutils </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#doctest');" title="doctest"> doctest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#email');" title="email"> email </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#enum');" title="enum"> enum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#faulthandler');" title="faulthandler"> faulthandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#functools');" title="functools"> functools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#glob');" title="glob"> glob </a> </li>
 <li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#gzip');" title="gzip"> gzip </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#heapq');" title="heapq"> heapq </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#http');" title="http"> http </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#http-client');" title="http.client"> http.client </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#idlelib-and-idle');" title="idlelib and IDLE"> idlelib and IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#imaplib');" title="imaplib"> imaplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#imghdr');" title="imghdr"> imghdr </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#importlib');" title="importlib"> importlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#inspect');" title="inspect"> inspect </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#io');" title="io"> io </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#ipaddress');" title="ipaddress"> ipaddress </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#json');" title="json"> json </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#linecache');" title="linecache"> linecache </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#locale');" title="locale"> locale </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#logging');" title="logging"> logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#lzma');" title="lzma"> lzma </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#math');" title="math"> math </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#multiprocessing');" title="multiprocessing"> multiprocessing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#operator');" title="operator"> operator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#os');" title="os"> os </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pathlib');" title="pathlib"> pathlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#pickle');" title="pickle"> pickle </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#poplib');" title="poplib"> poplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#re');" title="re"> re </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#readline');" title="readline"> readline </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#selectors');" title="selectors"> selectors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#shutil');" title="shutil"> shutil </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#signal');" title="signal"> signal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#smtpd');" title="smtpd"> smtpd </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#smtplib');" title="smtplib"> smtplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#sndhdr');" title="sndhdr"> sndhdr </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#socket');" title="socket"> socket </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#ssl');" title="ssl"> ssl </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#memory-bio-support');" title="Memory BIO Support"> Memory BIO Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#application-layer-protocol-negotiation-support');" title="Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation Support"> Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#other-changes');" title="Other Changes"> Other Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#sqlite3');" title="sqlite3"> sqlite3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#subprocess');" title="subprocess"> subprocess </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#sys');" title="sys"> sys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#sysconfig');" title="sysconfig"> sysconfig </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#tarfile');" title="tarfile"> tarfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#threading');" title="threading"> threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#time');" title="time"> time </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#timeit');" title="timeit"> timeit </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#tkinter');" title="tkinter"> tkinter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#traceback');" title="traceback"> traceback </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#types');" title="types"> types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#unicodedata');" title="unicodedata"> unicodedata </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#unittest');" title="unittest"> unittest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#unittest-mock');" title="unittest.mock"> unittest.mock </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#urllib');" title="urllib"> urllib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#wsgiref');" title="wsgiref"> wsgiref </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#xmlrpc');" title="xmlrpc"> xmlrpc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#xml-sax');" title="xml.sax"> xml.sax </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#zipfile');" title="zipfile"> zipfile </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#other-module-level-changes');" title="Other module-level changes"> Other module-level changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#deprecated');" title="Deprecated"> Deprecated </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#new-keywords');" title="New Keywords"> New Keywords </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#deprecated-python-behavior');" title="Deprecated Python Behavior"> Deprecated Python Behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#unsupported-operating-systems');" title="Unsupported Operating Systems"> Unsupported Operating Systems </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#deprecated-python-modules-functions-and-methods');" title="Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods"> Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#removed');" title="Removed"> Removed </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#api-and-feature-removals');" title="API and Feature Removals"> API and Feature Removals </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#porting-to-python-3-5');" title="Porting to Python 3.5"> Porting to Python 3.5 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#changes-in-python-behavior');" title="Changes in Python behavior"> Changes in Python behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#changes-in-the-python-api');" title="Changes in the Python API"> Changes in the Python API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#changes-in-the-c-api');" title="Changes in the C API"> Changes in the C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-5-4');" title="Notable changes in Python 3.5.4"> Notable changes in Python 3.5.4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#new-make-regen-all-build-target');" title="New make regen-all build target"> New make regen-all build target </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.5.html#removal-of-make-touch-build-target');" title="Removal of make touch build target"> Removal of make touch build target </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.4"> What’s New In Python 3.4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#summary-release-highlights');" title="Summary – Release Highlights"> Summary – Release Highlights </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#new-features');" title="New Features"> New Features </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pep-453-explicit-bootstrapping-of-pip-in-python-installations');" title="PEP 453: Explicit Bootstrapping of PIP in Python Installations"> PEP 453: Explicit Bootstrapping of PIP in Python Installations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#bootstrapping-pip-by-default');" title="Bootstrapping pip By Default"> Bootstrapping pip By Default </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#documentation-changes');" title="Documentation Changes"> Documentation Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pep-446-newly-created-file-descriptors-are-non-inheritable');" title="PEP 446: Newly Created File Descriptors Are Non-Inheritable"> PEP 446: Newly Created File Descriptors Are Non-Inheritable </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#improvements-to-codec-handling');" title="Improvements to Codec Handling"> Improvements to Codec Handling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pep-451-a-modulespec-type-for-the-import-system');" title="PEP 451: A ModuleSpec Type for the Import System"> PEP 451: A ModuleSpec Type for the Import System </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#new-modules');" title="New Modules"> New Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#asyncio');" title="asyncio"> asyncio </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#ensurepip');" title="ensurepip"> ensurepip </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#enum');" title="enum"> enum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pathlib');" title="pathlib"> pathlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#selectors');" title="selectors"> selectors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#statistics');" title="statistics"> statistics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#tracemalloc');" title="tracemalloc"> tracemalloc </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#improved-modules');" title="Improved Modules"> Improved Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#abc');" title="abc"> abc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#aifc');" title="aifc"> aifc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#argparse');" title="argparse"> argparse </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#audioop');" title="audioop"> audioop </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#base64');" title="base64"> base64 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#collections');" title="collections"> collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#colorsys');" title="colorsys"> colorsys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#contextlib');" title="contextlib"> contextlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#dbm');" title="dbm"> dbm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#dis');" title="dis"> dis </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#doctest');" title="doctest"> doctest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#email');" title="email"> email </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#filecmp');" title="filecmp"> filecmp </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#functools');" title="functools"> functools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#gc');" title="gc"> gc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#glob');" title="glob"> glob </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#hashlib');" title="hashlib"> hashlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#hmac');" title="hmac"> hmac </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#html');" title="html"> html </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#http');" title="http"> http </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#idlelib-and-idle');" title="idlelib and IDLE"> idlelib and IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#importlib');" title="importlib"> importlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#inspect');" title="inspect"> inspect </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#ipaddress');" title="ipaddress"> ipaddress </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#logging');" title="logging"> logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#marshal');" title="marshal"> marshal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#mmap');" title="mmap"> mmap </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#multiprocessing');" title="multiprocessing"> multiprocessing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#operator');" title="operator"> operator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#os');" title="os"> os </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pdb');" title="pdb"> pdb </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pickle');" title="pickle"> pickle </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#plistlib');" title="plistlib"> plistlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#poplib');" title="poplib"> poplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pprint');" title="pprint"> pprint </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pty');" title="pty"> pty </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pydoc');" title="pydoc"> pydoc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#re');" title="re"> re </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#resource');" title="resource"> resource </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#select');" title="select"> select </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#shelve');" title="shelve"> shelve </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#shutil');" title="shutil"> shutil </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#smtpd');" title="smtpd"> smtpd </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#smtplib');" title="smtplib"> smtplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#socket');" title="socket"> socket </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#sqlite3');" title="sqlite3"> sqlite3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#ssl');" title="ssl"> ssl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#stat');" title="stat"> stat </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#struct');" title="struct"> struct </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#subprocess');" title="subprocess"> subprocess </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#sunau');" title="sunau"> sunau </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#sys');" title="sys"> sys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#tarfile');" title="tarfile"> tarfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#textwrap');" title="textwrap"> textwrap </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#threading');" title="threading"> threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#traceback');" title="traceback"> traceback </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#types');" title="types"> types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#urllib');" title="urllib"> urllib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#unittest');" title="unittest"> unittest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#venv');" title="venv"> venv </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#wave');" title="wave"> wave </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#weakref');" title="weakref"> weakref </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#xml-etree');" title="xml.etree"> xml.etree </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#zipfile');" title="zipfile"> zipfile </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#cpython-implementation-changes');" title="CPython Implementation Changes"> CPython Implementation Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pep-445-customization-of-cpython-memory-allocators');" title="PEP 445: Customization of CPython Memory Allocators"> PEP 445: Customization of CPython Memory Allocators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pep-442-safe-object-finalization');" title="PEP 442: Safe Object Finalization"> PEP 442: Safe Object Finalization </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pep-456-secure-and-interchangeable-hash-algorithm');" title="PEP 456: Secure and Interchangeable Hash Algorithm"> PEP 456: Secure and Interchangeable Hash Algorithm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pep-436-argument-clinic');" title="PEP 436: Argument Clinic"> PEP 436: Argument Clinic </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#other-build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Other Build and C API Changes"> Other Build and C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#other-improvements');" title="Other Improvements"> Other Improvements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#significant-optimizations');" title="Significant Optimizations"> Significant Optimizations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#deprecated');" title="Deprecated"> Deprecated </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#deprecations-in-the-python-api');" title="Deprecations in the Python API"> Deprecations in the Python API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#deprecated-features');" title="Deprecated Features"> Deprecated Features </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#removed');" title="Removed"> Removed </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#operating-systems-no-longer-supported');" title="Operating Systems No Longer Supported"> Operating Systems No Longer Supported </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#api-and-feature-removals');" title="API and Feature Removals"> API and Feature Removals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#code-cleanups');" title="Code Cleanups"> Code Cleanups </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#porting-to-python-3-4');" title="Porting to Python 3.4"> Porting to Python 3.4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#changes-in-python-command-behavior');" title="Changes in ‘python’ Command Behavior"> Changes in ‘python’ Command Behavior </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#changes-in-the-python-api');" title="Changes in the Python API"> Changes in the Python API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#changes-in-the-c-api');" title="Changes in the C API"> Changes in the C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#changed-in-3-4-3');" title="Changed in 3.4.3"> Changed in 3.4.3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.4.html#pep-476-enabling-certificate-verification-by-default-for-stdlib-http-clients');" title="PEP 476: Enabling certificate verification by default for stdlib http clients"> PEP 476: Enabling certificate verification by default for stdlib http clients </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.3"> What’s New In Python 3.3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#summary-release-highlights');" title="Summary – Release highlights"> Summary – Release highlights </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-405-virtual-environments');" title="PEP 405: Virtual Environments"> PEP 405: Virtual Environments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-420-implicit-namespace-packages');" title="PEP 420: Implicit Namespace Packages"> PEP 420: Implicit Namespace Packages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-3118-new-memoryview-implementation-and-buffer-protocol-documentation');" title="PEP 3118: New memoryview implementation and buffer protocol documentation"> PEP 3118: New memoryview implementation and buffer protocol documentation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#features');" title="Features"> Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#api-changes');" title="API changes"> API changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-393-flexible-string-representation');" title="PEP 393: Flexible String Representation"> PEP 393: Flexible String Representation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#functionality');" title="Functionality"> Functionality </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#performance-and-resource-usage');" title="Performance and resource usage"> Performance and resource usage </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-397-python-launcher-for-windows');" title="PEP 397: Python Launcher for Windows"> PEP 397: Python Launcher for Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-3151-reworking-the-os-and-io-exception-hierarchy');" title="PEP 3151: Reworking the OS and IO exception hierarchy"> PEP 3151: Reworking the OS and IO exception hierarchy </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-380-syntax-for-delegating-to-a-subgenerator');" title="PEP 380: Syntax for Delegating to a Subgenerator"> PEP 380: Syntax for Delegating to a Subgenerator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-409-suppressing-exception-context');" title="PEP 409: Suppressing exception context"> PEP 409: Suppressing exception context </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-414-explicit-unicode-literals');" title="PEP 414: Explicit Unicode literals"> PEP 414: Explicit Unicode literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-3155-qualified-name-for-classes-and-functions');" title="PEP 3155: Qualified name for classes and functions"> PEP 3155: Qualified name for classes and functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-412-key-sharing-dictionary');" title="PEP 412: Key-Sharing Dictionary"> PEP 412: Key-Sharing Dictionary </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-362-function-signature-object');" title="PEP 362: Function Signature Object"> PEP 362: Function Signature Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pep-421-adding-sys-implementation');" title="PEP 421: Adding sys.implementation"> PEP 421: Adding sys.implementation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#simplenamespace');" title="SimpleNamespace"> SimpleNamespace </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#using-importlib-as-the-implementation-of-import');" title="Using importlib as the Implementation of Import"> Using importlib as the Implementation of Import </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#new-apis');" title="New APIs"> New APIs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#visible-changes');" title="Visible Changes"> Visible Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#a-finer-grained-import-lock');" title="A Finer-Grained Import Lock"> A Finer-Grained Import Lock </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#builtin-functions-and-types');" title="Builtin functions and types"> Builtin functions and types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#new-modules');" title="New Modules"> New Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#faulthandler');" title="faulthandler"> faulthandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#ipaddress');" title="ipaddress"> ipaddress </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#lzma');" title="lzma"> lzma </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#improved-modules');" title="Improved Modules"> Improved Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#abc');" title="abc"> abc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#array');" title="array"> array </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#base64');" title="base64"> base64 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#binascii');" title="binascii"> binascii </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#bz2');" title="bz2"> bz2 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#codecs');" title="codecs"> codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#collections');" title="collections"> collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#contextlib');" title="contextlib"> contextlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#crypt');" title="crypt"> crypt </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#curses');" title="curses"> curses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#datetime');" title="datetime"> datetime </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#decimal');" title="decimal"> decimal </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#id1');" title="Features"> Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#id2');" title="API changes"> API changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#email');" title="email"> email </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#policy-framework');" title="Policy Framework"> Policy Framework </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#provisional-policy-with-new-header-api');" title="Provisional Policy with New Header API"> Provisional Policy with New Header API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#other-api-changes');" title="Other API Changes"> Other API Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#ftplib');" title="ftplib"> ftplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#functools');" title="functools"> functools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#gc');" title="gc"> gc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#hmac');" title="hmac"> hmac </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#http');" title="http"> http </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#html');" title="html"> html </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#imaplib');" title="imaplib"> imaplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#inspect');" title="inspect"> inspect </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#io');" title="io"> io </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#itertools');" title="itertools"> itertools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#logging');" title="logging"> logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#math');" title="math"> math </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#mmap');" title="mmap"> mmap </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#multiprocessing');" title="multiprocessing"> multiprocessing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#nntplib');" title="nntplib"> nntplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#os');" title="os"> os </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pdb');" title="pdb"> pdb </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pickle');" title="pickle"> pickle </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#pydoc');" title="pydoc"> pydoc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#re');" title="re"> re </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#sched');" title="sched"> sched </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#select');" title="select"> select </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#shlex');" title="shlex"> shlex </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#shutil');" title="shutil"> shutil </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#signal');" title="signal"> signal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#smtpd');" title="smtpd"> smtpd </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#smtplib');" title="smtplib"> smtplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#socket');" title="socket"> socket </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#socketserver');" title="socketserver"> socketserver </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#sqlite3');" title="sqlite3"> sqlite3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#ssl');" title="ssl"> ssl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#stat');" title="stat"> stat </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#struct');" title="struct"> struct </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#subprocess');" title="subprocess"> subprocess </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#sys');" title="sys"> sys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#tarfile');" title="tarfile"> tarfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#tempfile');" title="tempfile"> tempfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#textwrap');" title="textwrap"> textwrap </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#threading');" title="threading"> threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#time');" title="time"> time </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#types');" title="types"> types </a> </li>
 <li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#unittest');" title="unittest"> unittest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#urllib');" title="urllib"> urllib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#webbrowser');" title="webbrowser"> webbrowser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#xml-etree-elementtree');" title="xml.etree.ElementTree"> xml.etree.ElementTree </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#zlib');" title="zlib"> zlib </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#deprecated');" title="Deprecated"> Deprecated </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#unsupported-operating-systems');" title="Unsupported Operating Systems"> Unsupported Operating Systems </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#deprecated-python-modules-functions-and-methods');" title="Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods"> Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#deprecated-functions-and-types-of-the-c-api');" title="Deprecated functions and types of the C API"> Deprecated functions and types of the C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#deprecated-features');" title="Deprecated features"> Deprecated features </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#porting-to-python-3-3');" title="Porting to Python 3.3"> Porting to Python 3.3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#porting-python-code');" title="Porting Python code"> Porting Python code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#porting-c-code');" title="Porting C code"> Porting C code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#building-c-extensions');" title="Building C extensions"> Building C extensions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.3.html#command-line-switch-changes');" title="Command Line Switch Changes"> Command Line Switch Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.2"> What’s New In Python 3.2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pep-384-defining-a-stable-abi');" title="PEP 384: Defining a Stable ABI"> PEP 384: Defining a Stable ABI </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pep-389-argparse-command-line-parsing-module');" title="PEP 389: Argparse Command Line Parsing Module"> PEP 389: Argparse Command Line Parsing Module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pep-391-dictionary-based-configuration-for-logging');" title="PEP 391: Dictionary Based Configuration for Logging"> PEP 391: Dictionary Based Configuration for Logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pep-3148-the-concurrent-futures-module');" title="PEP 3148: The concurrent.futures module"> PEP 3148: The concurrent.futures module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pep-3147-pyc-repository-directories');" title="PEP 3147: PYC Repository Directories"> PEP 3147: PYC Repository Directories </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pep-3149-abi-version-tagged-so-files');" title="PEP 3149: ABI Version Tagged .so Files"> PEP 3149: ABI Version Tagged .so Files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pep-3333-python-web-server-gateway-interface-v1-0-1');" title="PEP 3333: Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1"> PEP 3333: Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#new-improved-and-deprecated-modules');" title="New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules"> New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#email');" title="email"> email </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#elementtree');" title="elementtree"> elementtree </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#functools');" title="functools"> functools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#itertools');" title="itertools"> itertools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#collections');" title="collections"> collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#threading');" title="threading"> threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#datetime-and-time');" title="datetime and time"> datetime and time </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#math');" title="math"> math </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#abc');" title="abc"> abc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#io');" title="io"> io </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#reprlib');" title="reprlib"> reprlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#logging');" title="logging"> logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#csv');" title="csv"> csv </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#contextlib');" title="contextlib"> contextlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#decimal-and-fractions');" title="decimal and fractions"> decimal and fractions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#ftp');" title="ftp"> ftp </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#popen');" title="popen"> popen </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#select');" title="select"> select </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#gzip-and-zipfile');" title="gzip and zipfile"> gzip and zipfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#tarfile');" title="tarfile"> tarfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#hashlib');" title="hashlib"> hashlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#ast');" title="ast"> ast </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#os');" title="os"> os </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#shutil');" title="shutil"> shutil </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#sqlite3');" title="sqlite3"> sqlite3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#html');" title="html"> html </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#socket');" title="socket"> socket </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#ssl');" title="ssl"> ssl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#nntp');" title="nntp"> nntp </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#certificates');" title="certificates"> certificates </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#imaplib');" title="imaplib"> imaplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#http-client');" title="http.client"> http.client </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#unittest');" title="unittest"> unittest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#random');" title="random"> random </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#poplib');" title="poplib"> poplib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#asyncore');" title="asyncore"> asyncore </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#tempfile');" title="tempfile"> tempfile </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#inspect');" title="inspect"> inspect </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pydoc');" title="pydoc"> pydoc </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#dis');" title="dis"> dis </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#dbm');" title="dbm"> dbm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#ctypes');" title="ctypes"> ctypes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#site');" title="site"> site </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#sysconfig');" title="sysconfig"> sysconfig </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#pdb');" title="pdb"> pdb </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#configparser');" title="configparser"> configparser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#urllib-parse');" title="urllib.parse"> urllib.parse </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#mailbox');" title="mailbox"> mailbox </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#turtledemo');" title="turtledemo"> turtledemo </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#multi-threading');" title="Multi-threading"> Multi-threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#unicode');" title="Unicode"> Unicode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#codecs');" title="Codecs"> Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#documentation');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#idle');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#code-repository');" title="Code Repository"> Code Repository </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.2.html#porting-to-python-3-2');" title="Porting to Python 3.2"> Porting to Python 3.2 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.1"> What’s New In Python 3.1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html#pep-372-ordered-dictionaries');" title="PEP 372: Ordered Dictionaries"> PEP 372: Ordered Dictionaries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html#pep-378-format-specifier-for-thousands-separator');" title="PEP 378: Format Specifier for Thousands Separator"> PEP 378: Format Specifier for Thousands Separator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html#new-improved-and-deprecated-modules');" title="New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules"> New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html#idle');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.1.html#porting-to-python-3-1');" title="Porting to Python 3.1"> Porting to Python 3.1 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html');" title="What’s New In Python 3.0"> What’s New In Python 3.0 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#common-stumbling-blocks');" title="Common Stumbling Blocks"> Common Stumbling Blocks </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#print-is-a-function');" title="Print Is A Function"> Print Is A Function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#views-and-iterators-instead-of-lists');" title="Views And Iterators Instead Of Lists"> Views And Iterators Instead Of Lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#ordering-comparisons');" title="Ordering Comparisons"> Ordering Comparisons </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#integers');" title="Integers"> Integers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#text-vs-data-instead-of-unicode-vs-8-bit');" title="Text Vs. Data Instead Of Unicode Vs. 8-bit"> Text Vs. Data Instead Of Unicode Vs. 8-bit </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#overview-of-syntax-changes');" title="Overview Of Syntax Changes"> Overview Of Syntax Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#new-syntax');" title="New Syntax"> New Syntax </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#changed-syntax');" title="Changed Syntax"> Changed Syntax </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#removed-syntax');" title="Removed Syntax"> Removed Syntax </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#changes-already-present-in-python-2-6');" title="Changes Already Present In Python 2.6"> Changes Already Present In Python 2.6 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#library-changes');" title="Library Changes"> Library Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#pep-3101-a-new-approach-to-string-formatting');" title="PEP 3101: A New Approach To String Formatting"> PEP 3101: A New Approach To String Formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#changes-to-exceptions');" title="Changes To Exceptions"> Changes To Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#miscellaneous-other-changes');" title="Miscellaneous Other Changes"> Miscellaneous Other Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#operators-and-special-methods');" title="Operators And Special Methods"> Operators And Special Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#builtins');" title="Builtins"> Builtins </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#performance');" title="Performance"> Performance </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.0.html#porting-to-python-3-0');" title="Porting To Python 3.0"> Porting To Python 3.0 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html');" title="What’s New in Python 2.7"> What’s New in Python 2.7 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#the-future-for-python-2-x');" title="The Future for Python 2.x"> The Future for Python 2.x </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#changes-to-the-handling-of-deprecation-warnings');" title="Changes to the Handling of Deprecation Warnings"> Changes to the Handling of Deprecation Warnings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#python-3-1-features');" title="Python 3.1 Features"> Python 3.1 Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-372-adding-an-ordered-dictionary-to-collections');" title="PEP 372: Adding an Ordered Dictionary to collections"> PEP 372: Adding an Ordered Dictionary to collections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-378-format-specifier-for-thousands-separator');" title="PEP 378: Format Specifier for Thousands Separator"> PEP 378: Format Specifier for Thousands Separator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-389-the-argparse-module-for-parsing-command-lines');" title="PEP 389: The argparse Module for Parsing Command Lines"> PEP 389: The argparse Module for Parsing Command Lines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-391-dictionary-based-configuration-for-logging');" title="PEP 391: Dictionary-Based Configuration For Logging"> PEP 391: Dictionary-Based Configuration For Logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-3106-dictionary-views');" title="PEP 3106: Dictionary Views"> PEP 3106: Dictionary Views </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-3137-the-memoryview-object');" title="PEP 3137: The memoryview Object"> PEP 3137: The memoryview Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#interpreter-changes');" title="Interpreter Changes"> Interpreter Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#new-and-improved-modules');" title="New and Improved Modules"> New and Improved Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#new-module-importlib');" title="New module: importlib"> New module: importlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#new-module-sysconfig');" title="New module: sysconfig"> New module: sysconfig </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#ttk-themed-widgets-for-tk');" title="ttk: Themed Widgets for Tk"> ttk: Themed Widgets for Tk </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#updated-module-unittest');" title="Updated module: unittest"> Updated module: unittest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#updated-module-elementtree-1-3');" title="Updated module: ElementTree 1.3"> Updated module: ElementTree 1.3 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#capsules');" title="Capsules"> Capsules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#port-specific-changes-windows');" title="Port-Specific Changes: Windows"> Port-Specific Changes: Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#port-specific-changes-mac-os-x');" title="Port-Specific Changes: Mac OS X"> Port-Specific Changes: Mac OS X </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#port-specific-changes-freebsd');" title="Port-Specific Changes: FreeBSD"> Port-Specific Changes: FreeBSD </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#other-changes-and-fixes');" title="Other Changes and Fixes"> Other Changes and Fixes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#porting-to-python-2-7');" title="Porting to Python 2.7"> Porting to Python 2.7 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#new-features-added-to-python-2-7-maintenance-releases');" title="New Features Added to Python 2.7 Maintenance Releases"> New Features Added to Python 2.7 Maintenance Releases </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#two-new-environment-variables-for-debug-mode');" title="Two new environment variables for debug mode"> Two new environment variables for debug mode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-434-idle-enhancement-exception-for-all-branches');" title="PEP 434: IDLE Enhancement Exception for All Branches"> PEP 434: IDLE Enhancement Exception for All Branches </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-466-network-security-enhancements-for-python-2-7');" title="PEP 466: Network Security Enhancements for Python 2.7"> PEP 466: Network Security Enhancements for Python 2.7 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-477-backport-ensurepip-pep-453-to-python-2-7');" title="PEP 477: Backport ensurepip (PEP 453) to Python 2.7"> PEP 477: Backport ensurepip (PEP 453) to Python 2.7 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#bootstrapping-pip-by-default');" title="Bootstrapping pip By Default"> Bootstrapping pip By Default </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#documentation-changes');" title="Documentation Changes"> Documentation Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-476-enabling-certificate-verification-by-default-for-stdlib-http-clients');" title="PEP 476: Enabling certificate verification by default for stdlib http clients"> PEP 476: Enabling certificate verification by default for stdlib http clients </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#pep-493-https-verification-migration-tools-for-python-2-7');" title="PEP 493: HTTPS verification migration tools for Python 2.7"> PEP 493: HTTPS verification migration tools for Python 2.7 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#new-make-regen-all-build-target');" title="New make regen-all build target"> New make regen-all build target </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#removal-of-make-touch-build-target');" title="Removal of make touch build target"> Removal of make touch build target </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.7.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html');" title="What’s New in Python 2.6"> What’s New in Python 2.6 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#python-3-0');" title="Python 3.0"> Python 3.0 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#changes-to-the-development-process');" title="Changes to the Development Process"> Changes to the Development Process </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#new-issue-tracker-roundup');" title="New Issue Tracker: Roundup"> New Issue Tracker: Roundup </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#new-documentation-format-restructuredtext-using-sphinx');" title="New Documentation Format: reStructuredText Using Sphinx"> New Documentation Format: reStructuredText Using Sphinx </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-343-the-with-statement');" title="PEP 343: The ‘with’ statement"> PEP 343: The ‘with’ statement </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#writing-context-managers');" title="Writing Context Managers"> Writing Context Managers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#the-contextlib-module');" title="The contextlib module"> The contextlib module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-366-explicit-relative-imports-from-a-main-module');" title="PEP 366: Explicit Relative Imports From a Main Module"> PEP 366: Explicit Relative Imports From a Main Module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-370-per-user-site-packages-directory');" title="PEP 370: Per-user site-packages Directory"> PEP 370: Per-user site-packages Directory </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-371-the-multiprocessing-package');" title="PEP 371: The multiprocessing Package"> PEP 371: The multiprocessing Package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3101-advanced-string-formatting');" title="PEP 3101: Advanced String Formatting"> PEP 3101: Advanced String Formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3105-print-as-a-function');" title="PEP 3105: print As a Function"> PEP 3105: print As a Function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3110-exception-handling-changes');" title="PEP 3110: Exception-Handling Changes"> PEP 3110: Exception-Handling Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3112-byte-literals');" title="PEP 3112: Byte Literals"> PEP 3112: Byte Literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3116-new-i-o-library');" title="PEP 3116: New I/O Library"> PEP 3116: New I/O Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3118-revised-buffer-protocol');" title="PEP 3118: Revised Buffer Protocol"> PEP 3118: Revised Buffer Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3119-abstract-base-classes');" title="PEP 3119: Abstract Base Classes"> PEP 3119: Abstract Base Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3127-integer-literal-support-and-syntax');" title="PEP 3127: Integer Literal Support and Syntax"> PEP 3127: Integer Literal Support and Syntax </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3129-class-decorators');" title="PEP 3129: Class Decorators"> PEP 3129: Class Decorators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#pep-3141-a-type-hierarchy-for-numbers');" title="PEP 3141: A Type Hierarchy for Numbers"> PEP 3141: A Type Hierarchy for Numbers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#the-fractions-module');" title="The fractions Module"> The fractions Module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#interpreter-changes');" title="Interpreter Changes"> Interpreter Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#new-and-improved-modules');" title="New and Improved Modules"> New and Improved Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#the-ast-module');" title="The ast module"> The ast module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#the-future-builtins-module');" title="The future_builtins module"> The future_builtins module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#the-json-module-javascript-object-notation');" title="The json module: JavaScript Object Notation"> The json module: JavaScript Object Notation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#the-plistlib-module-a-property-list-parser');" title="The plistlib module: A Property-List Parser"> The plistlib module: A Property-List Parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#ctypes-enhancements');" title="ctypes Enhancements"> ctypes Enhancements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#improved-ssl-support');" title="Improved SSL Support"> Improved SSL Support </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#deprecations-and-removals');" title="Deprecations and Removals"> Deprecations and Removals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#port-specific-changes-windows');" title="Port-Specific Changes: Windows"> Port-Specific Changes: Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#port-specific-changes-mac-os-x');" title="Port-Specific Changes: Mac OS X"> Port-Specific Changes: Mac OS X </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#port-specific-changes-irix');" title="Port-Specific Changes: IRIX"> Port-Specific Changes: IRIX </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#porting-to-python-2-6');" title="Porting to Python 2.6"> Porting to Python 2.6 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.6.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html');" title="What’s New in Python 2.5"> What’s New in Python 2.5 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-308-conditional-expressions');" title="PEP 308: Conditional Expressions"> PEP 308: Conditional Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-309-partial-function-application');" title="PEP 309: Partial Function Application"> PEP 309: Partial Function Application </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-314-metadata-for-python-software-packages-v1-1');" title="PEP 314: Metadata for Python Software Packages v1.1"> PEP 314: Metadata for Python Software Packages v1.1 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-328-absolute-and-relative-imports');" title="PEP 328: Absolute and Relative Imports"> PEP 328: Absolute and Relative Imports </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-338-executing-modules-as-scripts');" title="PEP 338: Executing Modules as Scripts"> PEP 338: Executing Modules as Scripts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-341-unified-try-except-finally');" title="PEP 341: Unified try/except/finally"> PEP 341: Unified try/except/finally </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-342-new-generator-features');" title="PEP 342: New Generator Features"> PEP 342: New Generator Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-343-the-with-statement');" title="PEP 343: The ‘with’ statement"> PEP 343: The ‘with’ statement </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#writing-context-managers');" title="Writing Context Managers"> Writing Context Managers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#the-contextlib-module');" title="The contextlib module"> The contextlib module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-352-exceptions-as-new-style-classes');" title="PEP 352: Exceptions as New-Style Classes"> PEP 352: Exceptions as New-Style Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-353-using-ssize-t-as-the-index-type');" title="PEP 353: Using ssize_t as the index type"> PEP 353: Using ssize_t as the index type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#pep-357-the-index-method');" title="PEP 357: The ‘__index__’ method"> PEP 357: The ‘__index__’ method </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#interactive-interpreter-changes');" title="Interactive Interpreter Changes"> Interactive Interpreter Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#new-improved-and-removed-modules');" title="New, Improved, and Removed Modules"> New, Improved, and Removed Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#the-ctypes-package');" title="The ctypes package"> The ctypes package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#the-elementtree-package');" title="The ElementTree package"> The ElementTree package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#the-hashlib-package');" title="The hashlib package"> The hashlib package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#the-sqlite3-package');" title="The sqlite3 package"> The sqlite3 package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#the-wsgiref-package');" title="The wsgiref package"> The wsgiref package </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#port-specific-changes');" title="Port-Specific Changes"> Port-Specific Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#porting-to-python-2-5');" title="Porting to Python 2.5"> Porting to Python 2.5 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.5.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html');" title="What’s New in Python 2.4"> What’s New in Python 2.4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-218-built-in-set-objects');" title="PEP 218: Built-In Set Objects"> PEP 218: Built-In Set Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-237-unifying-long-integers-and-integers');" title="PEP 237: Unifying Long Integers and Integers"> PEP 237: Unifying Long Integers and Integers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-289-generator-expressions');" title="PEP 289: Generator Expressions"> PEP 289: Generator Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-292-simpler-string-substitutions');" title="PEP 292: Simpler String Substitutions"> PEP 292: Simpler String Substitutions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-318-decorators-for-functions-and-methods');" title="PEP 318: Decorators for Functions and Methods"> PEP 318: Decorators for Functions and Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-322-reverse-iteration');" title="PEP 322: Reverse Iteration"> PEP 322: Reverse Iteration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-324-new-subprocess-module');" title="PEP 324: New subprocess Module"> PEP 324: New subprocess Module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-327-decimal-data-type');" title="PEP 327: Decimal Data Type"> PEP 327: Decimal Data Type </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#why-is-decimal-needed');" title="Why is Decimal needed?"> Why is Decimal needed? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#the-decimal-type');" title="The Decimal type"> The Decimal type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#the-context-type');" title="The Context type"> The Context type </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-328-multi-line-imports');" title="PEP 328: Multi-line Imports"> PEP 328: Multi-line Imports </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#pep-331-locale-independent-float-string-conversions');" title="PEP 331: Locale-Independent Float/String Conversions"> PEP 331: Locale-Independent Float/String Conversions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#new-improved-and-deprecated-modules');" title="New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules"> New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#cookielib');" title="cookielib"> cookielib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#doctest');" title="doctest"> doctest </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#port-specific-changes');" title="Port-Specific Changes"> Port-Specific Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#porting-to-python-2-4');" title="Porting to Python 2.4"> Porting to Python 2.4 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.4.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html');" title="What’s New in Python 2.3"> What’s New in Python 2.3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-218-a-standard-set-datatype');" title="PEP 218: A Standard Set Datatype"> PEP 218: A Standard Set Datatype </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-255-simple-generators');" title="PEP 255: Simple Generators"> PEP 255: Simple Generators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-263-source-code-encodings');" title="PEP 263: Source Code Encodings"> PEP 263: Source Code Encodings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-273-importing-modules-from-zip-archives');" title="PEP 273: Importing Modules from ZIP Archives"> PEP 273: Importing Modules from ZIP Archives </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-277-unicode-file-name-support-for-windows-nt');" title="PEP 277: Unicode file name support for Windows NT"> PEP 277: Unicode file name support for Windows NT </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-278-universal-newline-support');" title="PEP 278: Universal Newline Support"> PEP 278: Universal Newline Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-279-enumerate');" title="PEP 279: enumerate()"> PEP 279: enumerate() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-282-the-logging-package');" title="PEP 282: The logging Package"> PEP 282: The logging Package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-285-a-boolean-type');" title="PEP 285: A Boolean Type"> PEP 285: A Boolean Type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-293-codec-error-handling-callbacks');" title="PEP 293: Codec Error Handling Callbacks"> PEP 293: Codec Error Handling Callbacks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-301-package-index-and-metadata-for-distutils');" title="PEP 301: Package Index and Metadata for Distutils"> PEP 301: Package Index and Metadata for Distutils </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-302-new-import-hooks');" title="PEP 302: New Import Hooks"> PEP 302: New Import Hooks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-305-comma-separated-files');" title="PEP 305: Comma-separated Files"> PEP 305: Comma-separated Files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pep-307-pickle-enhancements');" title="PEP 307: Pickle Enhancements"> PEP 307: Pickle Enhancements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#extended-slices');" title="Extended Slices"> Extended Slices </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#other-language-changes');" title="Other Language Changes"> Other Language Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#string-changes');" title="String Changes"> String Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#optimizations');" title="Optimizations"> Optimizations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#new-improved-and-deprecated-modules');" title="New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules"> New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#date-time-type');" title="Date/Time Type"> Date/Time Type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#the-optparse-module');" title="The optparse Module"> The optparse Module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#pymalloc-a-specialized-object-allocator');" title="Pymalloc: A Specialized Object Allocator"> Pymalloc: A Specialized Object Allocator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#build-and-c-api-changes');" title="Build and C API Changes"> Build and C API Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#port-specific-changes');" title="Port-Specific Changes"> Port-Specific Changes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#other-changes-and-fixes');" title="Other Changes and Fixes"> Other Changes and Fixes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#porting-to-python-2-3');" title="Porting to Python 2.3"> Porting to Python 2.3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.3.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html');" title="What’s New in Python 2.2"> What’s New in Python 2.2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#peps-252-and-253-type-and-class-changes');" title="PEPs 252 and 253: Type and Class Changes"> PEPs 252 and 253: Type and Class Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#old-and-new-classes');" title="Old and New Classes"> Old and New Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#descriptors');" title="Descriptors"> Descriptors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#multiple-inheritance-the-diamond-rule');" title="Multiple Inheritance: The Diamond Rule"> Multiple Inheritance: The Diamond Rule </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#attribute-access');" title="Attribute Access"> Attribute Access </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#related-links');" title="Related Links"> Related Links </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#pep-234-iterators');" title="PEP 234: Iterators"> PEP 234: Iterators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#pep-255-simple-generators');" title="PEP 255: Simple Generators"> PEP 255: Simple Generators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#pep-237-unifying-long-integers-and-integers');" title="PEP 237: Unifying Long Integers and Integers"> PEP 237: Unifying Long Integers and Integers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#pep-238-changing-the-division-operator');" title="PEP 238: Changing the Division Operator"> PEP 238: Changing the Division Operator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#unicode-changes');" title="Unicode Changes"> Unicode Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#pep-227-nested-scopes');" title="PEP 227: Nested Scopes"> PEP 227: Nested Scopes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#new-and-improved-modules');" title="New and Improved Modules"> New and Improved Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#interpreter-changes-and-fixes');" title="Interpreter Changes and Fixes"> Interpreter Changes and Fixes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#other-changes-and-fixes');" title="Other Changes and Fixes"> Other Changes and Fixes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.2.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html');" title="What’s New in Python 2.1"> What’s New in Python 2.1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-227-nested-scopes');" title="PEP 227: Nested Scopes"> PEP 227: Nested Scopes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-236-future-directives');" title="PEP 236: __future__ Directives"> PEP 236: __future__ Directives </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-207-rich-comparisons');" title="PEP 207: Rich Comparisons"> PEP 207: Rich Comparisons </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-230-warning-framework');" title="PEP 230: Warning Framework"> PEP 230: Warning Framework </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-229-new-build-system');" title="PEP 229: New Build System"> PEP 229: New Build System </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-205-weak-references');" title="PEP 205: Weak References"> PEP 205: Weak References </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-232-function-attributes');" title="PEP 232: Function Attributes"> PEP 232: Function Attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-235-importing-modules-on-case-insensitive-platforms');" title="PEP 235: Importing Modules on Case-Insensitive Platforms"> PEP 235: Importing Modules on Case-Insensitive Platforms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-217-interactive-display-hook');" title="PEP 217: Interactive Display Hook"> PEP 217: Interactive Display Hook </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-208-new-coercion-model');" title="PEP 208: New Coercion Model"> PEP 208: New Coercion Model </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#pep-241-metadata-in-python-packages');" title="PEP 241: Metadata in Python Packages"> PEP 241: Metadata in Python Packages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#new-and-improved-modules');" title="New and Improved Modules"> New and Improved Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#other-changes-and-fixes');" title="Other Changes and Fixes"> Other Changes and Fixes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.1.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html');" title="What’s New in Python 2.0"> What’s New in Python 2.0 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#what-about-python-1-6');" title="What About Python 1.6?"> What About Python 1.6? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#new-development-process');" title="New Development Process"> New Development Process </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#unicode');" title="Unicode"> Unicode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#list-comprehensions');" title="List Comprehensions"> List Comprehensions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#augmented-assignment');" title="Augmented Assignment"> Augmented Assignment </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#string-methods');" title="String Methods"> String Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#garbage-collection-of-cycles');" title="Garbage Collection of Cycles"> Garbage Collection of Cycles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#other-core-changes');" title="Other Core Changes"> Other Core Changes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#minor-language-changes');" title="Minor Language Changes"> Minor Language Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#changes-to-built-in-functions');" title="Changes to Built-in Functions"> Changes to Built-in Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#porting-to-2-0');" title="Porting to 2.0"> Porting to 2.0 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#extending-embedding-changes');" title="Extending/Embedding Changes"> Extending/Embedding Changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#distutils-making-modules-easy-to-install');" title="Distutils: Making Modules Easy to Install"> Distutils: Making Modules Easy to Install </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#xml-modules');" title="XML Modules"> XML Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#sax2-support');" title="SAX2 Support"> SAX2 Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#dom-support');" title="DOM Support"> DOM Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#relationship-to-pyxml');" title="Relationship to PyXML"> Relationship to PyXML </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#module-changes');" title="Module changes"> Module changes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#new-modules');" title="New modules"> New modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#idle-improvements');" title="IDLE Improvements"> IDLE Improvements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#deleted-and-deprecated-modules');" title="Deleted and Deprecated Modules"> Deleted and Deprecated Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-2.0.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html');" title="Changelog"> Changelog </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-next');" title="Python next"> Python next </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#core-and-builtins');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#library');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#documentation');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#windows');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#idle');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-5-final');" title="Python 3.8.5 final"> Python 3.8.5 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#security');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id2');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id3');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id4');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#build');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#macos');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id5');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-4-final');" title="Python 3.8.4 final"> Python 3.8.4 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id6');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id7');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id8');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id9');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-4-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.8.4 release candidate 1"> Python 3.8.4 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id10');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id11');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id12');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#tests');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id13');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id14');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id15');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id16');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#tools-demos');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-3-final');" title="Python 3.8.3 final"> Python 3.8.3 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id17');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id18');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id19');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id20');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#c-api');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-3-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.8.3 release candidate 1"> Python 3.8.3 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id21');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id22');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id23');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id24');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id25');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id26');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id27');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id28');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id29');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id30');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id31');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-2-final');" title="Python 3.8.2 final"> Python 3.8.2 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id32');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id33');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id34');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id35');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-2-release-candidate-2');" title="Python 3.8.2 release candidate 2"> Python 3.8.2 release candidate 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id36');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id37');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id38');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id39');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-2-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.8.2 release candidate 1"> Python 3.8.2 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id40');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id41');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id42');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id43');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id44');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id45');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id46');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id47');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-1-final');" title="Python 3.8.1 final"> Python 3.8.1 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id48');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id49');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id50');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id51');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id52');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id53');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-1-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.8.1 release candidate 1"> Python 3.8.1 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id54');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id55');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id56');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id57');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id58');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id59');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id60');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id61');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id62');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id63');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-final');" title="Python 3.8.0 final"> Python 3.8.0 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id64');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id65');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id66');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id67');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id68');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id69');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
 <li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id70');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id71');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.8.0 release candidate 1"> Python 3.8.0 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id72');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id73');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id74');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id75');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id76');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id77');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id78');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id79');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id80');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id81');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id82');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-beta-4');" title="Python 3.8.0 beta 4"> Python 3.8.0 beta 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id83');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id84');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id85');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id86');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id87');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id88');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id89');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id90');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id91');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id92');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id93');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-beta-3');" title="Python 3.8.0 beta 3"> Python 3.8.0 beta 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id94');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id95');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id96');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id97');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id98');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id99');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id100');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id101');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id102');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
 </ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-beta-2');" title="Python 3.8.0 beta 2"> Python 3.8.0 beta 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id103');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id104');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id105');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id106');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id107');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id108');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id109');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id110');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id111');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id112');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-beta-1');" title="Python 3.8.0 beta 1"> Python 3.8.0 beta 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id113');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id114');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id115');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id116');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id117');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id118');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id119');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id120');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id121');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id122');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id123');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-alpha-4');" title="Python 3.8.0 alpha 4"> Python 3.8.0 alpha 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id124');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id125');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id126');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id127');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id128');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id129');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id130');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id131');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id132');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id133');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id134');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-alpha-3');" title="Python 3.8.0 alpha 3"> Python 3.8.0 alpha 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id135');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id136');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id137');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id138');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id139');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id140');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id141');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id142');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id143');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id144');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-alpha-2');" title="Python 3.8.0 alpha 2"> Python 3.8.0 alpha 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id145');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id146');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id147');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id148');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id149');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id150');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-8-0-alpha-1');" title="Python 3.8.0 alpha 1"> Python 3.8.0 alpha 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id151');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id152');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id153');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id154');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id155');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id156');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id157');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id158');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id159');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id160');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id161');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-final');" title="Python 3.7.0 final"> Python 3.7.0 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id162');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id163');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.7.0 release candidate 1"> Python 3.7.0 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id164');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id165');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id166');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id167');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id168');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id169');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-beta-5');" title="Python 3.7.0 beta 5"> Python 3.7.0 beta 5 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id170');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id171');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id172');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id173');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id174');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id175');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id176');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-beta-4');" title="Python 3.7.0 beta 4"> Python 3.7.0 beta 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id177');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id178');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id179');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id180');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id181');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id182');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id183');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id184');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id185');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-beta-3');" title="Python 3.7.0 beta 3"> Python 3.7.0 beta 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id186');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id187');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id188');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id189');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id190');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id191');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id192');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id193');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id194');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id195');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id196');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-beta-2');" title="Python 3.7.0 beta 2"> Python 3.7.0 beta 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id197');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id198');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id199');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id200');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id201');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id202');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id203');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id204');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id205');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id206');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-beta-1');" title="Python 3.7.0 beta 1"> Python 3.7.0 beta 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id207');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id208');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id209');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id210');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id211');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id212');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id213');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id214');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-alpha-4');" title="Python 3.7.0 alpha 4"> Python 3.7.0 alpha 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id215');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id216');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id217');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id218');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id219');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id220');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id221');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-alpha-3');" title="Python 3.7.0 alpha 3"> Python 3.7.0 alpha 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id222');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id223');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id224');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id225');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id226');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id227');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id228');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id229');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id230');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id231');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-alpha-2');" title="Python 3.7.0 alpha 2"> Python 3.7.0 alpha 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id232');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id233');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id234');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id235');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id236');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id237');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-7-0-alpha-1');" title="Python 3.7.0 alpha 1"> Python 3.7.0 alpha 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id238');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id239');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id240');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id241');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id242');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id243');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id244');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id245');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id246');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id247');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-6-final');" title="Python 3.6.6 final"> Python 3.6.6 final </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-6-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.6.6 release candidate 1"> Python 3.6.6 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id248');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id249');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id250');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id251');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id252');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id253');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id254');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id255');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id256');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id257');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-5-final');" title="Python 3.6.5 final"> Python 3.6.5 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id258');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id259');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-5-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.6.5 release candidate 1"> Python 3.6.5 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id260');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id261');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id262');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id263');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id264');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id265');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id266');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id267');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id268');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id269');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id270');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-4-final');" title="Python 3.6.4 final"> Python 3.6.4 final </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-4-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.6.4 release candidate 1"> Python 3.6.4 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id271');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id272');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id273');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id274');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id275');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id276');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id277');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id278');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id279');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id280');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-3-final');" title="Python 3.6.3 final"> Python 3.6.3 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id281');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id282');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-3-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.6.3 release candidate 1"> Python 3.6.3 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id283');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id284');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id285');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id286');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id287');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id288');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id289');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id290');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id291');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-2-final');" title="Python 3.6.2 final"> Python 3.6.2 final </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-2-release-candidate-2');" title="Python 3.6.2 release candidate 2"> Python 3.6.2 release candidate 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id292');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-2-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.6.2 release candidate 1"> Python 3.6.2 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id293');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id294');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id295');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id296');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id297');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id298');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id299');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id300');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id301');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id302');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id303');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-1-final');" title="Python 3.6.1 final"> Python 3.6.1 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id304');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id305');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-1-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.6.1 release candidate 1"> Python 3.6.1 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id306');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id307');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id308');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id309');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id310');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id311');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id312');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id313');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-final');" title="Python 3.6.0 final"> Python 3.6.0 final </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-release-candidate-2');" title="Python 3.6.0 release candidate 2"> Python 3.6.0 release candidate 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id314');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id315');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id316');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id317');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.6.0 release candidate 1"> Python 3.6.0 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id318');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id319');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id320');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id321');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id322');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-beta-4');" title="Python 3.6.0 beta 4"> Python 3.6.0 beta 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id323');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id324');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id325');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id326');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id327');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-beta-3');" title="Python 3.6.0 beta 3"> Python 3.6.0 beta 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id328');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id329');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id330');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id331');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id332');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-beta-2');" title="Python 3.6.0 beta 2"> Python 3.6.0 beta 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id333');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id334');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id335');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id336');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id337');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id338');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-beta-1');" title="Python 3.6.0 beta 1"> Python 3.6.0 beta 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id339');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id340');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id341');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id342');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id343');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id344');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id345');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id346');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-alpha-4');" title="Python 3.6.0 alpha 4"> Python 3.6.0 alpha 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id347');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id348');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id349');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id350');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id351');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id352');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-alpha-3');" title="Python 3.6.0 alpha 3"> Python 3.6.0 alpha 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id353');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id354');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id355');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id356');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id357');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id358');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id359');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id360');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id361');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id362');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id363');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id364');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-alpha-2');" title="Python 3.6.0 alpha 2"> Python 3.6.0 alpha 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id365');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id366');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id367');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id368');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id369');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id370');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id371');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id372');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id373');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id374');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id375');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id376');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id377');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id378');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-6-0-alpha-1');" title="Python 3.6.0 alpha 1"> Python 3.6.0 alpha 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id379');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id380');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id381');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id382');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id383');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id384');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id385');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id386');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id387');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id388');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id389');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id390');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id391');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id392');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id393');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-5-final');" title="Python 3.5.5 final"> Python 3.5.5 final </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-5-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.5.5 release candidate 1"> Python 3.5.5 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id394');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id395');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id396');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-4-final');" title="Python 3.5.4 final"> Python 3.5.4 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id397');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-4-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.5.4 release candidate 1"> Python 3.5.4 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id398');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id399');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id400');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id401');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id402');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id403');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id404');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id405');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-3-final');" title="Python 3.5.3 final"> Python 3.5.3 final </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-3-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.5.3 release candidate 1"> Python 3.5.3 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id406');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id407');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id408');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id409');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id410');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id411');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id412');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id413');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id414');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id415');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id416');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id417');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id418');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-2-final');" title="Python 3.5.2 final"> Python 3.5.2 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id419');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id420');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id421');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-2-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.5.2 release candidate 1"> Python 3.5.2 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id422');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id423');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id424');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id425');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id426');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id427');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id428');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id429');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id430');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id431');" title="Security"> Security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id432');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id433');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id434');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id435');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id436');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id437');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id438');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id439');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-1-final');" title="Python 3.5.1 final"> Python 3.5.1 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id440');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id441');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-1-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.5.1 release candidate 1"> Python 3.5.1 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id442');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id443');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id444');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id445');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id446');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id447');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id448');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id449');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-final');" title="Python 3.5.0 final"> Python 3.5.0 final </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id450');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-release-candidate-4');" title="Python 3.5.0 release candidate 4"> Python 3.5.0 release candidate 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id451');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id452');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-release-candidate-3');" title="Python 3.5.0 release candidate 3"> Python 3.5.0 release candidate 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id453');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id454');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-release-candidate-2');" title="Python 3.5.0 release candidate 2"> Python 3.5.0 release candidate 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id455');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id456');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-release-candidate-1');" title="Python 3.5.0 release candidate 1"> Python 3.5.0 release candidate 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id457');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id458');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id459');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id460');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id461');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-beta-4');" title="Python 3.5.0 beta 4"> Python 3.5.0 beta 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id462');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id463');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id464');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-beta-3');" title="Python 3.5.0 beta 3"> Python 3.5.0 beta 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id465');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id466');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id467');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id468');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id469');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-beta-2');" title="Python 3.5.0 beta 2"> Python 3.5.0 beta 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id470');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id471');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-beta-1');" title="Python 3.5.0 beta 1"> Python 3.5.0 beta 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id472');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id473');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id474');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id475');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id476');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id477');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-alpha-4');" title="Python 3.5.0 alpha 4"> Python 3.5.0 alpha 4 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id478');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id479');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id480');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id481');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id482');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id483');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-alpha-3');" title="Python 3.5.0 alpha 3"> Python 3.5.0 alpha 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id484');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id485');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id486');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id487');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
 <li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id488');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-alpha-2');" title="Python 3.5.0 alpha 2"> Python 3.5.0 alpha 2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id489');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id490');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id491');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id492');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id493');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#python-3-5-0-alpha-1');" title="Python 3.5.0 alpha 1"> Python 3.5.0 alpha 1 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id494');" title="Core and Builtins"> Core and Builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id495');" title="Library"> Library </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id496');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id497');" title="Build"> Build </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id498');" title="C API"> C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id499');" title="Documentation"> Documentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id500');" title="Tests"> Tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id501');" title="Tools/Demos"> Tools/Demos </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-changelog.html#id502');" title="Windows"> Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-index.html');" title="The Python Tutorial"> The Python Tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-appetite.html');" title="1. Whetting Your Appetite"> 1. Whetting Your Appetite </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interpreter.html');" title="2. Using the Python Interpreter"> 2. Using the Python Interpreter </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interpreter.html#invoking-the-interpreter');" title="2.1. Invoking the Interpreter"> 2.1. Invoking the Interpreter </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interpreter.html#argument-passing');" title="2.1.1. Argument Passing"> 2.1.1. Argument Passing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interpreter.html#interactive-mode');" title="2.1.2. Interactive Mode"> 2.1.2. Interactive Mode </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interpreter.html#the-interpreter-and-its-environment');" title="2.2. The Interpreter and Its Environment"> 2.2. The Interpreter and Its Environment </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interpreter.html#source-code-encoding');" title="2.2.1. Source Code Encoding"> 2.2.1. Source Code Encoding </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-introduction.html');" title="3. An Informal Introduction to Python"> 3. An Informal Introduction to Python </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-introduction.html#using-python-as-a-calculator');" title="3.1. Using Python as a Calculator"> 3.1. Using Python as a Calculator </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-introduction.html#numbers');" title="3.1.1. Numbers"> 3.1.1. Numbers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-introduction.html#strings');" title="3.1.2. Strings"> 3.1.2. Strings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-introduction.html#lists');" title="3.1.3. Lists"> 3.1.3. Lists </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-introduction.html#first-steps-towards-programming');" title="3.2. First Steps Towards Programming"> 3.2. First Steps Towards Programming </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html');" title="4. More Control Flow Tools"> 4. More Control Flow Tools </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#if-statements');" title="4.1. if Statements"> 4.1. if Statements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#for-statements');" title="4.2. for Statements"> 4.2. for Statements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#the-range-function');" title="4.3. The range() Function"> 4.3. The range() Function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#break-and-continue-statements-and-else-clauses-on-loops');" title="4.4. break and continue Statements, and else Clauses on Loops"> 4.4. break and continue Statements, and else Clauses on Loops </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#pass-statements');" title="4.5. pass Statements"> 4.5. pass Statements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#defining-functions');" title="4.6. Defining Functions"> 4.6. Defining Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#more-on-defining-functions');" title="4.7. More on Defining Functions"> 4.7. More on Defining Functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#default-argument-values');" title="4.7.1. Default Argument Values"> 4.7.1. Default Argument Values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#keyword-arguments');" title="4.7.2. Keyword Arguments"> 4.7.2. Keyword Arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#special-parameters');" title="4.7.3. Special parameters"> 4.7.3. Special parameters </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#positional-or-keyword-arguments');" title="4.7.3.1. Positional-or-Keyword Arguments"> 4.7.3.1. Positional-or-Keyword Arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#positional-only-parameters');" title="4.7.3.2. Positional-Only Parameters"> 4.7.3.2. Positional-Only Parameters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#keyword-only-arguments');" title="4.7.3.3. Keyword-Only Arguments"> 4.7.3.3. Keyword-Only Arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#function-examples');" title="4.7.3.4. Function Examples"> 4.7.3.4. Function Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#recap');" title="4.7.3.5. Recap"> 4.7.3.5. Recap </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#arbitrary-argument-lists');" title="4.7.4. Arbitrary Argument Lists"> 4.7.4. Arbitrary Argument Lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#unpacking-argument-lists');" title="4.7.5. Unpacking Argument Lists"> 4.7.5. Unpacking Argument Lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#lambda-expressions');" title="4.7.6. Lambda Expressions"> 4.7.6. Lambda Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#documentation-strings');" title="4.7.7. Documentation Strings"> 4.7.7. Documentation Strings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#function-annotations');" title="4.7.8. Function Annotations"> 4.7.8. Function Annotations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-controlflow.html#intermezzo-coding-style');" title="4.8. Intermezzo: Coding Style"> 4.8. Intermezzo: Coding Style </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html');" title="5. Data Structures"> 5. Data Structures </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#more-on-lists');" title="5.1. More on Lists"> 5.1. More on Lists </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#using-lists-as-stacks');" title="5.1.1. Using Lists as Stacks"> 5.1.1. Using Lists as Stacks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#using-lists-as-queues');" title="5.1.2. Using Lists as Queues"> 5.1.2. Using Lists as Queues </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#list-comprehensions');" title="5.1.3. List Comprehensions"> 5.1.3. List Comprehensions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#nested-list-comprehensions');" title="5.1.4. Nested List Comprehensions"> 5.1.4. Nested List Comprehensions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#the-del-statement');" title="5.2. The del statement"> 5.2. The del statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#tuples-and-sequences');" title="5.3. Tuples and Sequences"> 5.3. Tuples and Sequences </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#sets');" title="5.4. Sets"> 5.4. Sets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#dictionaries');" title="5.5. Dictionaries"> 5.5. Dictionaries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#looping-techniques');" title="5.6. Looping Techniques"> 5.6. Looping Techniques </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#more-on-conditions');" title="5.7. More on Conditions"> 5.7. More on Conditions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-datastructures.html#comparing-sequences-and-other-types');" title="5.8. Comparing Sequences and Other Types"> 5.8. Comparing Sequences and Other Types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html');" title="6. Modules"> 6. Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#more-on-modules');" title="6.1. More on Modules"> 6.1. More on Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#executing-modules-as-scripts');" title="6.1.1. Executing modules as scripts"> 6.1.1. Executing modules as scripts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#the-module-search-path');" title="6.1.2. The Module Search Path"> 6.1.2. The Module Search Path </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#compiled-python-files');" title="6.1.3. “Compiled” Python files"> 6.1.3. “Compiled” Python files </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#standard-modules');" title="6.2. Standard Modules"> 6.2. Standard Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#the-dir-function');" title="6.3. The dir() Function"> 6.3. The dir() Function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#packages');" title="6.4. Packages"> 6.4. Packages </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#importing-from-a-package');" title="6.4.1. Importing * From a Package"> 6.4.1. Importing * From a Package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#intra-package-references');" title="6.4.2. Intra-package References"> 6.4.2. Intra-package References </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-modules.html#packages-in-multiple-directories');" title="6.4.3. Packages in Multiple Directories"> 6.4.3. Packages in Multiple Directories </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html');" title="7. Input and Output"> 7. Input and Output </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html#fancier-output-formatting');" title="7.1. Fancier Output Formatting"> 7.1. Fancier Output Formatting </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html#formatted-string-literals');" title="7.1.1. Formatted String Literals"> 7.1.1. Formatted String Literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html#the-string-format-method');" title="7.1.2. The String format() Method"> 7.1.2. The String format() Method </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html#manual-string-formatting');" title="7.1.3. Manual String Formatting"> 7.1.3. Manual String Formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html#old-string-formatting');" title="7.1.4. Old string formatting"> 7.1.4. Old string formatting </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html#reading-and-writing-files');" title="7.2. Reading and Writing Files"> 7.2. Reading and Writing Files </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html#methods-of-file-objects');" title="7.2.1. Methods of File Objects"> 7.2.1. Methods of File Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-inputoutput.html#saving-structured-data-with-json');" title="7.2.2. Saving structured data with json"> 7.2.2. Saving structured data with json </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-errors.html');" title="8. Errors and Exceptions"> 8. Errors and Exceptions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-errors.html#syntax-errors');" title="8.1. Syntax Errors"> 8.1. Syntax Errors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-errors.html#exceptions');" title="8.2. Exceptions"> 8.2. Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-errors.html#handling-exceptions');" title="8.3. Handling Exceptions"> 8.3. Handling Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-errors.html#raising-exceptions');" title="8.4. Raising Exceptions"> 8.4. Raising Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-errors.html#user-defined-exceptions');" title="8.5. User-defined Exceptions"> 8.5. User-defined Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-errors.html#defining-clean-up-actions');" title="8.6. Defining Clean-up Actions"> 8.6. Defining Clean-up Actions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-errors.html#predefined-clean-up-actions');" title="8.7. Predefined Clean-up Actions"> 8.7. Predefined Clean-up Actions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html');" title="9. Classes"> 9. Classes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#a-word-about-names-and-objects');" title="9.1. A Word About Names and Objects"> 9.1. A Word About Names and Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#python-scopes-and-namespaces');" title="9.2. Python Scopes and Namespaces"> 9.2. Python Scopes and Namespaces </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#scopes-and-namespaces-example');" title="9.2.1. Scopes and Namespaces Example"> 9.2.1. Scopes and Namespaces Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#a-first-look-at-classes');" title="9.3. A First Look at Classes"> 9.3. A First Look at Classes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#class-definition-syntax');" title="9.3.1. Class Definition Syntax"> 9.3.1. Class Definition Syntax </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#class-objects');" title="9.3.2. Class Objects"> 9.3.2. Class Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#instance-objects');" title="9.3.3. Instance Objects"> 9.3.3. Instance Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#method-objects');" title="9.3.4. Method Objects"> 9.3.4. Method Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#class-and-instance-variables');" title="9.3.5. Class and Instance Variables"> 9.3.5. Class and Instance Variables </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#random-remarks');" title="9.4. Random Remarks"> 9.4. Random Remarks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#inheritance');" title="9.5. Inheritance"> 9.5. Inheritance </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#multiple-inheritance');" title="9.5.1. Multiple Inheritance"> 9.5.1. Multiple Inheritance </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#private-variables');" title="9.6. Private Variables"> 9.6. Private Variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#odds-and-ends');" title="9.7. Odds and Ends"> 9.7. Odds and Ends </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#iterators');" title="9.8. Iterators"> 9.8. Iterators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#generators');" title="9.9. Generators"> 9.9. Generators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-classes.html#generator-expressions');" title="9.10. Generator Expressions"> 9.10. Generator Expressions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html');" title="10. Brief Tour of the Standard Library"> 10. Brief Tour of the Standard Library </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#operating-system-interface');" title="10.1. Operating System Interface"> 10.1. Operating System Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#file-wildcards');" title="10.2. File Wildcards"> 10.2. File Wildcards </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#command-line-arguments');" title="10.3. Command Line Arguments"> 10.3. Command Line Arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#error-output-redirection-and-program-termination');" title="10.4. Error Output Redirection and Program Termination"> 10.4. Error Output Redirection and Program Termination </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#string-pattern-matching');" title="10.5. String Pattern Matching"> 10.5. String Pattern Matching </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#mathematics');" title="10.6. Mathematics"> 10.6. Mathematics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#internet-access');" title="10.7. Internet Access"> 10.7. Internet Access </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#dates-and-times');" title="10.8. Dates and Times"> 10.8. Dates and Times </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#data-compression');" title="10.9. Data Compression"> 10.9. Data Compression </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#performance-measurement');" title="10.10. Performance Measurement"> 10.10. Performance Measurement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#quality-control');" title="10.11. Quality Control"> 10.11. Quality Control </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib.html#batteries-included');" title="10.12. Batteries Included"> 10.12. Batteries Included </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html');" title="11. Brief Tour of the Standard Library — Part II"> 11. Brief Tour of the Standard Library — Part II </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html#output-formatting');" title="11.1. Output Formatting"> 11.1. Output Formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html#templating');" title="11.2. Templating"> 11.2. Templating </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html#working-with-binary-data-record-layouts');" title="11.3. Working with Binary Data Record Layouts"> 11.3. Working with Binary Data Record Layouts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html#multi-threading');" title="11.4. Multi-threading"> 11.4. Multi-threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html#logging');" title="11.5. Logging"> 11.5. Logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html#weak-references');" title="11.6. Weak References"> 11.6. Weak References </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html#tools-for-working-with-lists');" title="11.7. Tools for Working with Lists"> 11.7. Tools for Working with Lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-stdlib2.html#decimal-floating-point-arithmetic');" title="11.8. Decimal Floating Point Arithmetic"> 11.8. Decimal Floating Point Arithmetic </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-venv.html');" title="12. Virtual Environments and Packages"> 12. Virtual Environments and Packages </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-venv.html#introduction');" title="12.1. Introduction"> 12.1. Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-venv.html#creating-virtual-environments');" title="12.2. Creating Virtual Environments"> 12.2. Creating Virtual Environments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-venv.html#managing-packages-with-pip');" title="12.3. Managing Packages with pip"> 12.3. Managing Packages with pip </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-whatnow.html');" title="13. What Now?"> 13. What Now? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interactive.html');" title="14. Interactive Input Editing and History Substitution"> 14. Interactive Input Editing and History Substitution </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interactive.html#tab-completion-and-history-editing');" title="14.1. Tab Completion and History Editing"> 14.1. Tab Completion and History Editing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-interactive.html#alternatives-to-the-interactive-interpreter');" title="14.2. Alternatives to the Interactive Interpreter"> 14.2. Alternatives to the Interactive Interpreter </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-floatingpoint.html');" title="15. Floating Point Arithmetic: Issues and Limitations"> 15. Floating Point Arithmetic: Issues and Limitations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-floatingpoint.html#representation-error');" title="15.1. Representation Error"> 15.1. Representation Error </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-appendix.html');" title="16. Appendix"> 16. Appendix </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-appendix.html#interactive-mode');" title="16.1. Interactive Mode"> 16.1. Interactive Mode </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-appendix.html#error-handling');" title="16.1.1. Error Handling"> 16.1.1. Error Handling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-appendix.html#executable-python-scripts');" title="16.1.2. Executable Python Scripts"> 16.1.2. Executable Python Scripts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-appendix.html#the-interactive-startup-file');" title="16.1.3. The Interactive Startup File"> 16.1.3. The Interactive Startup File </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-appendix.html#the-customization-modules');" title="16.1.4. The Customization Modules"> 16.1.4. The Customization Modules </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-index.html');" title="Python Setup and Usage"> Python Setup and Usage </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-cmdline.html');" title="1. Command line and environment"> 1. Command line and environment </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-cmdline.html#command-line');" title="1.1. Command line"> 1.1. Command line </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-cmdline.html#interface-options');" title="1.1.1. Interface options"> 1.1.1. Interface options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-cmdline.html#generic-options');" title="1.1.2. Generic options"> 1.1.2. Generic options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-cmdline.html#miscellaneous-options');" title="1.1.3. Miscellaneous options"> 1.1.3. Miscellaneous options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-cmdline.html#options-you-shouldn-t-use');" title="1.1.4. Options you shouldn’t use"> 1.1.4. Options you shouldn’t use </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-cmdline.html#environment-variables');" title="1.2. Environment variables"> 1.2. Environment variables </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-cmdline.html#debug-mode-variables');" title="1.2.1. Debug-mode variables"> 1.2.1. Debug-mode variables </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-unix.html');" title="2. Using Python on Unix platforms"> 2. Using Python on Unix platforms </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-unix.html#getting-and-installing-the-latest-version-of-python');" title="2.1. Getting and installing the latest version of Python"> 2.1. Getting and installing the latest version of Python </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-unix.html#on-linux');" title="2.1.1. On Linux"> 2.1.1. On Linux </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-unix.html#on-freebsd-and-openbsd');" title="2.1.2. On FreeBSD and OpenBSD"> 2.1.2. On FreeBSD and OpenBSD </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-unix.html#on-opensolaris');" title="2.1.3. On OpenSolaris"> 2.1.3. On OpenSolaris </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-unix.html#building-python');" title="2.2. Building Python"> 2.2. Building Python </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-unix.html#python-related-paths-and-files');" title="2.3. Python-related paths and files"> 2.3. Python-related paths and files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-unix.html#miscellaneous');" title="2.4. Miscellaneous"> 2.4. Miscellaneous </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html');" title="3. Using Python on Windows"> 3. Using Python on Windows </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#the-full-installer');" title="3.1. The full installer"> 3.1. The full installer </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#installation-steps');" title="3.1.1. Installation steps"> 3.1.1. Installation steps </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#removing-the-max-path-limitation');" title="3.1.2. Removing the MAX_PATH Limitation"> 3.1.2. Removing the MAX_PATH Limitation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#installing-without-ui');" title="3.1.3. Installing Without UI"> 3.1.3. Installing Without UI </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#installing-without-downloading');" title="3.1.4. Installing Without Downloading"> 3.1.4. Installing Without Downloading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#modifying-an-install');" title="3.1.5. Modifying an install"> 3.1.5. Modifying an install </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#the-microsoft-store-package');" title="3.2. The Microsoft Store package"> 3.2. The Microsoft Store package </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#known-issues');" title="3.2.1. Known Issues"> 3.2.1. Known Issues </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#the-nuget-org-packages');" title="3.3. The nuget.org packages"> 3.3. The nuget.org packages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#the-embeddable-package');" title="3.4. The embeddable package"> 3.4. The embeddable package </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#python-application');" title="3.4.1. Python Application"> 3.4.1. Python Application </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#embedding-python');" title="3.4.2. Embedding Python"> 3.4.2. Embedding Python </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#alternative-bundles');" title="3.5. Alternative bundles"> 3.5. Alternative bundles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#configuring-python');" title="3.6. Configuring Python"> 3.6. Configuring Python </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#excursus-setting-environment-variables');" title="3.6.1. Excursus: Setting environment variables"> 3.6.1. Excursus: Setting environment variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#finding-the-python-executable');" title="3.6.2. Finding the Python executable"> 3.6.2. Finding the Python executable </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#utf-8-mode');" title="3.7. UTF-8 mode"> 3.7. UTF-8 mode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#python-launcher-for-windows');" title="3.8. Python Launcher for Windows"> 3.8. Python Launcher for Windows </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#getting-started');" title="3.8.1. Getting started"> 3.8.1. Getting started </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#from-the-command-line');" title="3.8.1.1. From the command-line"> 3.8.1.1. From the command-line </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#virtual-environments');" title="3.8.1.2. Virtual environments"> 3.8.1.2. Virtual environments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#from-a-script');" title="3.8.1.3. From a script"> 3.8.1.3. From a script </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#from-file-associations');" title="3.8.1.4. From file associations"> 3.8.1.4. From file associations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#shebang-lines');" title="3.8.2. Shebang Lines"> 3.8.2. Shebang Lines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#arguments-in-shebang-lines');" title="3.8.3. Arguments in shebang lines"> 3.8.3. Arguments in shebang lines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#customization');" title="3.8.4. Customization"> 3.8.4. Customization </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#customization-via-ini-files');" title="3.8.4.1. Customization via INI files"> 3.8.4.1. Customization via INI files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#customizing-default-python-versions');" title="3.8.4.2. Customizing default Python versions"> 3.8.4.2. Customizing default Python versions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#diagnostics');" title="3.8.5. Diagnostics"> 3.8.5. Diagnostics </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#finding-modules');" title="3.9. Finding modules"> 3.9. Finding modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#additional-modules');" title="3.10. Additional modules"> 3.10. Additional modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#pywin32');" title="3.10.1. PyWin32"> 3.10.1. PyWin32 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#cx-freeze');" title="3.10.2. cx_Freeze"> 3.10.2. cx_Freeze </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#wconio');" title="3.10.3. WConio"> 3.10.3. WConio </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#compiling-python-on-windows');" title="3.11. Compiling Python on Windows"> 3.11. Compiling Python on Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-windows.html#other-platforms');" title="3.12. Other Platforms"> 3.12. Other Platforms </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html');" title="4. Using Python on a Macintosh"> 4. Using Python on a Macintosh </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#getting-and-installing-macpython');" title="4.1. Getting and Installing MacPython"> 4.1. Getting and Installing MacPython </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#how-to-run-a-python-script');" title="4.1.1. How to run a Python script"> 4.1.1. How to run a Python script </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#running-scripts-with-a-gui');" title="4.1.2. Running scripts with a GUI"> 4.1.2. Running scripts with a GUI </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#configuration');" title="4.1.3. Configuration"> 4.1.3. Configuration </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#the-ide');" title="4.2. The IDE"> 4.2. The IDE </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#installing-additional-python-packages');" title="4.3. Installing Additional Python Packages"> 4.3. Installing Additional Python Packages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#gui-programming-on-the-mac');" title="4.4. GUI Programming on the Mac"> 4.4. GUI Programming on the Mac </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#distributing-python-applications-on-the-mac');" title="4.5. Distributing Python Applications on the Mac"> 4.5. Distributing Python Applications on the Mac </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-mac.html#other-resources');" title="4.6. Other Resources"> 4.6. Other Resources </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-editors.html');" title="5. Editors and IDEs"> 5. Editors and IDEs </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-index.html');" title="The Python Language Reference"> The Python Language Reference </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-introduction.html');" title="1. Introduction"> 1. Introduction </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-introduction.html#alternate-implementations');" title="1.1. Alternate Implementations"> 1.1. Alternate Implementations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-introduction.html#notation');" title="1.2. Notation"> 1.2. Notation </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html');" title="2. Lexical analysis"> 2. Lexical analysis </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#line-structure');" title="2.1. Line structure"> 2.1. Line structure </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#logical-lines');" title="2.1.1. Logical lines"> 2.1.1. Logical lines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#physical-lines');" title="2.1.2. Physical lines"> 2.1.2. Physical lines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#comments');" title="2.1.3. Comments"> 2.1.3. Comments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#encoding-declarations');" title="2.1.4. Encoding declarations"> 2.1.4. Encoding declarations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#explicit-line-joining');" title="2.1.5. Explicit line joining"> 2.1.5. Explicit line joining </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#implicit-line-joining');" title="2.1.6. Implicit line joining"> 2.1.6. Implicit line joining </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#blank-lines');" title="2.1.7. Blank lines"> 2.1.7. Blank lines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#indentation');" title="2.1.8. Indentation"> 2.1.8. Indentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#whitespace-between-tokens');" title="2.1.9. Whitespace between tokens"> 2.1.9. Whitespace between tokens </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#other-tokens');" title="2.2. Other tokens"> 2.2. Other tokens </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#identifiers');" title="2.3. Identifiers and keywords"> 2.3. Identifiers and keywords </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#keywords');" title="2.3.1. Keywords"> 2.3.1. Keywords </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#reserved-classes-of-identifiers');" title="2.3.2. Reserved classes of identifiers"> 2.3.2. Reserved classes of identifiers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#literals');" title="2.4. Literals"> 2.4. Literals </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#string-and-bytes-literals');" title="2.4.1. String and Bytes literals"> 2.4.1. String and Bytes literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#string-literal-concatenation');" title="2.4.2. String literal concatenation"> 2.4.2. String literal concatenation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#formatted-string-literals');" title="2.4.3. Formatted string literals"> 2.4.3. Formatted string literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#numeric-literals');" title="2.4.4. Numeric literals"> 2.4.4. Numeric literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#integer-literals');" title="2.4.5. Integer literals"> 2.4.5. Integer literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#floating-point-literals');" title="2.4.6. Floating point literals"> 2.4.6. Floating point literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#imaginary-literals');" title="2.4.7. Imaginary literals"> 2.4.7. Imaginary literals </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#operators');" title="2.5. Operators"> 2.5. Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-lexical_analysis.html#delimiters');" title="2.6. Delimiters"> 2.6. Delimiters </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html');" title="3. Data model"> 3. Data model </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#objects-values-and-types');" title="3.1. Objects, values and types"> 3.1. Objects, values and types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#the-standard-type-hierarchy');" title="3.2. The standard type hierarchy"> 3.2. The standard type hierarchy </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#special-method-names');" title="3.3. Special method names"> 3.3. Special method names </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#basic-customization');" title="3.3.1. Basic customization"> 3.3.1. Basic customization </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#customizing-attribute-access');" title="3.3.2. Customizing attribute access"> 3.3.2. Customizing attribute access </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#customizing-module-attribute-access');" title="3.3.2.1. Customizing module attribute access"> 3.3.2.1. Customizing module attribute access </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#implementing-descriptors');" title="3.3.2.2. Implementing Descriptors"> 3.3.2.2. Implementing Descriptors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#invoking-descriptors');" title="3.3.2.3. Invoking Descriptors"> 3.3.2.3. Invoking Descriptors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#slots');" title="3.3.2.4. __slots__"> 3.3.2.4. __slots__ </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#notes-on-using-slots');" title="3.3.2.4.1. Notes on using __slots__"> 3.3.2.4.1. Notes on using __slots__ </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#customizing-class-creation');" title="3.3.3. Customizing class creation"> 3.3.3. Customizing class creation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#metaclasses');" title="3.3.3.1. Metaclasses"> 3.3.3.1. Metaclasses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#resolving-mro-entries');" title="3.3.3.2. Resolving MRO entries"> 3.3.3.2. Resolving MRO entries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#determining-the-appropriate-metaclass');" title="3.3.3.3. Determining the appropriate metaclass"> 3.3.3.3. Determining the appropriate metaclass </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#preparing-the-class-namespace');" title="3.3.3.4. Preparing the class namespace"> 3.3.3.4. Preparing the class namespace </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#executing-the-class-body');" title="3.3.3.5. Executing the class body"> 3.3.3.5. Executing the class body </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#creating-the-class-object');" title="3.3.3.6. Creating the class object"> 3.3.3.6. Creating the class object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#uses-for-metaclasses');" title="3.3.3.7. Uses for metaclasses"> 3.3.3.7. Uses for metaclasses </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#customizing-instance-and-subclass-checks');" title="3.3.4. Customizing instance and subclass checks"> 3.3.4. Customizing instance and subclass checks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#emulating-generic-types');" title="3.3.5. Emulating generic types"> 3.3.5. Emulating generic types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#emulating-callable-objects');" title="3.3.6. Emulating callable objects"> 3.3.6. Emulating callable objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#emulating-container-types');" title="3.3.7. Emulating container types"> 3.3.7. Emulating container types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#emulating-numeric-types');" title="3.3.8. Emulating numeric types"> 3.3.8. Emulating numeric types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#with-statement-context-managers');" title="3.3.9. With Statement Context Managers"> 3.3.9. With Statement Context Managers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#special-method-lookup');" title="3.3.10. Special method lookup"> 3.3.10. Special method lookup </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#coroutines');" title="3.4. Coroutines"> 3.4. Coroutines </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#awaitable-objects');" title="3.4.1. Awaitable Objects"> 3.4.1. Awaitable Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#coroutine-objects');" title="3.4.2. Coroutine Objects"> 3.4.2. Coroutine Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#asynchronous-iterators');" title="3.4.3. Asynchronous Iterators"> 3.4.3. Asynchronous Iterators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-datamodel.html#asynchronous-context-managers');" title="3.4.4. Asynchronous Context Managers"> 3.4.4. Asynchronous Context Managers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-executionmodel.html');" title="4. Execution model"> 4. Execution model </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-executionmodel.html#structure-of-a-program');" title="4.1. Structure of a program"> 4.1. Structure of a program </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-executionmodel.html#naming-and-binding');" title="4.2. Naming and binding"> 4.2. Naming and binding </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-executionmodel.html#binding-of-names');" title="4.2.1. Binding of names"> 4.2.1. Binding of names </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-executionmodel.html#resolution-of-names');" title="4.2.2. Resolution of names"> 4.2.2. Resolution of names </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-executionmodel.html#builtins-and-restricted-execution');" title="4.2.3. Builtins and restricted execution"> 4.2.3. Builtins and restricted execution </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-executionmodel.html#interaction-with-dynamic-features');" title="4.2.4. Interaction with dynamic features"> 4.2.4. Interaction with dynamic features </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-executionmodel.html#exceptions');" title="4.3. Exceptions"> 4.3. Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html');" title="5. The import system"> 5. The import system </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#importlib');" title="5.1. importlib"> 5.1. importlib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#packages');" title="5.2. Packages"> 5.2. Packages </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#regular-packages');" title="5.2.1. Regular packages"> 5.2.1. Regular packages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#namespace-packages');" title="5.2.2. Namespace packages"> 5.2.2. Namespace packages </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#searching');" title="5.3. Searching"> 5.3. Searching </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#the-module-cache');" title="5.3.1. The module cache"> 5.3.1. The module cache </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#finders-and-loaders');" title="5.3.2. Finders and loaders"> 5.3.2. Finders and loaders </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#import-hooks');" title="5.3.3. Import hooks"> 5.3.3. Import hooks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#the-meta-path');" title="5.3.4. The meta path"> 5.3.4. The meta path </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#loading');" title="5.4. Loading"> 5.4. Loading </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#loaders');" title="5.4.1. Loaders"> 5.4.1. Loaders </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#submodules');" title="5.4.2. Submodules"> 5.4.2. Submodules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#module-spec');" title="5.4.3. Module spec"> 5.4.3. Module spec </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#import-related-module-attributes');" title="5.4.4. Import-related module attributes"> 5.4.4. Import-related module attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#module-path');" title="5.4.5. module.__path__"> 5.4.5. module.__path__ </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#module-reprs');" title="5.4.6. Module reprs"> 5.4.6. Module reprs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#cached-bytecode-invalidation');" title="5.4.7. Cached bytecode invalidation"> 5.4.7. Cached bytecode invalidation </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#the-path-based-finder');" title="5.5. The Path Based Finder"> 5.5. The Path Based Finder </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#path-entry-finders');" title="5.5.1. Path entry finders"> 5.5.1. Path entry finders </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#path-entry-finder-protocol');" title="5.5.2. Path entry finder protocol"> 5.5.2. Path entry finder protocol </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#replacing-the-standard-import-system');" title="5.6. Replacing the standard import system"> 5.6. Replacing the standard import system </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#package-relative-imports');" title="5.7. Package Relative Imports"> 5.7. Package Relative Imports </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#special-considerations-for-main');" title="5.8. Special considerations for __main__"> 5.8. Special considerations for __main__ </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#main-spec');" title="5.8.1. __main__.__spec__"> 5.8.1. __main__.__spec__ </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#open-issues');" title="5.9. Open issues"> 5.9. Open issues </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-import.html#references');" title="5.10. References"> 5.10. References </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html');" title="6. Expressions"> 6. Expressions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#arithmetic-conversions');" title="6.1. Arithmetic conversions"> 6.1. Arithmetic conversions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#atoms');" title="6.2. Atoms"> 6.2. Atoms </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#atom-identifiers');" title="6.2.1. Identifiers (Names)"> 6.2.1. Identifiers (Names) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#literals');" title="6.2.2. Literals"> 6.2.2. Literals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#parenthesized-forms');" title="6.2.3. Parenthesized forms"> 6.2.3. Parenthesized forms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#displays-for-lists-sets-and-dictionaries');" title="6.2.4. Displays for lists, sets and dictionaries"> 6.2.4. Displays for lists, sets and dictionaries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#list-displays');" title="6.2.5. List displays"> 6.2.5. List displays </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#set-displays');" title="6.2.6. Set displays"> 6.2.6. Set displays </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#dictionary-displays');" title="6.2.7. Dictionary displays"> 6.2.7. Dictionary displays </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#generator-expressions');" title="6.2.8. Generator expressions"> 6.2.8. Generator expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#yield-expressions');" title="6.2.9. Yield expressions"> 6.2.9. Yield expressions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#generator-iterator-methods');" title="6.2.9.1. Generator-iterator methods"> 6.2.9.1. Generator-iterator methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#examples');" title="6.2.9.2. Examples"> 6.2.9.2. Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#asynchronous-generator-functions');" title="6.2.9.3. Asynchronous generator functions"> 6.2.9.3. Asynchronous generator functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#asynchronous-generator-iterator-methods');" title="6.2.9.4. Asynchronous generator-iterator methods"> 6.2.9.4. Asynchronous generator-iterator methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#primaries');" title="6.3. Primaries"> 6.3. Primaries </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#attribute-references');" title="6.3.1. Attribute references"> 6.3.1. Attribute references </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#subscriptions');" title="6.3.2. Subscriptions"> 6.3.2. Subscriptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#slicings');" title="6.3.3. Slicings"> 6.3.3. Slicings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#calls');" title="6.3.4. Calls"> 6.3.4. Calls </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#await-expression');" title="6.4. Await expression"> 6.4. Await expression </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#the-power-operator');" title="6.5. The power operator"> 6.5. The power operator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#unary-arithmetic-and-bitwise-operations');" title="6.6. Unary arithmetic and bitwise operations"> 6.6. Unary arithmetic and bitwise operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#binary-arithmetic-operations');" title="6.7. Binary arithmetic operations"> 6.7. Binary arithmetic operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#shifting-operations');" title="6.8. Shifting operations"> 6.8. Shifting operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#binary-bitwise-operations');" title="6.9. Binary bitwise operations"> 6.9. Binary bitwise operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#comparisons');" title="6.10. Comparisons"> 6.10. Comparisons </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#value-comparisons');" title="6.10.1. Value comparisons"> 6.10.1. Value comparisons </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#membership-test-operations');" title="6.10.2. Membership test operations"> 6.10.2. Membership test operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#is-not');" title="6.10.3. Identity comparisons"> 6.10.3. Identity comparisons </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#boolean-operations');" title="6.11. Boolean operations"> 6.11. Boolean operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#assignment-expressions');" title="6.12. Assignment expressions"> 6.12. Assignment expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#conditional-expressions');" title="6.13. Conditional expressions"> 6.13. Conditional expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#lambda');" title="6.14. Lambdas"> 6.14. Lambdas </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#expression-lists');" title="6.15. Expression lists"> 6.15. Expression lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#evaluation-order');" title="6.16. Evaluation order"> 6.16. Evaluation order </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-expressions.html#operator-precedence');" title="6.17. Operator precedence"> 6.17. Operator precedence </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html');" title="7. Simple statements"> 7. Simple statements </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#expression-statements');" title="7.1. Expression statements"> 7.1. Expression statements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#assignment-statements');" title="7.2. Assignment statements"> 7.2. Assignment statements </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#augmented-assignment-statements');" title="7.2.1. Augmented assignment statements"> 7.2.1. Augmented assignment statements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#annotated-assignment-statements');" title="7.2.2. Annotated assignment statements"> 7.2.2. Annotated assignment statements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-assert-statement');" title="7.3. The assert statement"> 7.3. The assert statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-pass-statement');" title="7.4. The pass statement"> 7.4. The pass statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-del-statement');" title="7.5. The del statement"> 7.5. The del statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-return-statement');" title="7.6. The return statement"> 7.6. The return statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-yield-statement');" title="7.7. The yield statement"> 7.7. The yield statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-raise-statement');" title="7.8. The raise statement"> 7.8. The raise statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-break-statement');" title="7.9. The break statement"> 7.9. The break statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-continue-statement');" title="7.10. The continue statement"> 7.10. The continue statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-import-statement');" title="7.11. The import statement"> 7.11. The import statement </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#future-statements');" title="7.11.1. Future statements"> 7.11.1. Future statements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-global-statement');" title="7.12. The global statement"> 7.12. The global statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-simple_stmts.html#the-nonlocal-statement');" title="7.13. The nonlocal statement"> 7.13. The nonlocal statement </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html');" title="8. Compound statements"> 8. Compound statements </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#the-if-statement');" title="8.1. The if statement"> 8.1. The if statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#the-while-statement');" title="8.2. The while statement"> 8.2. The while statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#the-for-statement');" title="8.3. The for statement"> 8.3. The for statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#the-try-statement');" title="8.4. The try statement"> 8.4. The try statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#the-with-statement');" title="8.5. The with statement"> 8.5. The with statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#function-definitions');" title="8.6. Function definitions"> 8.6. Function definitions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#class-definitions');" title="8.7. Class definitions"> 8.7. Class definitions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#coroutines');" title="8.8. Coroutines"> 8.8. Coroutines </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#coroutine-function-definition');" title="8.8.1. Coroutine function definition"> 8.8.1. Coroutine function definition </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#the-async-for-statement');" title="8.8.2. The async for statement"> 8.8.2. The async for statement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-compound_stmts.html#the-async-with-statement');" title="8.8.3. The async with statement"> 8.8.3. The async with statement </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-toplevel_components.html');" title="9. Top-level components"> 9. Top-level components </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-toplevel_components.html#complete-python-programs');" title="9.1. Complete Python programs"> 9.1. Complete Python programs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-toplevel_components.html#file-input');" title="9.2. File input"> 9.2. File input </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-toplevel_components.html#interactive-input');" title="9.3. Interactive input"> 9.3. Interactive input </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-toplevel_components.html#expression-input');" title="9.4. Expression input"> 9.4. Expression input </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-grammar.html');" title="10. Full Grammar specification"> 10. Full Grammar specification </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-index.html');" title="The Python Standard Library"> The Python Standard Library </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-intro.html');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-intro.html#notes-on-availability');" title="Notes on availability"> Notes on availability </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-functions.html');" title="Built-in Functions"> Built-in Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-constants.html');" title="Built-in Constants"> Built-in Constants </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-constants.html#constants-added-by-the-site-module');" title="Constants added by the site module"> Constants added by the site module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html');" title="Built-in Types"> Built-in Types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#truth-value-testing');" title="Truth Value Testing"> Truth Value Testing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#boolean-operations-and-or-not');" title="Boolean Operations — and, or, not"> Boolean Operations — and, or, not </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#comparisons');" title="Comparisons"> Comparisons </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#numeric-types-int-float-complex');" title="Numeric Types — int, float, complex"> Numeric Types — int, float, complex </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#bitwise-operations-on-integer-types');" title="Bitwise Operations on Integer Types"> Bitwise Operations on Integer Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#additional-methods-on-integer-types');" title="Additional Methods on Integer Types"> Additional Methods on Integer Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#additional-methods-on-float');" title="Additional Methods on Float"> Additional Methods on Float </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#hashing-of-numeric-types');" title="Hashing of numeric types"> Hashing of numeric types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#iterator-types');" title="Iterator Types"> Iterator Types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#generator-types');" title="Generator Types"> Generator Types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#sequence-types-list-tuple-range');" title="Sequence Types — list, tuple, range"> Sequence Types — list, tuple, range </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#common-sequence-operations');" title="Common Sequence Operations"> Common Sequence Operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#immutable-sequence-types');" title="Immutable Sequence Types"> Immutable Sequence Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#mutable-sequence-types');" title="Mutable Sequence Types"> Mutable Sequence Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#lists');" title="Lists"> Lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#tuples');" title="Tuples"> Tuples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#ranges');" title="Ranges"> Ranges </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#text-sequence-type-str');" title="Text Sequence Type — str"> Text Sequence Type — str </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#string-methods');" title="String Methods"> String Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#printf-style-string-formatting');" title="printf-style String Formatting"> printf-style String Formatting </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#binary-sequence-types-bytes-bytearray-memoryview');" title="Binary Sequence Types — bytes, bytearray, memoryview"> Binary Sequence Types — bytes, bytearray, memoryview </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#bytes-objects');" title="Bytes Objects"> Bytes Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#bytearray-objects');" title="Bytearray Objects"> Bytearray Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#bytes-and-bytearray-operations');" title="Bytes and Bytearray Operations"> Bytes and Bytearray Operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#printf-style-bytes-formatting');" title="printf-style Bytes Formatting"> printf-style Bytes Formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#memory-views');" title="Memory Views"> Memory Views </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#set-types-set-frozenset');" title="Set Types — set, frozenset"> Set Types — set, frozenset </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#mapping-types-dict');" title="Mapping Types — dict"> Mapping Types — dict </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#dictionary-view-objects');" title="Dictionary view objects"> Dictionary view objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#context-manager-types');" title="Context Manager Types"> Context Manager Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#other-built-in-types');" title="Other Built-in Types"> Other Built-in Types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#modules');" title="Modules"> Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#classes-and-class-instances');" title="Classes and Class Instances"> Classes and Class Instances </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#methods');" title="Methods"> Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#code-objects');" title="Code Objects"> Code Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#type-objects');" title="Type Objects"> Type Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#the-null-object');" title="The Null Object"> The Null Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#the-ellipsis-object');" title="The Ellipsis Object"> The Ellipsis Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#the-notimplemented-object');" title="The NotImplemented Object"> The NotImplemented Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#boolean-values');" title="Boolean Values"> Boolean Values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#internal-objects');" title="Internal Objects"> Internal Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stdtypes.html#special-attributes');" title="Special Attributes"> Special Attributes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-exceptions.html');" title="Built-in Exceptions"> Built-in Exceptions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-exceptions.html#base-classes');" title="Base classes"> Base classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-exceptions.html#concrete-exceptions');" title="Concrete exceptions"> Concrete exceptions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-exceptions.html#os-exceptions');" title="OS exceptions"> OS exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-exceptions.html#warnings');" title="Warnings"> Warnings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-exceptions.html#exception-hierarchy');" title="Exception hierarchy"> Exception hierarchy </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-text.html');" title="Text Processing Services"> Text Processing Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-string.html');" title="string — Common string operations"> string — Common string operations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-string.html#string-constants');" title="String constants"> String constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-string.html#custom-string-formatting');" title="Custom String Formatting"> Custom String Formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-string.html#format-string-syntax');" title="Format String Syntax"> Format String Syntax </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-string.html#format-specification-mini-language');" title="Format Specification Mini-Language"> Format Specification Mini-Language </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-string.html#format-examples');" title="Format examples"> Format examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-string.html#template-strings');" title="Template strings"> Template strings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-string.html#helper-functions');" title="Helper functions"> Helper functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html');" title="re — Regular expression operations"> re — Regular expression operations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#regular-expression-syntax');" title="Regular Expression Syntax"> Regular Expression Syntax </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#module-contents');" title="Module Contents"> Module Contents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#regular-expression-objects');" title="Regular Expression Objects"> Regular Expression Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#match-objects');" title="Match Objects"> Match Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#regular-expression-examples');" title="Regular Expression Examples"> Regular Expression Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#checking-for-a-pair');" title="Checking for a Pair"> Checking for a Pair </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#simulating-scanf');" title="Simulating scanf()"> Simulating scanf() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#search-vs-match');" title="search() vs. match()"> search() vs. match() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#making-a-phonebook');" title="Making a Phonebook"> Making a Phonebook </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#text-munging');" title="Text Munging"> Text Munging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#finding-all-adverbs');" title="Finding all Adverbs"> Finding all Adverbs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#finding-all-adverbs-and-their-positions');" title="Finding all Adverbs and their Positions"> Finding all Adverbs and their Positions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#raw-string-notation');" title="Raw String Notation"> Raw String Notation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-re.html#writing-a-tokenizer');" title="Writing a Tokenizer"> Writing a Tokenizer </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-difflib.html');" title="difflib — Helpers for computing deltas"> difflib — Helpers for computing deltas </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-difflib.html#sequencematcher-objects');" title="SequenceMatcher Objects"> SequenceMatcher Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-difflib.html#sequencematcher-examples');" title="SequenceMatcher Examples"> SequenceMatcher Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-difflib.html#differ-objects');" title="Differ Objects"> Differ Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-difflib.html#differ-example');" title="Differ Example"> Differ Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-difflib.html#a-command-line-interface-to-difflib');" title="A command-line interface to difflib"> A command-line interface to difflib </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-textwrap.html');" title="textwrap — Text wrapping and filling"> textwrap — Text wrapping and filling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unicodedata.html');" title="unicodedata — Unicode Database"> unicodedata — Unicode Database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stringprep.html');" title="stringprep — Internet String Preparation"> stringprep — Internet String Preparation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-readline.html');" title="readline — GNU readline interface"> readline — GNU readline interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-readline.html#init-file');" title="Init file"> Init file </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-readline.html#line-buffer');" title="Line buffer"> Line buffer </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-readline.html#history-file');" title="History file"> History file </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-readline.html#history-list');" title="History list"> History list </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-readline.html#startup-hooks');" title="Startup hooks"> Startup hooks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-readline.html#completion');" title="Completion"> Completion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-readline.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-rlcompleter.html');" title="rlcompleter — Completion function for GNU readline"> rlcompleter — Completion function for GNU readline </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-rlcompleter.html#completer-objects');" title="Completer Objects"> Completer Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-binary.html');" title="Binary Data Services"> Binary Data Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-struct.html');" title="struct — Interpret bytes as packed binary data"> struct — Interpret bytes as packed binary data </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-struct.html#functions-and-exceptions');" title="Functions and Exceptions"> Functions and Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-struct.html#format-strings');" title="Format Strings"> Format Strings </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-struct.html#byte-order-size-and-alignment');" title="Byte Order, Size, and Alignment"> Byte Order, Size, and Alignment </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-struct.html#format-characters');" title="Format Characters"> Format Characters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-struct.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-struct.html#classes');" title="Classes"> Classes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html');" title="codecs — Codec registry and base classes"> codecs — Codec registry and base classes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#codec-base-classes');" title="Codec Base Classes"> Codec Base Classes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#error-handlers');" title="Error Handlers"> Error Handlers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#stateless-encoding-and-decoding');" title="Stateless Encoding and Decoding"> Stateless Encoding and Decoding </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#incremental-encoding-and-decoding');" title="Incremental Encoding and Decoding"> Incremental Encoding and Decoding </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#incrementalencoder-objects');" title="IncrementalEncoder Objects"> IncrementalEncoder Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#incrementaldecoder-objects');" title="IncrementalDecoder Objects"> IncrementalDecoder Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#stream-encoding-and-decoding');" title="Stream Encoding and Decoding"> Stream Encoding and Decoding </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#streamwriter-objects');" title="StreamWriter Objects"> StreamWriter Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#streamreader-objects');" title="StreamReader Objects"> StreamReader Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#streamreaderwriter-objects');" title="StreamReaderWriter Objects"> StreamReaderWriter Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#streamrecoder-objects');" title="StreamRecoder Objects"> StreamRecoder Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#encodings-and-unicode');" title="Encodings and Unicode"> Encodings and Unicode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#standard-encodings');" title="Standard Encodings"> Standard Encodings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#python-specific-encodings');" title="Python Specific Encodings"> Python Specific Encodings </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#text-encodings');" title="Text Encodings"> Text Encodings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#binary-transforms');" title="Binary Transforms"> Binary Transforms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#text-transforms');" title="Text Transforms"> Text Transforms </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#module-encodings.idna');" title="encodings.idna — Internationalized Domain Names in Applications"> encodings.idna — Internationalized Domain Names in Applications </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#module-encodings.mbcs');" title="encodings.mbcs — Windows ANSI codepage"> encodings.mbcs — Windows ANSI codepage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codecs.html#module-encodings.utf_8_sig');" title="encodings.utf_8_sig — UTF-8 codec with BOM signature"> encodings.utf_8_sig — UTF-8 codec with BOM signature </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datatypes.html');" title="Data Types"> Data Types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html');" title="datetime — Basic date and time types"> datetime — Basic date and time types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#aware-and-naive-objects');" title="Aware and Naive Objects"> Aware and Naive Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#available-types');" title="Available Types"> Available Types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#common-properties');" title="Common Properties"> Common Properties </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#determining-if-an-object-is-aware-or-naive');" title="Determining if an Object is Aware or Naive"> Determining if an Object is Aware or Naive </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#timedelta-objects');" title="timedelta Objects"> timedelta Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#examples-of-usage-timedelta');" title="Examples of usage: timedelta"> Examples of usage: timedelta </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#date-objects');" title="date Objects"> date Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#examples-of-usage-date');" title="Examples of Usage: date"> Examples of Usage: date </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#datetime-objects');" title="datetime Objects"> datetime Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#examples-of-usage-datetime');" title="Examples of Usage: datetime"> Examples of Usage: datetime </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#time-objects');" title="time Objects"> time Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#examples-of-usage-time');" title="Examples of Usage: time"> Examples of Usage: time </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#tzinfo-objects');" title="tzinfo Objects"> tzinfo Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#timezone-objects');" title="timezone Objects"> timezone Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime-behavior');" title="strftime() and strptime() Behavior"> strftime() and strptime() Behavior </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime-format-codes');" title="strftime() and strptime() Format Codes"> strftime() and strptime() Format Codes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-datetime.html#technical-detail');" title="Technical Detail"> Technical Detail </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-calendar.html');" title="calendar — General calendar-related functions"> calendar — General calendar-related functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html');" title="collections — Container datatypes"> collections — Container datatypes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#chainmap-objects');" title="ChainMap objects"> ChainMap objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#chainmap-examples-and-recipes');" title="ChainMap Examples and Recipes"> ChainMap Examples and Recipes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#counter-objects');" title="Counter objects"> Counter objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#deque-objects');" title="deque objects"> deque objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#deque-recipes');" title="deque Recipes"> deque Recipes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#defaultdict-objects');" title="defaultdict objects"> defaultdict objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#defaultdict-examples');" title="defaultdict Examples"> defaultdict Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#namedtuple-factory-function-for-tuples-with-named-fields');" title="namedtuple() Factory Function for Tuples with Named Fields"> namedtuple() Factory Function for Tuples with Named Fields </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#ordereddict-objects');" title="OrderedDict objects"> OrderedDict objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#ordereddict-examples-and-recipes');" title="OrderedDict Examples and Recipes"> OrderedDict Examples and Recipes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#userdict-objects');" title="UserDict objects"> UserDict objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#userlist-objects');" title="UserList objects"> UserList objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.html#userstring-objects');" title="UserString objects"> UserString objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.abc.html');" title="collections.abc — Abstract Base Classes for Containers"> collections.abc — Abstract Base Classes for Containers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-collections.abc.html#collections-abstract-base-classes');" title="Collections Abstract Base Classes"> Collections Abstract Base Classes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-heapq.html');" title="heapq — Heap queue algorithm"> heapq — Heap queue algorithm </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-heapq.html#basic-examples');" title="Basic Examples"> Basic Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-heapq.html#priority-queue-implementation-notes');" title="Priority Queue Implementation Notes"> Priority Queue Implementation Notes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-heapq.html#theory');" title="Theory"> Theory </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bisect.html');" title="bisect — Array bisection algorithm"> bisect — Array bisection algorithm </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bisect.html#searching-sorted-lists');" title="Searching Sorted Lists"> Searching Sorted Lists </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bisect.html#other-examples');" title="Other Examples"> Other Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-array.html');" title="array — Efficient arrays of numeric values"> array — Efficient arrays of numeric values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-weakref.html');" title="weakref — Weak references"> weakref — Weak references </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-weakref.html#weak-reference-objects');" title="Weak Reference Objects"> Weak Reference Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-weakref.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-weakref.html#finalizer-objects');" title="Finalizer Objects"> Finalizer Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-weakref.html#comparing-finalizers-with-del-methods');" title="Comparing finalizers with __del__() methods"> Comparing finalizers with __del__() methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-types.html');" title="types — Dynamic type creation and names for built-in types"> types — Dynamic type creation and names for built-in types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-types.html#dynamic-type-creation');" title="Dynamic Type Creation"> Dynamic Type Creation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-types.html#standard-interpreter-types');" title="Standard Interpreter Types"> Standard Interpreter Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-types.html#additional-utility-classes-and-functions');" title="Additional Utility Classes and Functions"> Additional Utility Classes and Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-types.html#coroutine-utility-functions');" title="Coroutine Utility Functions"> Coroutine Utility Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-copy.html');" title="copy — Shallow and deep copy operations"> copy — Shallow and deep copy operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pprint.html');" title="pprint — Data pretty printer"> pprint — Data pretty printer </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pprint.html#prettyprinter-objects');" title="PrettyPrinter Objects"> PrettyPrinter Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pprint.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-reprlib.html');" title="reprlib — Alternate repr() implementation"> reprlib — Alternate repr() implementation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-reprlib.html#repr-objects');" title="Repr Objects"> Repr Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-reprlib.html#subclassing-repr-objects');" title="Subclassing Repr Objects"> Subclassing Repr Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html');" title="enum — Support for enumerations"> enum — Support for enumerations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#module-contents');" title="Module Contents"> Module Contents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#creating-an-enum');" title="Creating an Enum"> Creating an Enum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#programmatic-access-to-enumeration-members-and-their-attributes');" title="Programmatic access to enumeration members and their attributes"> Programmatic access to enumeration members and their attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#duplicating-enum-members-and-values');" title="Duplicating enum members and values"> Duplicating enum members and values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#ensuring-unique-enumeration-values');" title="Ensuring unique enumeration values"> Ensuring unique enumeration values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#using-automatic-values');" title="Using automatic values"> Using automatic values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#iteration');" title="Iteration"> Iteration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#comparisons');" title="Comparisons"> Comparisons </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#allowed-members-and-attributes-of-enumerations');" title="Allowed members and attributes of enumerations"> Allowed members and attributes of enumerations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#restricted-enum-subclassing');" title="Restricted Enum subclassing"> Restricted Enum subclassing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#pickling');" title="Pickling"> Pickling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#functional-api');" title="Functional API"> Functional API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#derived-enumerations');" title="Derived Enumerations"> Derived Enumerations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#intenum');" title="IntEnum"> IntEnum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#intflag');" title="IntFlag"> IntFlag </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#flag');" title="Flag"> Flag </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#others');" title="Others"> Others </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#when-to-use-new-vs-init');" title="When to use __new__() vs. __init__()"> When to use __new__() vs. __init__() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#interesting-examples');" title="Interesting examples"> Interesting examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#omitting-values');" title="Omitting values"> Omitting values </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#using-auto');" title="Using auto"> Using auto </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#using-object');" title="Using object"> Using object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#using-a-descriptive-string');" title="Using a descriptive string"> Using a descriptive string </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#using-a-custom-new');" title="Using a custom __new__()"> Using a custom __new__() </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#orderedenum');" title="OrderedEnum"> OrderedEnum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#duplicatefreeenum');" title="DuplicateFreeEnum"> DuplicateFreeEnum </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#planet');" title="Planet"> Planet </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#timeperiod');" title="TimePeriod"> TimePeriod </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#how-are-enums-different');" title="How are Enums different?"> How are Enums different? </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#enum-classes');" title="Enum Classes"> Enum Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#enum-members-aka-instances');" title="Enum Members (aka instances)"> Enum Members (aka instances) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#finer-points');" title="Finer Points"> Finer Points </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#supported-dunder-names');" title="Supported __dunder__ names"> Supported __dunder__ names </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#supported-sunder-names');" title="Supported _sunder_ names"> Supported _sunder_ names </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#enum-member-type');" title="Enum member type"> Enum member type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#boolean-value-of-enum-classes-and-members');" title="Boolean value of Enum classes and members"> Boolean value of Enum classes and members </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#enum-classes-with-methods');" title="Enum classes with methods"> Enum classes with methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-enum.html#combining-members-of-flag');" title="Combining members of Flag"> Combining members of Flag </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-numeric.html');" title="Numeric and Mathematical Modules"> Numeric and Mathematical Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-numbers.html');" title="numbers — Numeric abstract base classes"> numbers — Numeric abstract base classes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-numbers.html#the-numeric-tower');" title="The numeric tower"> The numeric tower </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-numbers.html#notes-for-type-implementors');" title="Notes for type implementors"> Notes for type implementors </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-numbers.html#adding-more-numeric-abcs');" title="Adding More Numeric ABCs"> Adding More Numeric ABCs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-numbers.html#implementing-the-arithmetic-operations');" title="Implementing the arithmetic operations"> Implementing the arithmetic operations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-math.html');" title="math — Mathematical functions"> math — Mathematical functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-math.html#number-theoretic-and-representation-functions');" title="Number-theoretic and representation functions"> Number-theoretic and representation functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-math.html#power-and-logarithmic-functions');" title="Power and logarithmic functions"> Power and logarithmic functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-math.html#trigonometric-functions');" title="Trigonometric functions"> Trigonometric functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-math.html#angular-conversion');" title="Angular conversion"> Angular conversion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-math.html#hyperbolic-functions');" title="Hyperbolic functions"> Hyperbolic functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-math.html#special-functions');" title="Special functions"> Special functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-math.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmath.html');" title="cmath — Mathematical functions for complex numbers"> cmath — Mathematical functions for complex numbers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmath.html#conversions-to-and-from-polar-coordinates');" title="Conversions to and from polar coordinates"> Conversions to and from polar coordinates </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmath.html#power-and-logarithmic-functions');" title="Power and logarithmic functions"> Power and logarithmic functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmath.html#trigonometric-functions');" title="Trigonometric functions"> Trigonometric functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmath.html#hyperbolic-functions');" title="Hyperbolic functions"> Hyperbolic functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmath.html#classification-functions');" title="Classification functions"> Classification functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmath.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html');" title="decimal — Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic"> decimal — Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#quick-start-tutorial');" title="Quick-start Tutorial"> Quick-start Tutorial </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#decimal-objects');" title="Decimal objects"> Decimal objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#logical-operands');" title="Logical operands"> Logical operands </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#context-objects');" title="Context objects"> Context objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#rounding-modes');" title="Rounding modes"> Rounding modes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#signals');" title="Signals"> Signals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#floating-point-notes');" title="Floating Point Notes"> Floating Point Notes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#mitigating-round-off-error-with-increased-precision');" title="Mitigating round-off error with increased precision"> Mitigating round-off error with increased precision </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#special-values');" title="Special values"> Special values </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#working-with-threads');" title="Working with threads"> Working with threads </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#recipes');" title="Recipes"> Recipes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-decimal.html#decimal-faq');" title="Decimal FAQ"> Decimal FAQ </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-fractions.html');" title="fractions — Rational numbers"> fractions — Rational numbers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-random.html');" title="random — Generate pseudo-random numbers"> random — Generate pseudo-random numbers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-random.html#bookkeeping-functions');" title="Bookkeeping functions"> Bookkeeping functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-random.html#functions-for-integers');" title="Functions for integers"> Functions for integers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-random.html#functions-for-sequences');" title="Functions for sequences"> Functions for sequences </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-random.html#real-valued-distributions');" title="Real-valued distributions"> Real-valued distributions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-random.html#alternative-generator');" title="Alternative Generator"> Alternative Generator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-random.html#notes-on-reproducibility');" title="Notes on Reproducibility"> Notes on Reproducibility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-random.html#examples-and-recipes');" title="Examples and Recipes"> Examples and Recipes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-statistics.html');" title="statistics — Mathematical statistics functions"> statistics — Mathematical statistics functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-statistics.html#averages-and-measures-of-central-location');" title="Averages and measures of central location"> Averages and measures of central location </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-statistics.html#measures-of-spread');" title="Measures of spread"> Measures of spread </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-statistics.html#function-details');" title="Function details"> Function details </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-statistics.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-statistics.html#normaldist-objects');" title="NormalDist objects"> NormalDist objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-statistics.html#normaldist-examples-and-recipes');" title="NormalDist Examples and Recipes"> NormalDist Examples and Recipes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-functional.html');" title="Functional Programming Modules"> Functional Programming Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-itertools.html');" title="itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping"> itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-itertools.html#itertool-functions');" title="Itertool functions"> Itertool functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-itertools.html#itertools-recipes');" title="Itertools Recipes"> Itertools Recipes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-functools.html');" title="functools — Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects"> functools — Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-functools.html#partial-objects');" title="partial Objects"> partial Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-operator.html');" title="operator — Standard operators as functions"> operator — Standard operators as functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-operator.html#mapping-operators-to-functions');" title="Mapping Operators to Functions"> Mapping Operators to Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-operator.html#in-place-operators');" title="In-place Operators"> In-place Operators </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-filesys.html');" title="File and Directory Access"> File and Directory Access </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html');" title="pathlib — Object-oriented filesystem paths"> pathlib — Object-oriented filesystem paths </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#basic-use');" title="Basic use"> Basic use </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#pure-paths');" title="Pure paths"> Pure paths </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#general-properties');" title="General properties"> General properties </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#operators');" title="Operators"> Operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#accessing-individual-parts');" title="Accessing individual parts"> Accessing individual parts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#methods-and-properties');" title="Methods and properties"> Methods and properties </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#concrete-paths');" title="Concrete paths"> Concrete paths </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#methods');" title="Methods"> Methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pathlib.html#correspondence-to-tools-in-the-os-module');" title="Correspondence to tools in the os module"> Correspondence to tools in the os module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.path.html');" title="os.path — Common pathname manipulations"> os.path — Common pathname manipulations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-fileinput.html');" title="fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams"> fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-stat.html');" title="stat — Interpreting stat() results"> stat — Interpreting stat() results </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-filecmp.html');" title="filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons"> filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-filecmp.html#the-dircmp-class');" title="The dircmp class"> The dircmp class </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tempfile.html');" title="tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories"> tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tempfile.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tempfile.html#deprecated-functions-and-variables');" title="Deprecated functions and variables"> Deprecated functions and variables </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-glob.html');" title="glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansion"> glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-fnmatch.html');" title="fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching"> fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-linecache.html');" title="linecache — Random access to text lines"> linecache — Random access to text lines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html');" title="shutil — High-level file operations"> shutil — High-level file operations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html#directory-and-files-operations');" title="Directory and files operations"> Directory and files operations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html#platform-dependent-efficient-copy-operations');" title="Platform-dependent efficient copy operations"> Platform-dependent efficient copy operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html#copytree-example');" title="copytree example"> copytree example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html#rmtree-example');" title="rmtree example"> rmtree example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html#archiving-operations');" title="Archiving operations"> Archiving operations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html#archiving-example');" title="Archiving example"> Archiving example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html#archiving-example-with-base-dir');" title="Archiving example with base_dir"> Archiving example with base_dir </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shutil.html#querying-the-size-of-the-output-terminal');" title="Querying the size of the output terminal"> Querying the size of the output terminal </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-persistence.html');" title="Data Persistence"> Data Persistence </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html');" title="pickle — Python object serialization"> pickle — Python object serialization </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#relationship-to-other-python-modules');" title="Relationship to other Python modules"> Relationship to other Python modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#comparison-with-marshal');" title="Comparison with marshal"> Comparison with marshal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#comparison-with-json');" title="Comparison with json"> Comparison with json </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#data-stream-format');" title="Data stream format"> Data stream format </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#module-interface');" title="Module Interface"> Module Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#what-can-be-pickled-and-unpickled');" title="What can be pickled and unpickled?"> What can be pickled and unpickled? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#pickling-class-instances');" title="Pickling Class Instances"> Pickling Class Instances </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#persistence-of-external-objects');" title="Persistence of External Objects"> Persistence of External Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#dispatch-tables');" title="Dispatch Tables"> Dispatch Tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#handling-stateful-objects');" title="Handling Stateful Objects"> Handling Stateful Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#custom-reduction-for-types-functions-and-other-objects');" title="Custom Reduction for Types, Functions, and Other Objects"> Custom Reduction for Types, Functions, and Other Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#out-of-band-buffers');" title="Out-of-band Buffers"> Out-of-band Buffers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#provider-api');" title="Provider API"> Provider API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#consumer-api');" title="Consumer API"> Consumer API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#restricting-globals');" title="Restricting Globals"> Restricting Globals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#performance');" title="Performance"> Performance </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickle.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-copyreg.html');" title="copyreg — Register pickle support functions"> copyreg — Register pickle support functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-copyreg.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shelve.html');" title="shelve — Python object persistence"> shelve — Python object persistence </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shelve.html#restrictions');" title="Restrictions"> Restrictions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shelve.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-marshal.html');" title="marshal — Internal Python object serialization"> marshal — Internal Python object serialization </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dbm.html');" title="dbm — Interfaces to Unix “databases”"> dbm — Interfaces to Unix “databases” </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dbm.html#module-dbm.gnu');" title="dbm.gnu — GNU’s reinterpretation of dbm"> dbm.gnu — GNU’s reinterpretation of dbm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dbm.html#module-dbm.ndbm');" title="dbm.ndbm — Interface based on ndbm"> dbm.ndbm — Interface based on ndbm </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dbm.html#module-dbm.dumb');" title="dbm.dumb — Portable DBM implementation"> dbm.dumb — Portable DBM implementation </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html');" title="sqlite3 — DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databases"> sqlite3 — DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databases </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#module-functions-and-constants');" title="Module functions and constants"> Module functions and constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#connection-objects');" title="Connection Objects"> Connection Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#cursor-objects');" title="Cursor Objects"> Cursor Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#row-objects');" title="Row Objects"> Row Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#sqlite-and-python-types');" title="SQLite and Python types"> SQLite and Python types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#using-adapters-to-store-additional-python-types-in-sqlite-databases');" title="Using adapters to store additional Python types in SQLite databases"> Using adapters to store additional Python types in SQLite databases </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#letting-your-object-adapt-itself');" title="Letting your object adapt itself"> Letting your object adapt itself </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#registering-an-adapter-callable');" title="Registering an adapter callable"> Registering an adapter callable </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#converting-sqlite-values-to-custom-python-types');" title="Converting SQLite values to custom Python types"> Converting SQLite values to custom Python types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#default-adapters-and-converters');" title="Default adapters and converters"> Default adapters and converters </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#controlling-transactions');" title="Controlling Transactions"> Controlling Transactions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#using-sqlite3-efficiently');" title="Using sqlite3 efficiently"> Using sqlite3 efficiently </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#using-shortcut-methods');" title="Using shortcut methods"> Using shortcut methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#accessing-columns-by-name-instead-of-by-index');" title="Accessing columns by name instead of by index"> Accessing columns by name instead of by index </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#using-the-connection-as-a-context-manager');" title="Using the connection as a context manager"> Using the connection as a context manager </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#common-issues');" title="Common issues"> Common issues </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sqlite3.html#multithreading');" title="Multithreading"> Multithreading </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-archiving.html');" title="Data Compression and Archiving"> Data Compression and Archiving </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zlib.html');" title="zlib — Compression compatible with gzip"> zlib — Compression compatible with gzip </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gzip.html');" title="gzip — Support for gzip files"> gzip — Support for gzip files </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gzip.html#examples-of-usage');" title="Examples of usage"> Examples of usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gzip.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command Line Interface"> Command Line Interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gzip.html#command-line-options');" title="Command line options"> Command line options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bz2.html');" title="bz2 — Support for bzip2 compression"> bz2 — Support for bzip2 compression </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bz2.html#de-compression-of-files');" title="(De)compression of files"> (De)compression of files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bz2.html#incremental-de-compression');" title="Incremental (de)compression"> Incremental (de)compression </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bz2.html#one-shot-de-compression');" title="One-shot (de)compression"> One-shot (de)compression </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bz2.html#examples-of-usage');" title="Examples of usage"> Examples of usage </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-lzma.html');" title="lzma — Compression using the LZMA algorithm"> lzma — Compression using the LZMA algorithm </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-lzma.html#reading-and-writing-compressed-files');" title="Reading and writing compressed files"> Reading and writing compressed files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-lzma.html#compressing-and-decompressing-data-in-memory');" title="Compressing and decompressing data in memory"> Compressing and decompressing data in memory </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-lzma.html#miscellaneous');" title="Miscellaneous"> Miscellaneous </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-lzma.html#specifying-custom-filter-chains');" title="Specifying custom filter chains"> Specifying custom filter chains </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-lzma.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html');" title="zipfile — Work with ZIP archives"> zipfile — Work with ZIP archives </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#zipfile-objects');" title="ZipFile Objects"> ZipFile Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#path-objects');" title="Path Objects"> Path Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#pyzipfile-objects');" title="PyZipFile Objects"> PyZipFile Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#zipinfo-objects');" title="ZipInfo Objects"> ZipInfo Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command-Line Interface"> Command-Line Interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#command-line-options');" title="Command-line options"> Command-line options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#decompression-pitfalls');" title="Decompression pitfalls"> Decompression pitfalls </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#from-file-itself');" title="From file itself"> From file itself </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#file-system-limitations');" title="File System limitations"> File System limitations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#resources-limitations');" title="Resources limitations"> Resources limitations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#interruption');" title="Interruption"> Interruption </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipfile.html#default-behaviors-of-extraction');" title="Default behaviors of extraction"> Default behaviors of extraction </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tarfile.html');" title="tarfile — Read and write tar archive files"> tarfile — Read and write tar archive files </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tarfile.html#tarfile-objects');" title="TarFile Objects"> TarFile Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tarfile.html#tarinfo-objects');" title="TarInfo Objects"> TarInfo Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tarfile.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command-Line Interface"> Command-Line Interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tarfile.html#command-line-options');" title="Command-line options"> Command-line options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tarfile.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tarfile.html#supported-tar-formats');" title="Supported tar formats"> Supported tar formats </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tarfile.html#unicode-issues');" title="Unicode issues"> Unicode issues </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-fileformats.html');" title="File Formats"> File Formats </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-csv.html');" title="csv — CSV File Reading and Writing"> csv — CSV File Reading and Writing </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-csv.html#module-contents');" title="Module Contents"> Module Contents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-csv.html#dialects-and-formatting-parameters');" title="Dialects and Formatting Parameters"> Dialects and Formatting Parameters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-csv.html#reader-objects');" title="Reader Objects"> Reader Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-csv.html#writer-objects');" title="Writer Objects"> Writer Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-csv.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html');" title="configparser — Configuration file parser"> configparser — Configuration file parser </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#quick-start');" title="Quick Start"> Quick Start </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#supported-datatypes');" title="Supported Datatypes"> Supported Datatypes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#fallback-values');" title="Fallback Values"> Fallback Values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#supported-ini-file-structure');" title="Supported INI File Structure"> Supported INI File Structure </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#interpolation-of-values');" title="Interpolation of values"> Interpolation of values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#mapping-protocol-access');" title="Mapping Protocol Access"> Mapping Protocol Access </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#customizing-parser-behaviour');" title="Customizing Parser Behaviour"> Customizing Parser Behaviour </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#legacy-api-examples');" title="Legacy API Examples"> Legacy API Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#configparser-objects');" title="ConfigParser Objects"> ConfigParser Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#rawconfigparser-objects');" title="RawConfigParser Objects"> RawConfigParser Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-configparser.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-netrc.html');" title="netrc — netrc file processing"> netrc — netrc file processing </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-netrc.html#netrc-objects');" title="netrc Objects"> netrc Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xdrlib.html');" title="xdrlib — Encode and decode XDR data"> xdrlib — Encode and decode XDR data </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xdrlib.html#packer-objects');" title="Packer Objects"> Packer Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xdrlib.html#unpacker-objects');" title="Unpacker Objects"> Unpacker Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xdrlib.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-plistlib.html');" title="plistlib — Generate and parse Mac OS X .plist files"> plistlib — Generate and parse Mac OS X .plist files </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-plistlib.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-crypto.html');" title="Cryptographic Services"> Cryptographic Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html');" title="hashlib — Secure hashes and message digests"> hashlib — Secure hashes and message digests </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#hash-algorithms');" title="Hash algorithms"> Hash algorithms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#shake-variable-length-digests');" title="SHAKE variable length digests"> SHAKE variable length digests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#key-derivation');" title="Key derivation"> Key derivation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#blake2');" title="BLAKE2"> BLAKE2 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#creating-hash-objects');" title="Creating hash objects"> Creating hash objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#simple-hashing');" title="Simple hashing"> Simple hashing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#using-different-digest-sizes');" title="Using different digest sizes"> Using different digest sizes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#keyed-hashing');" title="Keyed hashing"> Keyed hashing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#randomized-hashing');" title="Randomized hashing"> Randomized hashing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#personalization');" title="Personalization"> Personalization </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#tree-mode');" title="Tree mode"> Tree mode </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hashlib.html#credits');" title="Credits"> Credits </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-hmac.html');" title="hmac — Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication"> hmac — Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-secrets.html');" title="secrets — Generate secure random numbers for managing secrets"> secrets — Generate secure random numbers for managing secrets </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-secrets.html#random-numbers');" title="Random numbers"> Random numbers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-secrets.html#generating-tokens');" title="Generating tokens"> Generating tokens </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-secrets.html#how-many-bytes-should-tokens-use');" title="How many bytes should tokens use?"> How many bytes should tokens use? </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-secrets.html#other-functions');" title="Other functions"> Other functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-secrets.html#recipes-and-best-practices');" title="Recipes and best practices"> Recipes and best practices </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-allos.html');" title="Generic Operating System Services"> Generic Operating System Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html');" title="os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces"> os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#file-names-command-line-arguments-and-environment-variables');" title="File Names, Command Line Arguments, and Environment Variables"> File Names, Command Line Arguments, and Environment Variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#process-parameters');" title="Process Parameters"> Process Parameters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#file-object-creation');" title="File Object Creation"> File Object Creation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#file-descriptor-operations');" title="File Descriptor Operations"> File Descriptor Operations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#querying-the-size-of-a-terminal');" title="Querying the size of a terminal"> Querying the size of a terminal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#inheritance-of-file-descriptors');" title="Inheritance of File Descriptors"> Inheritance of File Descriptors </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#files-and-directories');" title="Files and Directories"> Files and Directories </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#linux-extended-attributes');" title="Linux extended attributes"> Linux extended attributes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#process-management');" title="Process Management"> Process Management </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#interface-to-the-scheduler');" title="Interface to the scheduler"> Interface to the scheduler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#miscellaneous-system-information');" title="Miscellaneous System Information"> Miscellaneous System Information </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-os.html#random-numbers');" title="Random numbers"> Random numbers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html');" title="io — Core tools for working with streams"> io — Core tools for working with streams </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#overview');" title="Overview"> Overview </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#text-i-o');" title="Text I/O"> Text I/O </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#binary-i-o');" title="Binary I/O"> Binary I/O </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#raw-i-o');" title="Raw I/O"> Raw I/O </a> </li>
 </ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#high-level-module-interface');" title="High-level Module Interface"> High-level Module Interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#in-memory-streams');" title="In-memory streams"> In-memory streams </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#class-hierarchy');" title="Class hierarchy"> Class hierarchy </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#i-o-base-classes');" title="I/O Base Classes"> I/O Base Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#raw-file-i-o');" title="Raw File I/O"> Raw File I/O </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#buffered-streams');" title="Buffered Streams"> Buffered Streams </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#id1');" title="Text I/O"> Text I/O </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#performance');" title="Performance"> Performance </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#id2');" title="Binary I/O"> Binary I/O </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#id3');" title="Text I/O"> Text I/O </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#multi-threading');" title="Multi-threading"> Multi-threading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-io.html#reentrancy');" title="Reentrancy"> Reentrancy </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-time.html');" title="time — Time access and conversions"> time — Time access and conversions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-time.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-time.html#clock-id-constants');" title="Clock ID Constants"> Clock ID Constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-time.html#timezone-constants');" title="Timezone Constants"> Timezone Constants </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html');" title="argparse — Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands"> argparse — Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#creating-a-parser');" title="Creating a parser"> Creating a parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#adding-arguments');" title="Adding arguments"> Adding arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#parsing-arguments');" title="Parsing arguments"> Parsing arguments </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#argumentparser-objects');" title="ArgumentParser objects"> ArgumentParser objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#prog');" title="prog"> prog </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#usage');" title="usage"> usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#description');" title="description"> description </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#epilog');" title="epilog"> epilog </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#parents');" title="parents"> parents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#formatter-class');" title="formatter_class"> formatter_class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#prefix-chars');" title="prefix_chars"> prefix_chars </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#fromfile-prefix-chars');" title="fromfile_prefix_chars"> fromfile_prefix_chars </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#argument-default');" title="argument_default"> argument_default </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#allow-abbrev');" title="allow_abbrev"> allow_abbrev </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#conflict-handler');" title="conflict_handler"> conflict_handler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#add-help');" title="add_help"> add_help </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#the-add-argument-method');" title="The add_argument() method"> The add_argument() method </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#name-or-flags');" title="name or flags"> name or flags </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#action');" title="action"> action </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#nargs');" title="nargs"> nargs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#const');" title="const"> const </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#default');" title="default"> default </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#type');" title="type"> type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#choices');" title="choices"> choices </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#required');" title="required"> required </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#help');" title="help"> help </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#metavar');" title="metavar"> metavar </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#dest');" title="dest"> dest </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#action-classes');" title="Action classes"> Action classes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#the-parse-args-method');" title="The parse_args() method"> The parse_args() method </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#option-value-syntax');" title="Option value syntax"> Option value syntax </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#invalid-arguments');" title="Invalid arguments"> Invalid arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#arguments-containing');" title="Arguments containing -"> Arguments containing - </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#argument-abbreviations-prefix-matching');" title="Argument abbreviations (prefix matching)"> Argument abbreviations (prefix matching) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#beyond-sys-argv');" title="Beyond sys.argv"> Beyond sys.argv </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#the-namespace-object');" title="The Namespace object"> The Namespace object </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#other-utilities');" title="Other utilities"> Other utilities </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#sub-commands');" title="Sub-commands"> Sub-commands </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#filetype-objects');" title="FileType objects"> FileType objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#argument-groups');" title="Argument groups"> Argument groups </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#mutual-exclusion');" title="Mutual exclusion"> Mutual exclusion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#parser-defaults');" title="Parser defaults"> Parser defaults </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#printing-help');" title="Printing help"> Printing help </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#partial-parsing');" title="Partial parsing"> Partial parsing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#customizing-file-parsing');" title="Customizing file parsing"> Customizing file parsing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#exiting-methods');" title="Exiting methods"> Exiting methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#intermixed-parsing');" title="Intermixed parsing"> Intermixed parsing </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-argparse.html#upgrading-optparse-code');" title="Upgrading optparse code"> Upgrading optparse code </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-getopt.html');" title="getopt — C-style parser for command line options"> getopt — C-style parser for command line options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html');" title="logging — Logging facility for Python"> logging — Logging facility for Python </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#logger-objects');" title="Logger Objects"> Logger Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#logging-levels');" title="Logging Levels"> Logging Levels </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#handler-objects');" title="Handler Objects"> Handler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#formatter-objects');" title="Formatter Objects"> Formatter Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#filter-objects');" title="Filter Objects"> Filter Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#logrecord-objects');" title="LogRecord Objects"> LogRecord Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#logrecord-attributes');" title="LogRecord attributes"> LogRecord attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#loggeradapter-objects');" title="LoggerAdapter Objects"> LoggerAdapter Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#thread-safety');" title="Thread Safety"> Thread Safety </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#module-level-functions');" title="Module-Level Functions"> Module-Level Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#module-level-attributes');" title="Module-Level Attributes"> Module-Level Attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.html#integration-with-the-warnings-module');" title="Integration with the warnings module"> Integration with the warnings module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html');" title="logging.config — Logging configuration"> logging.config — Logging configuration </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#configuration-functions');" title="Configuration functions"> Configuration functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#configuration-dictionary-schema');" title="Configuration dictionary schema"> Configuration dictionary schema </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#dictionary-schema-details');" title="Dictionary Schema Details"> Dictionary Schema Details </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#incremental-configuration');" title="Incremental Configuration"> Incremental Configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#object-connections');" title="Object connections"> Object connections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#user-defined-objects');" title="User-defined objects"> User-defined objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#access-to-external-objects');" title="Access to external objects"> Access to external objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#access-to-internal-objects');" title="Access to internal objects"> Access to internal objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#import-resolution-and-custom-importers');" title="Import resolution and custom importers"> Import resolution and custom importers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.config.html#configuration-file-format');" title="Configuration file format"> Configuration file format </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html');" title="logging.handlers — Logging handlers"> logging.handlers — Logging handlers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#streamhandler');" title="StreamHandler"> StreamHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#filehandler');" title="FileHandler"> FileHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#nullhandler');" title="NullHandler"> NullHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#watchedfilehandler');" title="WatchedFileHandler"> WatchedFileHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#baserotatinghandler');" title="BaseRotatingHandler"> BaseRotatingHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#rotatingfilehandler');" title="RotatingFileHandler"> RotatingFileHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#timedrotatingfilehandler');" title="TimedRotatingFileHandler"> TimedRotatingFileHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#sockethandler');" title="SocketHandler"> SocketHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#datagramhandler');" title="DatagramHandler"> DatagramHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#sysloghandler');" title="SysLogHandler"> SysLogHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#nteventloghandler');" title="NTEventLogHandler"> NTEventLogHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#smtphandler');" title="SMTPHandler"> SMTPHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#memoryhandler');" title="MemoryHandler"> MemoryHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#httphandler');" title="HTTPHandler"> HTTPHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#queuehandler');" title="QueueHandler"> QueueHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-logging.handlers.html#queuelistener');" title="QueueListener"> QueueListener </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-getpass.html');" title="getpass — Portable password input"> getpass — Portable password input </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.html');" title="curses — Terminal handling for character-cell displays"> curses — Terminal handling for character-cell displays </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.html#window-objects');" title="Window Objects"> Window Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.html#module-curses.textpad');" title="curses.textpad — Text input widget for curses programs"> curses.textpad — Text input widget for curses programs </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.html#textbox-objects');" title="Textbox objects"> Textbox objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.ascii.html');" title="curses.ascii — Utilities for ASCII characters"> curses.ascii — Utilities for ASCII characters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.panel.html');" title="curses.panel — A panel stack extension for curses"> curses.panel — A panel stack extension for curses </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.panel.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-curses.panel.html#panel-objects');" title="Panel Objects"> Panel Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-platform.html');" title="platform — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data"> platform — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-platform.html#cross-platform');" title="Cross Platform"> Cross Platform </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-platform.html#java-platform');" title="Java Platform"> Java Platform </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-platform.html#windows-platform');" title="Windows Platform"> Windows Platform </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-platform.html#mac-os-platform');" title="Mac OS Platform"> Mac OS Platform </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-platform.html#unix-platforms');" title="Unix Platforms"> Unix Platforms </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-errno.html');" title="errno — Standard errno system symbols"> errno — Standard errno system symbols </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html');" title="ctypes — A foreign function library for Python"> ctypes — A foreign function library for Python </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#ctypes-tutorial');" title="ctypes tutorial"> ctypes tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#loading-dynamic-link-libraries');" title="Loading dynamic link libraries"> Loading dynamic link libraries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#accessing-functions-from-loaded-dlls');" title="Accessing functions from loaded dlls"> Accessing functions from loaded dlls </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#calling-functions');" title="Calling functions"> Calling functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#fundamental-data-types');" title="Fundamental data types"> Fundamental data types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#calling-functions-continued');" title="Calling functions, continued"> Calling functions, continued </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#calling-functions-with-your-own-custom-data-types');" title="Calling functions with your own custom data types"> Calling functions with your own custom data types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#specifying-the-required-argument-types-function-prototypes');" title="Specifying the required argument types (function prototypes)"> Specifying the required argument types (function prototypes) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#return-types');" title="Return types"> Return types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#passing-pointers-or-passing-parameters-by-reference');" title="Passing pointers (or: passing parameters by reference)"> Passing pointers (or: passing parameters by reference) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#structures-and-unions');" title="Structures and unions"> Structures and unions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#structure-union-alignment-and-byte-order');" title="Structure/union alignment and byte order"> Structure/union alignment and byte order </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#bit-fields-in-structures-and-unions');" title="Bit fields in structures and unions"> Bit fields in structures and unions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#arrays');" title="Arrays"> Arrays </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#pointers');" title="Pointers"> Pointers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#type-conversions');" title="Type conversions"> Type conversions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#incomplete-types');" title="Incomplete Types"> Incomplete Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#callback-functions');" title="Callback functions"> Callback functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#accessing-values-exported-from-dlls');" title="Accessing values exported from dlls"> Accessing values exported from dlls </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#surprises');" title="Surprises"> Surprises </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#variable-sized-data-types');" title="Variable-sized data types"> Variable-sized data types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#ctypes-reference');" title="ctypes reference"> ctypes reference </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#finding-shared-libraries');" title="Finding shared libraries"> Finding shared libraries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#loading-shared-libraries');" title="Loading shared libraries"> Loading shared libraries </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#foreign-functions');" title="Foreign functions"> Foreign functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#function-prototypes');" title="Function prototypes"> Function prototypes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#utility-functions');" title="Utility functions"> Utility functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#data-types');" title="Data types"> Data types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#ctypes-fundamental-data-types-2');" title="Fundamental data types"> Fundamental data types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#structured-data-types');" title="Structured data types"> Structured data types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ctypes.html#arrays-and-pointers');" title="Arrays and pointers"> Arrays and pointers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrency.html');" title="Concurrent Execution"> Concurrent Execution </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html');" title="threading — Thread-based parallelism"> threading — Thread-based parallelism </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#thread-local-data');" title="Thread-Local Data"> Thread-Local Data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#thread-objects');" title="Thread Objects"> Thread Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#lock-objects');" title="Lock Objects"> Lock Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#rlock-objects');" title="RLock Objects"> RLock Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#condition-objects');" title="Condition Objects"> Condition Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#semaphore-objects');" title="Semaphore Objects"> Semaphore Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#semaphore-example');" title="Semaphore Example"> Semaphore Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#event-objects');" title="Event Objects"> Event Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#timer-objects');" title="Timer Objects"> Timer Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#barrier-objects');" title="Barrier Objects"> Barrier Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-threading.html#using-locks-conditions-and-semaphores-in-the-with-statement');" title="Using locks, conditions, and semaphores in the with statement"> Using locks, conditions, and semaphores in the with statement </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html');" title="multiprocessing — Process-based parallelism"> multiprocessing — Process-based parallelism </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#the-process-class');" title="The Process class"> The Process class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#contexts-and-start-methods');" title="Contexts and start methods"> Contexts and start methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#exchanging-objects-between-processes');" title="Exchanging objects between processes"> Exchanging objects between processes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#synchronization-between-processes');" title="Synchronization between processes"> Synchronization between processes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#sharing-state-between-processes');" title="Sharing state between processes"> Sharing state between processes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#using-a-pool-of-workers');" title="Using a pool of workers"> Using a pool of workers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#reference');" title="Reference"> Reference </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#process-and-exceptions');" title="Process and exceptions"> Process and exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#pipes-and-queues');" title="Pipes and Queues"> Pipes and Queues </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#miscellaneous');" title="Miscellaneous"> Miscellaneous </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#connection-objects');" title="Connection Objects"> Connection Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#synchronization-primitives');" title="Synchronization primitives"> Synchronization primitives </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#shared-ctypes-objects');" title="Shared ctypes Objects"> Shared ctypes Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.sharedctypes');" title="The multiprocessing.sharedctypes module"> The multiprocessing.sharedctypes module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#managers');" title="Managers"> Managers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#customized-managers');" title="Customized managers"> Customized managers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#using-a-remote-manager');" title="Using a remote manager"> Using a remote manager </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#proxy-objects');" title="Proxy Objects"> Proxy Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#cleanup');" title="Cleanup"> Cleanup </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
 <li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.pool');" title="Process Pools"> Process Pools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.connection');" title="Listeners and Clients"> Listeners and Clients </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#address-formats');" title="Address Formats"> Address Formats </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#authentication-keys');" title="Authentication keys"> Authentication keys </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#logging');" title="Logging"> Logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.dummy');" title="The multiprocessing.dummy module"> The multiprocessing.dummy module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#programming-guidelines');" title="Programming guidelines"> Programming guidelines </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#all-start-methods');" title="All start methods"> All start methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#the-spawn-and-forkserver-start-methods');" title="The spawn and forkserver start methods"> The spawn and forkserver start methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-multiprocessing.shared_memory.html');" title="multiprocessing.shared_memory — Provides shared memory for direct access across processes"> multiprocessing.shared_memory — Provides shared memory for direct access across processes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.html');" title="The concurrent package"> The concurrent package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html');" title="concurrent.futures — Launching parallel tasks"> concurrent.futures — Launching parallel tasks </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html#executor-objects');" title="Executor Objects"> Executor Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html#threadpoolexecutor');" title="ThreadPoolExecutor"> ThreadPoolExecutor </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html#threadpoolexecutor-example');" title="ThreadPoolExecutor Example"> ThreadPoolExecutor Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html#processpoolexecutor');" title="ProcessPoolExecutor"> ProcessPoolExecutor </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html#processpoolexecutor-example');" title="ProcessPoolExecutor Example"> ProcessPoolExecutor Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html#future-objects');" title="Future Objects"> Future Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html#module-functions');" title="Module Functions"> Module Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-concurrent.futures.html#exception-classes');" title="Exception classes"> Exception classes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html');" title="subprocess — Subprocess management"> subprocess — Subprocess management </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#using-the-subprocess-module');" title="Using the subprocess Module"> Using the subprocess Module </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#frequently-used-arguments');" title="Frequently Used Arguments"> Frequently Used Arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#popen-constructor');" title="Popen Constructor"> Popen Constructor </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#security-considerations');" title="Security Considerations"> Security Considerations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#popen-objects');" title="Popen Objects"> Popen Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#windows-popen-helpers');" title="Windows Popen Helpers"> Windows Popen Helpers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#windows-constants');" title="Windows Constants"> Windows Constants </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#older-high-level-api');" title="Older high-level API"> Older high-level API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#replacing-older-functions-with-the-subprocess-module');" title="Replacing Older Functions with the subprocess Module"> Replacing Older Functions with the subprocess Module </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#replacing-bin-sh-shell-command-substitution');" title="Replacing /bin/sh shell command substitution"> Replacing /bin/sh shell command substitution </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#replacing-shell-pipeline');" title="Replacing shell pipeline"> Replacing shell pipeline </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#replacing-os-system');" title="Replacing os.system()"> Replacing os.system() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#replacing-the-os-spawn-family');" title="Replacing the os.spawn family"> Replacing the os.spawn family </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#replacing-os-popen-os-popen2-os-popen3');" title="Replacing os.popen(), os.popen2(), os.popen3()"> Replacing os.popen(), os.popen2(), os.popen3() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#replacing-functions-from-the-popen2-module');" title="Replacing functions from the popen2 module"> Replacing functions from the popen2 module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#legacy-shell-invocation-functions');" title="Legacy Shell Invocation Functions"> Legacy Shell Invocation Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#notes');" title="Notes"> Notes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-subprocess.html#converting-an-argument-sequence-to-a-string-on-windows');" title="Converting an argument sequence to a string on Windows"> Converting an argument sequence to a string on Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sched.html');" title="sched — Event scheduler"> sched — Event scheduler </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sched.html#scheduler-objects');" title="Scheduler Objects"> Scheduler Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-queue.html');" title="queue — A synchronized queue class"> queue — A synchronized queue class </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-queue.html#queue-objects');" title="Queue Objects"> Queue Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-queue.html#simplequeue-objects');" title="SimpleQueue Objects"> SimpleQueue Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-_thread.html');" title="_thread — Low-level threading API"> _thread — Low-level threading API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-_dummy_thread.html');" title="_dummy_thread — Drop-in replacement for the _thread module"> _dummy_thread — Drop-in replacement for the _thread module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dummy_threading.html');" title="dummy_threading — Drop-in replacement for the threading module"> dummy_threading — Drop-in replacement for the threading module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextvars.html');" title="contextvars — Context Variables"> contextvars — Context Variables </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextvars.html#context-variables');" title="Context Variables"> Context Variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextvars.html#manual-context-management');" title="Manual Context Management"> Manual Context Management </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextvars.html#asyncio-support');" title="asyncio support"> asyncio support </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipc.html');" title="Networking and Interprocess Communication"> Networking and Interprocess Communication </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio.html');" title="asyncio — Asynchronous I/O"> asyncio — Asynchronous I/O </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html');" title="Coroutines and Tasks"> Coroutines and Tasks </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#coroutines');" title="Coroutines"> Coroutines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#awaitables');" title="Awaitables"> Awaitables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#running-an-asyncio-program');" title="Running an asyncio Program"> Running an asyncio Program </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#creating-tasks');" title="Creating Tasks"> Creating Tasks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#sleeping');" title="Sleeping"> Sleeping </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#running-tasks-concurrently');" title="Running Tasks Concurrently"> Running Tasks Concurrently </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#shielding-from-cancellation');" title="Shielding From Cancellation"> Shielding From Cancellation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#timeouts');" title="Timeouts"> Timeouts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#waiting-primitives');" title="Waiting Primitives"> Waiting Primitives </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#scheduling-from-other-threads');" title="Scheduling From Other Threads"> Scheduling From Other Threads </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#introspection');" title="Introspection"> Introspection </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#task-object');" title="Task Object"> Task Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-task.html#generator-based-coroutines');" title="Generator-based Coroutines"> Generator-based Coroutines </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-stream.html');" title="Streams"> Streams </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-stream.html#streamreader');" title="StreamReader"> StreamReader </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-stream.html#streamwriter');" title="StreamWriter"> StreamWriter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-stream.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-stream.html#tcp-echo-client-using-streams');" title="TCP echo client using streams"> TCP echo client using streams </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-stream.html#tcp-echo-server-using-streams');" title="TCP echo server using streams"> TCP echo server using streams </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-stream.html#get-http-headers');" title="Get HTTP headers"> Get HTTP headers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-stream.html#register-an-open-socket-to-wait-for-data-using-streams');" title="Register an open socket to wait for data using streams"> Register an open socket to wait for data using streams </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-sync.html');" title="Synchronization Primitives"> Synchronization Primitives </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-sync.html#lock');" title="Lock"> Lock </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-sync.html#event');" title="Event"> Event </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-sync.html#condition');" title="Condition"> Condition </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-sync.html#semaphore');" title="Semaphore"> Semaphore </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-sync.html#boundedsemaphore');" title="BoundedSemaphore"> BoundedSemaphore </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-subprocess.html');" title="Subprocesses"> Subprocesses </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-subprocess.html#creating-subprocesses');" title="Creating Subprocesses"> Creating Subprocesses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-subprocess.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-subprocess.html#interacting-with-subprocesses');" title="Interacting with Subprocesses"> Interacting with Subprocesses </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-subprocess.html#subprocess-and-threads');" title="Subprocess and Threads"> Subprocess and Threads </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-subprocess.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-queue.html');" title="Queues"> Queues </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-queue.html#queue');" title="Queue"> Queue </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-queue.html#priority-queue');" title="Priority Queue"> Priority Queue </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-queue.html#lifo-queue');" title="LIFO Queue"> LIFO Queue </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-queue.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-queue.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-exceptions.html');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html');" title="Event Loop"> Event Loop </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#event-loop-methods');" title="Event Loop Methods"> Event Loop Methods </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#running-and-stopping-the-loop');" title="Running and stopping the loop"> Running and stopping the loop </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#scheduling-callbacks');" title="Scheduling callbacks"> Scheduling callbacks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#scheduling-delayed-callbacks');" title="Scheduling delayed callbacks"> Scheduling delayed callbacks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#creating-futures-and-tasks');" title="Creating Futures and Tasks"> Creating Futures and Tasks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#opening-network-connections');" title="Opening network connections"> Opening network connections </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#creating-network-servers');" title="Creating network servers"> Creating network servers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#transferring-files');" title="Transferring files"> Transferring files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#tls-upgrade');" title="TLS Upgrade"> TLS Upgrade </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#watching-file-descriptors');" title="Watching file descriptors"> Watching file descriptors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#working-with-socket-objects-directly');" title="Working with socket objects directly"> Working with socket objects directly </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#dns');" title="DNS"> DNS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#working-with-pipes');" title="Working with pipes"> Working with pipes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#unix-signals');" title="Unix signals"> Unix signals </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#executing-code-in-thread-or-process-pools');" title="Executing code in thread or process pools"> Executing code in thread or process pools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#error-handling-api');" title="Error Handling API"> Error Handling API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#enabling-debug-mode');" title="Enabling debug mode"> Enabling debug mode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#running-subprocesses');" title="Running Subprocesses"> Running Subprocesses </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#callback-handles');" title="Callback Handles"> Callback Handles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#server-objects');" title="Server Objects"> Server Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#event-loop-implementations');" title="Event Loop Implementations"> Event Loop Implementations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#hello-world-with-call-soon');" title="Hello World with call_soon()"> Hello World with call_soon() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#display-the-current-date-with-call-later');" title="Display the current date with call_later()"> Display the current date with call_later() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#watch-a-file-descriptor-for-read-events');" title="Watch a file descriptor for read events"> Watch a file descriptor for read events </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-eventloop.html#set-signal-handlers-for-sigint-and-sigterm');" title="Set signal handlers for SIGINT and SIGTERM"> Set signal handlers for SIGINT and SIGTERM </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-future.html');" title="Futures"> Futures </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-future.html#future-functions');" title="Future Functions"> Future Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-future.html#future-object');" title="Future Object"> Future Object </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html');" title="Transports and Protocols"> Transports and Protocols </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#transports');" title="Transports"> Transports </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#transports-hierarchy');" title="Transports Hierarchy"> Transports Hierarchy </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#base-transport');" title="Base Transport"> Base Transport </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#read-only-transports');" title="Read-only Transports"> Read-only Transports </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#write-only-transports');" title="Write-only Transports"> Write-only Transports </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#datagram-transports');" title="Datagram Transports"> Datagram Transports </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#subprocess-transports');" title="Subprocess Transports"> Subprocess Transports </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#protocols');" title="Protocols"> Protocols </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#base-protocols');" title="Base Protocols"> Base Protocols </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#base-protocol');" title="Base Protocol"> Base Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#streaming-protocols');" title="Streaming Protocols"> Streaming Protocols </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#buffered-streaming-protocols');" title="Buffered Streaming Protocols"> Buffered Streaming Protocols </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#datagram-protocols');" title="Datagram Protocols"> Datagram Protocols </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#subprocess-protocols');" title="Subprocess Protocols"> Subprocess Protocols </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#tcp-echo-server');" title="TCP Echo Server"> TCP Echo Server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#tcp-echo-client');" title="TCP Echo Client"> TCP Echo Client </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#udp-echo-server');" title="UDP Echo Server"> UDP Echo Server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#udp-echo-client');" title="UDP Echo Client"> UDP Echo Client </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#connecting-existing-sockets');" title="Connecting Existing Sockets"> Connecting Existing Sockets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-protocol.html#loop-subprocess-exec-and-subprocessprotocol');" title="loop.subprocess_exec() and SubprocessProtocol"> loop.subprocess_exec() and SubprocessProtocol </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-policy.html');" title="Policies"> Policies </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-policy.html#getting-and-setting-the-policy');" title="Getting and Setting the Policy"> Getting and Setting the Policy </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-policy.html#policy-objects');" title="Policy Objects"> Policy Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-policy.html#process-watchers');" title="Process Watchers"> Process Watchers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-policy.html#custom-policies');" title="Custom Policies"> Custom Policies </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-platforms.html');" title="Platform Support"> Platform Support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-platforms.html#all-platforms');" title="All Platforms"> All Platforms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-platforms.html#windows');" title="Windows"> Windows </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-platforms.html#subprocess-support-on-windows');" title="Subprocess Support on Windows"> Subprocess Support on Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-platforms.html#macos');" title="macOS"> macOS </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-api-index.html');" title="High-level API Index"> High-level API Index </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-api-index.html#tasks');" title="Tasks"> Tasks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-api-index.html#queues');" title="Queues"> Queues </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-api-index.html#subprocesses');" title="Subprocesses"> Subprocesses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-api-index.html#streams');" title="Streams"> Streams </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-api-index.html#synchronization');" title="Synchronization"> Synchronization </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-api-index.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-llapi-index.html');" title="Low-level API Index"> Low-level API Index </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-llapi-index.html#obtaining-the-event-loop');" title="Obtaining the Event Loop"> Obtaining the Event Loop </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-llapi-index.html#event-loop-methods');" title="Event Loop Methods"> Event Loop Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-llapi-index.html#transports');" title="Transports"> Transports </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-llapi-index.html#protocols');" title="Protocols"> Protocols </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-llapi-index.html#event-loop-policies');" title="Event Loop Policies"> Event Loop Policies </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-dev.html');" title="Developing with asyncio"> Developing with asyncio </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-dev.html#debug-mode');" title="Debug Mode"> Debug Mode </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-dev.html#concurrency-and-multithreading');" title="Concurrency and Multithreading"> Concurrency and Multithreading </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-dev.html#running-blocking-code');" title="Running Blocking Code"> Running Blocking Code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-dev.html#logging');" title="Logging"> Logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-dev.html#detect-never-awaited-coroutines');" title="Detect never-awaited coroutines"> Detect never-awaited coroutines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncio-dev.html#detect-never-retrieved-exceptions');" title="Detect never-retrieved exceptions"> Detect never-retrieved exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html');" title="socket — Low-level networking interface"> socket — Low-level networking interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#socket-families');" title="Socket families"> Socket families </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#module-contents');" title="Module contents"> Module contents </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#creating-sockets');" title="Creating sockets"> Creating sockets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#other-functions');" title="Other functions"> Other functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#socket-objects');" title="Socket Objects"> Socket Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#notes-on-socket-timeouts');" title="Notes on socket timeouts"> Notes on socket timeouts </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#timeouts-and-the-connect-method');" title="Timeouts and the connect method"> Timeouts and the connect method </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#timeouts-and-the-accept-method');" title="Timeouts and the accept method"> Timeouts and the accept method </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socket.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html');" title="ssl — TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects"> ssl — TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#functions-constants-and-exceptions');" title="Functions, Constants, and Exceptions"> Functions, Constants, and Exceptions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#socket-creation');" title="Socket creation"> Socket creation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#context-creation');" title="Context creation"> Context creation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#random-generation');" title="Random generation"> Random generation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#certificate-handling');" title="Certificate handling"> Certificate handling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#ssl-sockets');" title="SSL Sockets"> SSL Sockets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#ssl-contexts');" title="SSL Contexts"> SSL Contexts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#certificates');" title="Certificates"> Certificates </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#certificate-chains');" title="Certificate chains"> Certificate chains </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#ca-certificates');" title="CA certificates"> CA certificates </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#combined-key-and-certificate');" title="Combined key and certificate"> Combined key and certificate </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#self-signed-certificates');" title="Self-signed certificates"> Self-signed certificates </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#testing-for-ssl-support');" title="Testing for SSL support"> Testing for SSL support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#client-side-operation');" title="Client-side operation"> Client-side operation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#server-side-operation');" title="Server-side operation"> Server-side operation </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#notes-on-non-blocking-sockets');" title="Notes on non-blocking sockets"> Notes on non-blocking sockets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#memory-bio-support');" title="Memory BIO Support"> Memory BIO Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#ssl-session');" title="SSL session"> SSL session </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#security-considerations');" title="Security considerations"> Security considerations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#best-defaults');" title="Best defaults"> Best defaults </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#manual-settings');" title="Manual settings"> Manual settings </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#verifying-certificates');" title="Verifying certificates"> Verifying certificates </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#protocol-versions');" title="Protocol versions"> Protocol versions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#cipher-selection');" title="Cipher selection"> Cipher selection </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#multi-processing');" title="Multi-processing"> Multi-processing </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#tls-1-3');" title="TLS 1.3"> TLS 1.3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ssl.html#libressl-support');" title="LibreSSL support"> LibreSSL support </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-select.html');" title="select — Waiting for I/O completion"> select — Waiting for I/O completion </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-select.html#dev-poll-polling-objects');" title="/dev/poll Polling Objects"> /dev/poll Polling Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-select.html#edge-and-level-trigger-polling-epoll-objects');" title="Edge and Level Trigger Polling (epoll) Objects"> Edge and Level Trigger Polling (epoll) Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-select.html#polling-objects');" title="Polling Objects"> Polling Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-select.html#kqueue-objects');" title="Kqueue Objects"> Kqueue Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-select.html#kevent-objects');" title="Kevent Objects"> Kevent Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-selectors.html');" title="selectors — High-level I/O multiplexing"> selectors — High-level I/O multiplexing </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-selectors.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-selectors.html#classes');" title="Classes"> Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-selectors.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncore.html');" title="asyncore — Asynchronous socket handler"> asyncore — Asynchronous socket handler </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncore.html#asyncore-example-basic-http-client');" title="asyncore Example basic HTTP client"> asyncore Example basic HTTP client </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asyncore.html#asyncore-example-basic-echo-server');" title="asyncore Example basic echo server"> asyncore Example basic echo server </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asynchat.html');" title="asynchat — Asynchronous socket command/response handler"> asynchat — Asynchronous socket command/response handler </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-asynchat.html#asynchat-example');" title="asynchat Example"> asynchat Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-signal.html');" title="signal — Set handlers for asynchronous events"> signal — Set handlers for asynchronous events </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-signal.html#general-rules');" title="General rules"> General rules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-signal.html#execution-of-python-signal-handlers');" title="Execution of Python signal handlers"> Execution of Python signal handlers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-signal.html#signals-and-threads');" title="Signals and threads"> Signals and threads </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-signal.html#module-contents');" title="Module contents"> Module contents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-signal.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-signal.html#note-on-sigpipe');" title="Note on SIGPIPE"> Note on SIGPIPE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mmap.html');" title="mmap — Memory-mapped file support"> mmap — Memory-mapped file support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mmap.html#madv-constants');" title="MADV_* Constants"> MADV_* Constants </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-netdata.html');" title="Internet Data Handling"> Internet Data Handling </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.html');" title="email — An email and MIME handling package"> email — An email and MIME handling package </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.message.html');" title="email.message: Representing an email message"> email.message: Representing an email message </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.parser.html');" title="email.parser: Parsing email messages"> email.parser: Parsing email messages </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.parser.html#feedparser-api');" title="FeedParser API"> FeedParser API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.parser.html#parser-api');" title="Parser API"> Parser API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.parser.html#additional-notes');" title="Additional notes"> Additional notes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.generator.html');" title="email.generator: Generating MIME documents"> email.generator: Generating MIME documents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.policy.html');" title="email.policy: Policy Objects"> email.policy: Policy Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.errors.html');" title="email.errors: Exception and Defect classes"> email.errors: Exception and Defect classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.headerregistry.html');" title="email.headerregistry: Custom Header Objects"> email.headerregistry: Custom Header Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.contentmanager.html');" title="email.contentmanager: Managing MIME Content"> email.contentmanager: Managing MIME Content </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.contentmanager.html#content-manager-instances');" title="Content Manager Instances"> Content Manager Instances </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.examples.html');" title="email: Examples"> email: Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.compat32-message.html');" title="email.message.Message: Representing an email message using the compat32 API"> email.message.Message: Representing an email message using the compat32 API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.mime.html');" title="email.mime: Creating email and MIME objects from scratch"> email.mime: Creating email and MIME objects from scratch </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.header.html');" title="email.header: Internationalized headers"> email.header: Internationalized headers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.charset.html');" title="email.charset: Representing character sets"> email.charset: Representing character sets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.encoders.html');" title="email.encoders: Encoders"> email.encoders: Encoders </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.utils.html');" title="email.utils: Miscellaneous utilities"> email.utils: Miscellaneous utilities </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-email.iterators.html');" title="email.iterators: Iterators"> email.iterators: Iterators </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html');" title="json — JSON encoder and decoder"> json — JSON encoder and decoder </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#basic-usage');" title="Basic Usage"> Basic Usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#encoders-and-decoders');" title="Encoders and Decoders"> Encoders and Decoders </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#standard-compliance-and-interoperability');" title="Standard Compliance and Interoperability"> Standard Compliance and Interoperability </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#character-encodings');" title="Character Encodings"> Character Encodings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#infinite-and-nan-number-values');" title="Infinite and NaN Number Values"> Infinite and NaN Number Values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#repeated-names-within-an-object');" title="Repeated Names Within an Object"> Repeated Names Within an Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#top-level-non-object-non-array-values');" title="Top-level Non-Object, Non-Array Values"> Top-level Non-Object, Non-Array Values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#implementation-limitations');" title="Implementation Limitations"> Implementation Limitations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#module-json.tool');" title="Command Line Interface"> Command Line Interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-json.html#command-line-options');" title="Command line options"> Command line options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailcap.html');" title="mailcap — Mailcap file handling"> mailcap — Mailcap file handling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html');" title="mailbox — Manipulate mailboxes in various formats"> mailbox — Manipulate mailboxes in various formats </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#mailbox-objects');" title="Mailbox objects"> Mailbox objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#maildir');" title="Maildir"> Maildir </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#mbox');" title="mbox"> mbox </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#mh');" title="MH"> MH </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#babyl');" title="Babyl"> Babyl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#mmdf');" title="MMDF"> MMDF </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#message-objects');" title="Message objects"> Message objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#maildirmessage');" title="MaildirMessage"> MaildirMessage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#mboxmessage');" title="mboxMessage"> mboxMessage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#mhmessage');" title="MHMessage"> MHMessage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#babylmessage');" title="BabylMessage"> BabylMessage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#mmdfmessage');" title="MMDFMessage"> MMDFMessage </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mailbox.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mimetypes.html');" title="mimetypes — Map filenames to MIME types"> mimetypes — Map filenames to MIME types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mimetypes.html#mimetypes-objects');" title="MimeTypes Objects"> MimeTypes Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-base64.html');" title="base64 — Base16, Base32, Base64, Base85 Data Encodings"> base64 — Base16, Base32, Base64, Base85 Data Encodings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-binhex.html');" title="binhex — Encode and decode binhex4 files"> binhex — Encode and decode binhex4 files </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-binhex.html#notes');" title="Notes"> Notes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-binascii.html');" title="binascii — Convert between binary and ASCII"> binascii — Convert between binary and ASCII </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-quopri.html');" title="quopri — Encode and decode MIME quoted-printable data"> quopri — Encode and decode MIME quoted-printable data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-uu.html');" title="uu — Encode and decode uuencode files"> uu — Encode and decode uuencode files </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-markup.html');" title="Structured Markup Processing Tools"> Structured Markup Processing Tools </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-html.html');" title="html — HyperText Markup Language support"> html — HyperText Markup Language support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-html.parser.html');" title="html.parser — Simple HTML and XHTML parser"> html.parser — Simple HTML and XHTML parser </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-html.parser.html#example-html-parser-application');" title="Example HTML Parser Application"> Example HTML Parser Application </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-html.parser.html#htmlparser-methods');" title="HTMLParser Methods"> HTMLParser Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-html.parser.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-html.entities.html');" title="html.entities — Definitions of HTML general entities"> html.entities — Definitions of HTML general entities </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.html');" title="XML Processing Modules"> XML Processing Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.html#xml-vulnerabilities');" title="XML vulnerabilities"> XML vulnerabilities </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.html#the-defusedxml-and-defusedexpat-packages');" title="The defusedxml and defusedexpat Packages"> The defusedxml and defusedexpat Packages </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html');" title="xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API"> xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#tutorial');" title="Tutorial"> Tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#xml-tree-and-elements');" title="XML tree and elements"> XML tree and elements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#parsing-xml');" title="Parsing XML"> Parsing XML </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#pull-api-for-non-blocking-parsing');" title="Pull API for non-blocking parsing"> Pull API for non-blocking parsing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#finding-interesting-elements');" title="Finding interesting elements"> Finding interesting elements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#modifying-an-xml-file');" title="Modifying an XML File"> Modifying an XML File </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#building-xml-documents');" title="Building XML documents"> Building XML documents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#parsing-xml-with-namespaces');" title="Parsing XML with Namespaces"> Parsing XML with Namespaces </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#additional-resources');" title="Additional resources"> Additional resources </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#xpath-support');" title="XPath support"> XPath support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#supported-xpath-syntax');" title="Supported XPath syntax"> Supported XPath syntax </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#reference');" title="Reference"> Reference </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#xinclude-support');" title="XInclude support"> XInclude support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#id3');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#id4');" title="Reference"> Reference </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#elementinclude-functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#element-objects');" title="Element Objects"> Element Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#elementtree-objects');" title="ElementTree Objects"> ElementTree Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#qname-objects');" title="QName Objects"> QName Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#treebuilder-objects');" title="TreeBuilder Objects"> TreeBuilder Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#xmlparser-objects');" title="XMLParser Objects"> XMLParser Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#xmlpullparser-objects');" title="XMLPullParser Objects"> XMLPullParser Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.etree.elementtree.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html');" title="xml.dom — The Document Object Model API"> xml.dom — The Document Object Model API </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#module-contents');" title="Module Contents"> Module Contents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#objects-in-the-dom');" title="Objects in the DOM"> Objects in the DOM </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#domimplementation-objects');" title="DOMImplementation Objects"> DOMImplementation Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#node-objects');" title="Node Objects"> Node Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#nodelist-objects');" title="NodeList Objects"> NodeList Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#documenttype-objects');" title="DocumentType Objects"> DocumentType Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#document-objects');" title="Document Objects"> Document Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#element-objects');" title="Element Objects"> Element Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#attr-objects');" title="Attr Objects"> Attr Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#namednodemap-objects');" title="NamedNodeMap Objects"> NamedNodeMap Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#comment-objects');" title="Comment Objects"> Comment Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#text-and-cdatasection-objects');" title="Text and CDATASection Objects"> Text and CDATASection Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#processinginstruction-objects');" title="ProcessingInstruction Objects"> ProcessingInstruction Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#conformance');" title="Conformance"> Conformance </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#type-mapping');" title="Type Mapping"> Type Mapping </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.html#accessor-methods');" title="Accessor Methods"> Accessor Methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.minidom.html');" title="xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation"> xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.minidom.html#dom-objects');" title="DOM Objects"> DOM Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.minidom.html#dom-example');" title="DOM Example"> DOM Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.minidom.html#minidom-and-the-dom-standard');" title="minidom and the DOM standard"> minidom and the DOM standard </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.pulldom.html');" title="xml.dom.pulldom — Support for building partial DOM trees"> xml.dom.pulldom — Support for building partial DOM trees </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.dom.pulldom.html#domeventstream-objects');" title="DOMEventStream Objects"> DOMEventStream Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.html');" title="xml.sax — Support for SAX2 parsers"> xml.sax — Support for SAX2 parsers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.html#saxexception-objects');" title="SAXException Objects"> SAXException Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.handler.html');" title="xml.sax.handler — Base classes for SAX handlers"> xml.sax.handler — Base classes for SAX handlers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.handler.html#contenthandler-objects');" title="ContentHandler Objects"> ContentHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.handler.html#dtdhandler-objects');" title="DTDHandler Objects"> DTDHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.handler.html#entityresolver-objects');" title="EntityResolver Objects"> EntityResolver Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.handler.html#errorhandler-objects');" title="ErrorHandler Objects"> ErrorHandler Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.utils.html');" title="xml.sax.saxutils — SAX Utilities"> xml.sax.saxutils — SAX Utilities </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.reader.html');" title="xml.sax.xmlreader — Interface for XML parsers"> xml.sax.xmlreader — Interface for XML parsers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.reader.html#xmlreader-objects');" title="XMLReader Objects"> XMLReader Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.reader.html#incrementalparser-objects');" title="IncrementalParser Objects"> IncrementalParser Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.reader.html#locator-objects');" title="Locator Objects"> Locator Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.reader.html#inputsource-objects');" title="InputSource Objects"> InputSource Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.reader.html#the-attributes-interface');" title="The Attributes Interface"> The Attributes Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xml.sax.reader.html#the-attributesns-interface');" title="The AttributesNS Interface"> The AttributesNS Interface </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyexpat.html');" title="xml.parsers.expat — Fast XML parsing using Expat"> xml.parsers.expat — Fast XML parsing using Expat </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyexpat.html#xmlparser-objects');" title="XMLParser Objects"> XMLParser Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyexpat.html#expaterror-exceptions');" title="ExpatError Exceptions"> ExpatError Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyexpat.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyexpat.html#module-xml.parsers.expat.model');" title="Content Model Descriptions"> Content Model Descriptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyexpat.html#module-xml.parsers.expat.errors');" title="Expat error constants"> Expat error constants </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-internet.html');" title="Internet Protocols and Support"> Internet Protocols and Support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-webbrowser.html');" title="webbrowser — Convenient Web-browser controller"> webbrowser — Convenient Web-browser controller </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-webbrowser.html#browser-controller-objects');" title="Browser Controller Objects"> Browser Controller Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html');" title="cgi — Common Gateway Interface support"> cgi — Common Gateway Interface support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#using-the-cgi-module');" title="Using the cgi module"> Using the cgi module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#higher-level-interface');" title="Higher Level Interface"> Higher Level Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#caring-about-security');" title="Caring about security"> Caring about security </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#installing-your-cgi-script-on-a-unix-system');" title="Installing your CGI script on a Unix system"> Installing your CGI script on a Unix system </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#testing-your-cgi-script');" title="Testing your CGI script"> Testing your CGI script </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#debugging-cgi-scripts');" title="Debugging CGI scripts"> Debugging CGI scripts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgi.html#common-problems-and-solutions');" title="Common problems and solutions"> Common problems and solutions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cgitb.html');" title="cgitb — Traceback manager for CGI scripts"> cgitb — Traceback manager for CGI scripts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wsgiref.html');" title="wsgiref — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation"> wsgiref — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.util');" title="wsgiref.util – WSGI environment utilities"> wsgiref.util – WSGI environment utilities </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.headers');" title="wsgiref.headers – WSGI response header tools"> wsgiref.headers – WSGI response header tools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.simple_server');" title="wsgiref.simple_server – a simple WSGI HTTP server"> wsgiref.simple_server – a simple WSGI HTTP server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.validate');" title="wsgiref.validate — WSGI conformance checker"> wsgiref.validate — WSGI conformance checker </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.handlers');" title="wsgiref.handlers – server/gateway base classes"> wsgiref.handlers – server/gateway base classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wsgiref.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.html');" title="urllib — URL handling modules"> urllib — URL handling modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html');" title="urllib.request — Extensible library for opening URLs"> urllib.request — Extensible library for opening URLs </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#request-objects');" title="Request Objects"> Request Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#openerdirector-objects');" title="OpenerDirector Objects"> OpenerDirector Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#basehandler-objects');" title="BaseHandler Objects"> BaseHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httpredirecthandler-objects');" title="HTTPRedirectHandler Objects"> HTTPRedirectHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httpcookieprocessor-objects');" title="HTTPCookieProcessor Objects"> HTTPCookieProcessor Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#proxyhandler-objects');" title="ProxyHandler Objects"> ProxyHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httppasswordmgr-objects');" title="HTTPPasswordMgr Objects"> HTTPPasswordMgr Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httppasswordmgrwithpriorauth-objects');" title="HTTPPasswordMgrWithPriorAuth Objects"> HTTPPasswordMgrWithPriorAuth Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#abstractbasicauthhandler-objects');" title="AbstractBasicAuthHandler Objects"> AbstractBasicAuthHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httpbasicauthhandler-objects');" title="HTTPBasicAuthHandler Objects"> HTTPBasicAuthHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#proxybasicauthhandler-objects');" title="ProxyBasicAuthHandler Objects"> ProxyBasicAuthHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#abstractdigestauthhandler-objects');" title="AbstractDigestAuthHandler Objects"> AbstractDigestAuthHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httpdigestauthhandler-objects');" title="HTTPDigestAuthHandler Objects"> HTTPDigestAuthHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#proxydigestauthhandler-objects');" title="ProxyDigestAuthHandler Objects"> ProxyDigestAuthHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httphandler-objects');" title="HTTPHandler Objects"> HTTPHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httpshandler-objects');" title="HTTPSHandler Objects"> HTTPSHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#filehandler-objects');" title="FileHandler Objects"> FileHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#datahandler-objects');" title="DataHandler Objects"> DataHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#ftphandler-objects');" title="FTPHandler Objects"> FTPHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#cacheftphandler-objects');" title="CacheFTPHandler Objects"> CacheFTPHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#unknownhandler-objects');" title="UnknownHandler Objects"> UnknownHandler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#httperrorprocessor-objects');" title="HTTPErrorProcessor Objects"> HTTPErrorProcessor Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#legacy-interface');" title="Legacy interface"> Legacy interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#urllib-request-restrictions');" title="urllib.request Restrictions"> urllib.request Restrictions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.request.html#module-urllib.response');" title="urllib.response — Response classes used by urllib"> urllib.response — Response classes used by urllib </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.parse.html');" title="urllib.parse — Parse URLs into components"> urllib.parse — Parse URLs into components </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.parse.html#url-parsing');" title="URL Parsing"> URL Parsing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.parse.html#parsing-ascii-encoded-bytes');" title="Parsing ASCII Encoded Bytes"> Parsing ASCII Encoded Bytes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.parse.html#structured-parse-results');" title="Structured Parse Results"> Structured Parse Results </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.parse.html#url-quoting');" title="URL Quoting"> URL Quoting </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.error.html');" title="urllib.error — Exception classes raised by urllib.request"> urllib.error — Exception classes raised by urllib.request </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-urllib.robotparser.html');" title="urllib.robotparser — Parser for robots.txt"> urllib.robotparser — Parser for robots.txt </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.html');" title="http — HTTP modules"> http — HTTP modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.html#http-status-codes');" title="HTTP status codes"> HTTP status codes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.client.html');" title="http.client — HTTP protocol client"> http.client — HTTP protocol client </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.client.html#httpconnection-objects');" title="HTTPConnection Objects"> HTTPConnection Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.client.html#httpresponse-objects');" title="HTTPResponse Objects"> HTTPResponse Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.client.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.client.html#httpmessage-objects');" title="HTTPMessage Objects"> HTTPMessage Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ftplib.html');" title="ftplib — FTP protocol client"> ftplib — FTP protocol client </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ftplib.html#ftp-objects');" title="FTP Objects"> FTP Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ftplib.html#ftp-tls-objects');" title="FTP_TLS Objects"> FTP_TLS Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-poplib.html');" title="poplib — POP3 protocol client"> poplib — POP3 protocol client </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-poplib.html#pop3-objects');" title="POP3 Objects"> POP3 Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-poplib.html#pop3-example');" title="POP3 Example"> POP3 Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-imaplib.html');" title="imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client"> imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-imaplib.html#imap4-objects');" title="IMAP4 Objects"> IMAP4 Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-imaplib.html#imap4-example');" title="IMAP4 Example"> IMAP4 Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-nntplib.html');" title="nntplib — NNTP protocol client"> nntplib — NNTP protocol client </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-nntplib.html#nntp-objects');" title="NNTP Objects"> NNTP Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-nntplib.html#attributes');" title="Attributes"> Attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-nntplib.html#methods');" title="Methods"> Methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-nntplib.html#utility-functions');" title="Utility functions"> Utility functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtplib.html');" title="smtplib — SMTP protocol client"> smtplib — SMTP protocol client </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtplib.html#smtp-objects');" title="SMTP Objects"> SMTP Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtplib.html#smtp-example');" title="SMTP Example"> SMTP Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtpd.html');" title="smtpd — SMTP Server"> smtpd — SMTP Server </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtpd.html#smtpserver-objects');" title="SMTPServer Objects"> SMTPServer Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtpd.html#debuggingserver-objects');" title="DebuggingServer Objects"> DebuggingServer Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtpd.html#pureproxy-objects');" title="PureProxy Objects"> PureProxy Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtpd.html#mailmanproxy-objects');" title="MailmanProxy Objects"> MailmanProxy Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-smtpd.html#smtpchannel-objects');" title="SMTPChannel Objects"> SMTPChannel Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-telnetlib.html');" title="telnetlib — Telnet client"> telnetlib — Telnet client </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-telnetlib.html#telnet-objects');" title="Telnet Objects"> Telnet Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-telnetlib.html#telnet-example');" title="Telnet Example"> Telnet Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-uuid.html');" title="uuid — UUID objects according to RFC 4122"> uuid — UUID objects according to RFC 4122 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-uuid.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socketserver.html');" title="socketserver — A framework for network servers"> socketserver — A framework for network servers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socketserver.html#server-creation-notes');" title="Server Creation Notes"> Server Creation Notes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socketserver.html#server-objects');" title="Server Objects"> Server Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socketserver.html#request-handler-objects');" title="Request Handler Objects"> Request Handler Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socketserver.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socketserver.html#socketserver-tcpserver-example');" title="socketserver.TCPServer Example"> socketserver.TCPServer Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socketserver.html#socketserver-udpserver-example');" title="socketserver.UDPServer Example"> socketserver.UDPServer Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-socketserver.html#asynchronous-mixins');" title="Asynchronous Mixins"> Asynchronous Mixins </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.server.html');" title="http.server — HTTP servers"> http.server — HTTP servers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookies.html');" title="http.cookies — HTTP state management"> http.cookies — HTTP state management </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookies.html#cookie-objects');" title="Cookie Objects"> Cookie Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookies.html#morsel-objects');" title="Morsel Objects"> Morsel Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookies.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookiejar.html');" title="http.cookiejar — Cookie handling for HTTP clients"> http.cookiejar — Cookie handling for HTTP clients </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookiejar.html#cookiejar-and-filecookiejar-objects');" title="CookieJar and FileCookieJar Objects"> CookieJar and FileCookieJar Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookiejar.html#filecookiejar-subclasses-and-co-operation-with-web-browsers');" title="FileCookieJar subclasses and co-operation with web browsers"> FileCookieJar subclasses and co-operation with web browsers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookiejar.html#cookiepolicy-objects');" title="CookiePolicy Objects"> CookiePolicy Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookiejar.html#defaultcookiepolicy-objects');" title="DefaultCookiePolicy Objects"> DefaultCookiePolicy Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookiejar.html#cookie-objects');" title="Cookie Objects"> Cookie Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-http.cookiejar.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.html');" title="xmlrpc — XMLRPC server and client modules"> xmlrpc — XMLRPC server and client modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html');" title="xmlrpc.client — XML-RPC client access"> xmlrpc.client — XML-RPC client access </a>
<ul class="articles">
 <li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#serverproxy-objects');" title="ServerProxy Objects"> ServerProxy Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#datetime-objects');" title="DateTime Objects"> DateTime Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#binary-objects');" title="Binary Objects"> Binary Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#fault-objects');" title="Fault Objects"> Fault Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#protocolerror-objects');" title="ProtocolError Objects"> ProtocolError Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#multicall-objects');" title="MultiCall Objects"> MultiCall Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#convenience-functions');" title="Convenience Functions"> Convenience Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#example-of-client-usage');" title="Example of Client Usage"> Example of Client Usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.client.html#example-of-client-and-server-usage');" title="Example of Client and Server Usage"> Example of Client and Server Usage </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.server.html');" title="xmlrpc.server — Basic XML-RPC servers"> xmlrpc.server — Basic XML-RPC servers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.server.html#simplexmlrpcserver-objects');" title="SimpleXMLRPCServer Objects"> SimpleXMLRPCServer Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.server.html#simplexmlrpcserver-example');" title="SimpleXMLRPCServer Example"> SimpleXMLRPCServer Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.server.html#cgixmlrpcrequesthandler');" title="CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler"> CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.server.html#documenting-xmlrpc-server');" title="Documenting XMLRPC server"> Documenting XMLRPC server </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.server.html#docxmlrpcserver-objects');" title="DocXMLRPCServer Objects"> DocXMLRPCServer Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-xmlrpc.server.html#doccgixmlrpcrequesthandler');" title="DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler"> DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html');" title="ipaddress — IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library"> ipaddress — IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#convenience-factory-functions');" title="Convenience factory functions"> Convenience factory functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#ip-addresses');" title="IP Addresses"> IP Addresses </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#address-objects');" title="Address objects"> Address objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#conversion-to-strings-and-integers');" title="Conversion to Strings and Integers"> Conversion to Strings and Integers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#operators');" title="Operators"> Operators </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#comparison-operators');" title="Comparison operators"> Comparison operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#arithmetic-operators');" title="Arithmetic operators"> Arithmetic operators </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#ip-network-definitions');" title="IP Network definitions"> IP Network definitions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#prefix-net-mask-and-host-mask');" title="Prefix, net mask and host mask"> Prefix, net mask and host mask </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#network-objects');" title="Network objects"> Network objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#id1');" title="Operators"> Operators </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#logical-operators');" title="Logical operators"> Logical operators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#iteration');" title="Iteration"> Iteration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#networks-as-containers-of-addresses');" title="Networks as containers of addresses"> Networks as containers of addresses </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#interface-objects');" title="Interface objects"> Interface objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#id2');" title="Operators"> Operators </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#id3');" title="Logical operators"> Logical operators </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#other-module-level-functions');" title="Other Module Level Functions"> Other Module Level Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ipaddress.html#custom-exceptions');" title="Custom Exceptions"> Custom Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-mm.html');" title="Multimedia Services"> Multimedia Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-audioop.html');" title="audioop — Manipulate raw audio data"> audioop — Manipulate raw audio data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-aifc.html');" title="aifc — Read and write AIFF and AIFC files"> aifc — Read and write AIFF and AIFC files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sunau.html');" title="sunau — Read and write Sun AU files"> sunau — Read and write Sun AU files </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sunau.html#au-read-objects');" title="AU_read Objects"> AU_read Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sunau.html#au-write-objects');" title="AU_write Objects"> AU_write Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wave.html');" title="wave — Read and write WAV files"> wave — Read and write WAV files </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wave.html#wave-read-objects');" title="Wave_read Objects"> Wave_read Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-wave.html#wave-write-objects');" title="Wave_write Objects"> Wave_write Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-chunk.html');" title="chunk — Read IFF chunked data"> chunk — Read IFF chunked data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-colorsys.html');" title="colorsys — Conversions between color systems"> colorsys — Conversions between color systems </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-imghdr.html');" title="imghdr — Determine the type of an image"> imghdr — Determine the type of an image </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sndhdr.html');" title="sndhdr — Determine type of sound file"> sndhdr — Determine type of sound file </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ossaudiodev.html');" title="ossaudiodev — Access to OSS-compatible audio devices"> ossaudiodev — Access to OSS-compatible audio devices </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ossaudiodev.html#audio-device-objects');" title="Audio Device Objects"> Audio Device Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ossaudiodev.html#mixer-device-objects');" title="Mixer Device Objects"> Mixer Device Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-i18n.html');" title="Internationalization"> Internationalization </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html');" title="gettext — Multilingual internationalization services"> gettext — Multilingual internationalization services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#gnu-gettext-api');" title="GNU gettext API"> GNU gettext API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#class-based-api');" title="Class-based API"> Class-based API </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#the-nulltranslations-class');" title="The NullTranslations class"> The NullTranslations class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#the-gnutranslations-class');" title="The GNUTranslations class"> The GNUTranslations class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#solaris-message-catalog-support');" title="Solaris message catalog support"> Solaris message catalog support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#the-catalog-constructor');" title="The Catalog constructor"> The Catalog constructor </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#internationalizing-your-programs-and-modules');" title="Internationalizing your programs and modules"> Internationalizing your programs and modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#localizing-your-module');" title="Localizing your module"> Localizing your module </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#localizing-your-application');" title="Localizing your application"> Localizing your application </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#changing-languages-on-the-fly');" title="Changing languages on the fly"> Changing languages on the fly </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#deferred-translations');" title="Deferred translations"> Deferred translations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gettext.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-locale.html');" title="locale — Internationalization services"> locale — Internationalization services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-locale.html#background-details-hints-tips-and-caveats');" title="Background, details, hints, tips and caveats"> Background, details, hints, tips and caveats </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-locale.html#for-extension-writers-and-programs-that-embed-python');" title="For extension writers and programs that embed Python"> For extension writers and programs that embed Python </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-locale.html#access-to-message-catalogs');" title="Access to message catalogs"> Access to message catalogs </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-frameworks.html');" title="Program Frameworks"> Program Frameworks </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html');" title="turtle — Turtle graphics"> turtle — Turtle graphics </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#overview-of-available-turtle-and-screen-methods');" title="Overview of available Turtle and Screen methods"> Overview of available Turtle and Screen methods </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#turtle-methods');" title="Turtle methods"> Turtle methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#methods-of-turtlescreen-screen');" title="Methods of TurtleScreen/Screen"> Methods of TurtleScreen/Screen </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#methods-of-rawturtle-turtle-and-corresponding-functions');" title="Methods of RawTurtle/Turtle and corresponding functions"> Methods of RawTurtle/Turtle and corresponding functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#turtle-motion');" title="Turtle motion"> Turtle motion </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#tell-turtle-s-state');" title="Tell Turtle’s state"> Tell Turtle’s state </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#settings-for-measurement');" title="Settings for measurement"> Settings for measurement </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#pen-control');" title="Pen control"> Pen control </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#drawing-state');" title="Drawing state"> Drawing state </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#color-control');" title="Color control"> Color control </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#filling');" title="Filling"> Filling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#more-drawing-control');" title="More drawing control"> More drawing control </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#turtle-state');" title="Turtle state"> Turtle state </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#visibility');" title="Visibility"> Visibility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#appearance');" title="Appearance"> Appearance </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#using-events');" title="Using events"> Using events </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#special-turtle-methods');" title="Special Turtle methods"> Special Turtle methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#compound-shapes');" title="Compound shapes"> Compound shapes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#methods-of-turtlescreen-screen-and-corresponding-functions');" title="Methods of TurtleScreen/Screen and corresponding functions"> Methods of TurtleScreen/Screen and corresponding functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#window-control');" title="Window control"> Window control </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#animation-control');" title="Animation control"> Animation control </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#using-screen-events');" title="Using screen events"> Using screen events </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#input-methods');" title="Input methods"> Input methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#settings-and-special-methods');" title="Settings and special methods"> Settings and special methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#methods-specific-to-screen-not-inherited-from-turtlescreen');" title="Methods specific to Screen, not inherited from TurtleScreen"> Methods specific to Screen, not inherited from TurtleScreen </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#public-classes');" title="Public classes"> Public classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#help-and-configuration');" title="Help and configuration"> Help and configuration </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#how-to-use-help');" title="How to use help"> How to use help </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#translation-of-docstrings-into-different-languages');" title="Translation of docstrings into different languages"> Translation of docstrings into different languages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#how-to-configure-screen-and-turtles');" title="How to configure Screen and Turtles"> How to configure Screen and Turtles </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#module-turtledemo');" title="turtledemo — Demo scripts"> turtledemo — Demo scripts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#changes-since-python-2-6');" title="Changes since Python 2.6"> Changes since Python 2.6 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-turtle.html#changes-since-python-3-0');" title="Changes since Python 3.0"> Changes since Python 3.0 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmd.html');" title="cmd — Support for line-oriented command interpreters"> cmd — Support for line-oriented command interpreters </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmd.html#cmd-objects');" title="Cmd Objects"> Cmd Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-cmd.html#cmd-example');" title="Cmd Example"> Cmd Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shlex.html');" title="shlex — Simple lexical analysis"> shlex — Simple lexical analysis </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shlex.html#shlex-objects');" title="shlex Objects"> shlex Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shlex.html#parsing-rules');" title="Parsing Rules"> Parsing Rules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-shlex.html#improved-compatibility-with-shells');" title="Improved Compatibility with Shells"> Improved Compatibility with Shells </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tk.html');" title="Graphical User Interfaces with Tk"> Graphical User Interfaces with Tk </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html');" title="tkinter — Python interface to Tcl/Tk"> tkinter — Python interface to Tcl/Tk </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#tkinter-modules');" title="Tkinter Modules"> Tkinter Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#tkinter-life-preserver');" title="Tkinter Life Preserver"> Tkinter Life Preserver </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#how-to-use-this-section');" title="How To Use This Section"> How To Use This Section </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#a-simple-hello-world-program');" title="A Simple Hello World Program"> A Simple Hello World Program </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#a-very-quick-look-at-tcl-tk');" title="A (Very) Quick Look at Tcl/Tk"> A (Very) Quick Look at Tcl/Tk </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#mapping-basic-tk-into-tkinter');" title="Mapping Basic Tk into Tkinter"> Mapping Basic Tk into Tkinter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#how-tk-and-tkinter-are-related');" title="How Tk and Tkinter are Related"> How Tk and Tkinter are Related </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#handy-reference');" title="Handy Reference"> Handy Reference </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#setting-options');" title="Setting Options"> Setting Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#the-packer');" title="The Packer"> The Packer </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#packer-options');" title="Packer Options"> Packer Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#coupling-widget-variables');" title="Coupling Widget Variables"> Coupling Widget Variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#the-window-manager');" title="The Window Manager"> The Window Manager </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#tk-option-data-types');" title="Tk Option Data Types"> Tk Option Data Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#bindings-and-events');" title="Bindings and Events"> Bindings and Events </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#the-index-parameter');" title="The index Parameter"> The index Parameter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#images');" title="Images"> Images </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.html#file-handlers');" title="File Handlers"> File Handlers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html');" title="tkinter.ttk — Tk themed widgets"> tkinter.ttk — Tk themed widgets </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#using-ttk');" title="Using Ttk"> Using Ttk </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-widgets');" title="Ttk Widgets"> Ttk Widgets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#widget');" title="Widget"> Widget </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#standard-options');" title="Standard Options"> Standard Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#scrollable-widget-options');" title="Scrollable Widget Options"> Scrollable Widget Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#label-options');" title="Label Options"> Label Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#compatibility-options');" title="Compatibility Options"> Compatibility Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#widget-states');" title="Widget States"> Widget States </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-widget');" title="ttk.Widget"> ttk.Widget </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#combobox');" title="Combobox"> Combobox </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#options');" title="Options"> Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#virtual-events');" title="Virtual events"> Virtual events </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-combobox');" title="ttk.Combobox"> ttk.Combobox </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#spinbox');" title="Spinbox"> Spinbox </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#id1');" title="Options"> Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#id2');" title="Virtual events"> Virtual events </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-spinbox');" title="ttk.Spinbox"> ttk.Spinbox </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#notebook');" title="Notebook"> Notebook </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#id3');" title="Options"> Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#tab-options');" title="Tab Options"> Tab Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#tab-identifiers');" title="Tab Identifiers"> Tab Identifiers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#id4');" title="Virtual Events"> Virtual Events </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-notebook');" title="ttk.Notebook"> ttk.Notebook </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#progressbar');" title="Progressbar"> Progressbar </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#id5');" title="Options"> Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-progressbar');" title="ttk.Progressbar"> ttk.Progressbar </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#separator');" title="Separator"> Separator </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#id6');" title="Options"> Options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#sizegrip');" title="Sizegrip"> Sizegrip </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#platform-specific-notes');" title="Platform-specific notes"> Platform-specific notes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#bugs');" title="Bugs"> Bugs </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#treeview');" title="Treeview"> Treeview </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#id7');" title="Options"> Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#item-options');" title="Item Options"> Item Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#tag-options');" title="Tag Options"> Tag Options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#column-identifiers');" title="Column Identifiers"> Column Identifiers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#id8');" title="Virtual Events"> Virtual Events </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-treeview');" title="ttk.Treeview"> ttk.Treeview </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-styling');" title="Ttk Styling"> Ttk Styling </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.ttk.html#layouts');" title="Layouts"> Layouts </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html');" title="tkinter.tix — Extension widgets for Tk"> tkinter.tix — Extension widgets for Tk </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#using-tix');" title="Using Tix"> Using Tix </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#tix-widgets');" title="Tix Widgets"> Tix Widgets </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#basic-widgets');" title="Basic Widgets"> Basic Widgets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#file-selectors');" title="File Selectors"> File Selectors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#hierarchical-listbox');" title="Hierarchical ListBox"> Hierarchical ListBox </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#tabular-listbox');" title="Tabular ListBox"> Tabular ListBox </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#manager-widgets');" title="Manager Widgets"> Manager Widgets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#image-types');" title="Image Types"> Image Types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#miscellaneous-widgets');" title="Miscellaneous Widgets"> Miscellaneous Widgets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#form-geometry-manager');" title="Form Geometry Manager"> Form Geometry Manager </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.tix.html#tix-commands');" title="Tix Commands"> Tix Commands </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tkinter.scrolledtext.html');" title="tkinter.scrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget"> tkinter.scrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html');" title="IDLE"> IDLE </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#menus');" title="Menus"> Menus </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#file-menu-shell-and-editor');" title="File menu (Shell and Editor)"> File menu (Shell and Editor) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#edit-menu-shell-and-editor');" title="Edit menu (Shell and Editor)"> Edit menu (Shell and Editor) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#format-menu-editor-window-only');" title="Format menu (Editor window only)"> Format menu (Editor window only) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#run-menu-editor-window-only');" title="Run menu (Editor window only)"> Run menu (Editor window only) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#shell-menu-shell-window-only');" title="Shell menu (Shell window only)"> Shell menu (Shell window only) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#debug-menu-shell-window-only');" title="Debug menu (Shell window only)"> Debug menu (Shell window only) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#options-menu-shell-and-editor');" title="Options menu (Shell and Editor)"> Options menu (Shell and Editor) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#window-menu-shell-and-editor');" title="Window menu (Shell and Editor)"> Window menu (Shell and Editor) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#help-menu-shell-and-editor');" title="Help menu (Shell and Editor)"> Help menu (Shell and Editor) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#context-menus');" title="Context Menus"> Context Menus </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#editing-and-navigation');" title="Editing and navigation"> Editing and navigation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#editor-windows');" title="Editor windows"> Editor windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#key-bindings');" title="Key bindings"> Key bindings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#automatic-indentation');" title="Automatic indentation"> Automatic indentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#completions');" title="Completions"> Completions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#calltips');" title="Calltips"> Calltips </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#code-context');" title="Code Context"> Code Context </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#python-shell-window');" title="Python Shell window"> Python Shell window </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#text-colors');" title="Text colors"> Text colors </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#startup-and-code-execution');" title="Startup and code execution"> Startup and code execution </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#command-line-usage');" title="Command line usage"> Command line usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#startup-failure');" title="Startup failure"> Startup failure </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#running-user-code');" title="Running user code"> Running user code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#user-output-in-shell');" title="User output in Shell"> User output in Shell </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#developing-tkinter-applications');" title="Developing tkinter applications"> Developing tkinter applications </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#running-without-a-subprocess');" title="Running without a subprocess"> Running without a subprocess </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#help-and-preferences');" title="Help and preferences"> Help and preferences </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#help-sources');" title="Help sources"> Help sources </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#setting-preferences');" title="Setting preferences"> Setting preferences </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#idle-on-macos');" title="IDLE on macOS"> IDLE on macOS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-idle.html#extensions');" title="Extensions"> Extensions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-othergui.html');" title="Other Graphical User Interface Packages"> Other Graphical User Interface Packages </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-development.html');" title="Development Tools"> Development Tools </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html');" title="typing — Support for type hints"> typing — Support for type hints </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html#type-aliases');" title="Type aliases"> Type aliases </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html#newtype');" title="NewType"> NewType </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html#callable');" title="Callable"> Callable </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html#generics');" title="Generics"> Generics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html#user-defined-generic-types');" title="User-defined generic types"> User-defined generic types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html#the-any-type');" title="The Any type"> The Any type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html#nominal-vs-structural-subtyping');" title="Nominal vs structural subtyping"> Nominal vs structural subtyping </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-typing.html#classes-functions-and-decorators');" title="Classes, functions, and decorators"> Classes, functions, and decorators </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pydoc.html');" title="pydoc — Documentation generator and online help system"> pydoc — Documentation generator and online help system </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html');" title="doctest — Test interactive Python examples"> doctest — Test interactive Python examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#simple-usage-checking-examples-in-docstrings');" title="Simple Usage: Checking Examples in Docstrings"> Simple Usage: Checking Examples in Docstrings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#simple-usage-checking-examples-in-a-text-file');" title="Simple Usage: Checking Examples in a Text File"> Simple Usage: Checking Examples in a Text File </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#how-it-works');" title="How It Works"> How It Works </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#which-docstrings-are-examined');" title="Which Docstrings Are Examined?"> Which Docstrings Are Examined? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#how-are-docstring-examples-recognized');" title="How are Docstring Examples Recognized?"> How are Docstring Examples Recognized? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#what-s-the-execution-context');" title="What’s the Execution Context?"> What’s the Execution Context? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#what-about-exceptions');" title="What About Exceptions?"> What About Exceptions? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#option-flags');" title="Option Flags"> Option Flags </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#directives');" title="Directives"> Directives </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#warnings');" title="Warnings"> Warnings </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#basic-api');" title="Basic API"> Basic API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#unittest-api');" title="Unittest API"> Unittest API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#advanced-api');" title="Advanced API"> Advanced API </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#doctest-objects');" title="DocTest Objects"> DocTest Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#example-objects');" title="Example Objects"> Example Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#doctestfinder-objects');" title="DocTestFinder objects"> DocTestFinder objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#doctestparser-objects');" title="DocTestParser objects"> DocTestParser objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#doctestrunner-objects');" title="DocTestRunner objects"> DocTestRunner objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#outputchecker-objects');" title="OutputChecker objects"> OutputChecker objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#debugging');" title="Debugging"> Debugging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-doctest.html#soapbox');" title="Soapbox"> Soapbox </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html');" title="unittest — Unit testing framework"> unittest — Unit testing framework </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#basic-example');" title="Basic example"> Basic example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command-Line Interface"> Command-Line Interface </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#command-line-options');" title="Command-line options"> Command-line options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#test-discovery');" title="Test Discovery"> Test Discovery </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#organizing-test-code');" title="Organizing test code"> Organizing test code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#re-using-old-test-code');" title="Re-using old test code"> Re-using old test code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#skipping-tests-and-expected-failures');" title="Skipping tests and expected failures"> Skipping tests and expected failures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#distinguishing-test-iterations-using-subtests');" title="Distinguishing test iterations using subtests"> Distinguishing test iterations using subtests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#classes-and-functions');" title="Classes and functions"> Classes and functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#test-cases');" title="Test cases"> Test cases </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#deprecated-aliases');" title="Deprecated aliases"> Deprecated aliases </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#grouping-tests');" title="Grouping tests"> Grouping tests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#loading-and-running-tests');" title="Loading and running tests"> Loading and running tests </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#load-tests-protocol');" title="load_tests Protocol"> load_tests Protocol </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#class-and-module-fixtures');" title="Class and Module Fixtures"> Class and Module Fixtures </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#setupclass-and-teardownclass');" title="setUpClass and tearDownClass"> setUpClass and tearDownClass </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#setupmodule-and-teardownmodule');" title="setUpModule and tearDownModule"> setUpModule and tearDownModule </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.html#signal-handling');" title="Signal Handling"> Signal Handling </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html');" title="unittest.mock — mock object library"> unittest.mock — mock object library </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#quick-guide');" title="Quick Guide"> Quick Guide </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#the-mock-class');" title="The Mock Class"> The Mock Class </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#calling');" title="Calling"> Calling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#deleting-attributes');" title="Deleting Attributes"> Deleting Attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#mock-names-and-the-name-attribute');" title="Mock names and the name attribute"> Mock names and the name attribute </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#attaching-mocks-as-attributes');" title="Attaching Mocks as Attributes"> Attaching Mocks as Attributes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#the-patchers');" title="The patchers"> The patchers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#patch');" title="patch"> patch </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#patch-object');" title="patch.object"> patch.object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#patch-dict');" title="patch.dict"> patch.dict </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#patch-multiple');" title="patch.multiple"> patch.multiple </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#patch-methods-start-and-stop');" title="patch methods: start and stop"> patch methods: start and stop </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#patch-builtins');" title="patch builtins"> patch builtins </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#test-prefix');" title="TEST_PREFIX"> TEST_PREFIX </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#nesting-patch-decorators');" title="Nesting Patch Decorators"> Nesting Patch Decorators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#where-to-patch');" title="Where to patch"> Where to patch </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#patching-descriptors-and-proxy-objects');" title="Patching Descriptors and Proxy Objects"> Patching Descriptors and Proxy Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#magicmock-and-magic-method-support');" title="MagicMock and magic method support"> MagicMock and magic method support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#mocking-magic-methods');" title="Mocking Magic Methods"> Mocking Magic Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#magic-mock');" title="Magic Mock"> Magic Mock </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#helpers');" title="Helpers"> Helpers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#sentinel');" title="sentinel"> sentinel </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#default');" title="DEFAULT"> DEFAULT </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#call');" title="call"> call </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#create-autospec');" title="create_autospec"> create_autospec </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#any');" title="ANY"> ANY </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#filter-dir');" title="FILTER_DIR"> FILTER_DIR </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#mock-open');" title="mock_open"> mock_open </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#autospeccing');" title="Autospeccing"> Autospeccing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock.html#sealing-mocks');" title="Sealing mocks"> Sealing mocks </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html');" title="unittest.mock — getting started"> unittest.mock — getting started </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#using-mock');" title="Using Mock"> Using Mock </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mock-patching-methods');" title="Mock Patching Methods"> Mock Patching Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mock-for-method-calls-on-an-object');" title="Mock for Method Calls on an Object"> Mock for Method Calls on an Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mocking-classes');" title="Mocking Classes"> Mocking Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#naming-your-mocks');" title="Naming your mocks"> Naming your mocks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#tracking-all-calls');" title="Tracking all Calls"> Tracking all Calls </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#setting-return-values-and-attributes');" title="Setting Return Values and Attributes"> Setting Return Values and Attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#raising-exceptions-with-mocks');" title="Raising exceptions with mocks"> Raising exceptions with mocks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#side-effect-functions-and-iterables');" title="Side effect functions and iterables"> Side effect functions and iterables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mocking-asynchronous-iterators');" title="Mocking asynchronous iterators"> Mocking asynchronous iterators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mocking-asynchronous-context-manager');" title="Mocking asynchronous context manager"> Mocking asynchronous context manager </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#creating-a-mock-from-an-existing-object');" title="Creating a Mock from an Existing Object"> Creating a Mock from an Existing Object </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#patch-decorators');" title="Patch Decorators"> Patch Decorators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#further-examples');" title="Further Examples"> Further Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mocking-chained-calls');" title="Mocking chained calls"> Mocking chained calls </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#partial-mocking');" title="Partial mocking"> Partial mocking </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mocking-a-generator-method');" title="Mocking a Generator Method"> Mocking a Generator Method </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#applying-the-same-patch-to-every-test-method');" title="Applying the same patch to every test method"> Applying the same patch to every test method </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mocking-unbound-methods');" title="Mocking Unbound Methods"> Mocking Unbound Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#checking-multiple-calls-with-mock');" title="Checking multiple calls with mock"> Checking multiple calls with mock </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#coping-with-mutable-arguments');" title="Coping with mutable arguments"> Coping with mutable arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#nesting-patches');" title="Nesting Patches"> Nesting Patches </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mocking-a-dictionary-with-magicmock');" title="Mocking a dictionary with MagicMock"> Mocking a dictionary with MagicMock </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mock-subclasses-and-their-attributes');" title="Mock subclasses and their attributes"> Mock subclasses and their attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#mocking-imports-with-patch-dict');" title="Mocking imports with patch.dict"> Mocking imports with patch.dict </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#tracking-order-of-calls-and-less-verbose-call-assertions');" title="Tracking order of calls and less verbose call assertions"> Tracking order of calls and less verbose call assertions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unittest.mock-examples.html#more-complex-argument-matching');" title="More complex argument matching"> More complex argument matching </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-2to3.html');" title="2to3 - Automated Python 2 to 3 code translation"> 2to3 - Automated Python 2 to 3 code translation </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-2to3.html#using-2to3');" title="Using 2to3"> Using 2to3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-2to3.html#fixers');" title="Fixers"> Fixers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-2to3.html#module-lib2to3');" title="lib2to3 - 2to3’s library"> lib2to3 - 2to3’s library </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-test.html');" title="test — Regression tests package for Python"> test — Regression tests package for Python </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-test.html#writing-unit-tests-for-the-test-package');" title="Writing Unit Tests for the test package"> Writing Unit Tests for the test package </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-test.html#running-tests-using-the-command-line-interface');" title="Running tests using the command-line interface"> Running tests using the command-line interface </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-test.html#module-test.support');" title="test.support — Utilities for the Python test suite"> test.support — Utilities for the Python test suite </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-test.html#module-test.support.script_helper');" title="test.support.script_helper — Utilities for the Python execution tests"> test.support.script_helper — Utilities for the Python execution tests </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-debug.html');" title="Debugging and Profiling"> Debugging and Profiling </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-audit_events.html');" title="Audit events table"> Audit events table </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-bdb.html');" title="bdb — Debugger framework"> bdb — Debugger framework </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-faulthandler.html');" title="faulthandler — Dump the Python traceback"> faulthandler — Dump the Python traceback </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-faulthandler.html#dumping-the-traceback');" title="Dumping the traceback"> Dumping the traceback </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-faulthandler.html#fault-handler-state');" title="Fault handler state"> Fault handler state </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-faulthandler.html#dumping-the-tracebacks-after-a-timeout');" title="Dumping the tracebacks after a timeout"> Dumping the tracebacks after a timeout </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-faulthandler.html#dumping-the-traceback-on-a-user-signal');" title="Dumping the traceback on a user signal"> Dumping the traceback on a user signal </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-faulthandler.html#issue-with-file-descriptors');" title="Issue with file descriptors"> Issue with file descriptors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-faulthandler.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pdb.html');" title="pdb — The Python Debugger"> pdb — The Python Debugger </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pdb.html#debugger-commands');" title="Debugger Commands"> Debugger Commands </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html');" title="The Python Profilers"> The Python Profilers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html#introduction-to-the-profilers');" title="Introduction to the profilers"> Introduction to the profilers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html#instant-user-s-manual');" title="Instant User’s Manual"> Instant User’s Manual </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html#module-cProfile');" title="profile and cProfile Module Reference"> profile and cProfile Module Reference </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html#the-stats-class');" title="The Stats Class"> The Stats Class </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html#what-is-deterministic-profiling');" title="What Is Deterministic Profiling?"> What Is Deterministic Profiling? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html#limitations');" title="Limitations"> Limitations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html#calibration');" title="Calibration"> Calibration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-profile.html#using-a-custom-timer');" title="Using a custom timer"> Using a custom timer </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-timeit.html');" title="timeit — Measure execution time of small code snippets"> timeit — Measure execution time of small code snippets </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-timeit.html#basic-examples');" title="Basic Examples"> Basic Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-timeit.html#python-interface');" title="Python Interface"> Python Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-timeit.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command-Line Interface"> Command-Line Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-timeit.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-trace.html');" title="trace — Trace or track Python statement execution"> trace — Trace or track Python statement execution </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-trace.html#command-line-usage');" title="Command-Line Usage"> Command-Line Usage </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-trace.html#main-options');" title="Main options"> Main options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-trace.html#modifiers');" title="Modifiers"> Modifiers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-trace.html#filters');" title="Filters"> Filters </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-trace.html#programmatic-interface');" title="Programmatic Interface"> Programmatic Interface </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html');" title="tracemalloc — Trace memory allocations"> tracemalloc — Trace memory allocations </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#display-the-top-10');" title="Display the top 10"> Display the top 10 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#compute-differences');" title="Compute differences"> Compute differences </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#get-the-traceback-of-a-memory-block');" title="Get the traceback of a memory block"> Get the traceback of a memory block </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#pretty-top');" title="Pretty top"> Pretty top </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#api');" title="API"> API </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#domainfilter');" title="DomainFilter"> DomainFilter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#filter');" title="Filter"> Filter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#frame');" title="Frame"> Frame </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#snapshot');" title="Snapshot"> Snapshot </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#statistic');" title="Statistic"> Statistic </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#statisticdiff');" title="StatisticDiff"> StatisticDiff </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#trace');" title="Trace"> Trace </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tracemalloc.html#traceback');" title="Traceback"> Traceback </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-distribution.html');" title="Software Packaging and Distribution"> Software Packaging and Distribution </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-distutils.html');" title="distutils — Building and installing Python modules"> distutils — Building and installing Python modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ensurepip.html');" title="ensurepip — Bootstrapping the pip installer"> ensurepip — Bootstrapping the pip installer </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ensurepip.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command line interface"> Command line interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ensurepip.html#module-api');" title="Module API"> Module API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-venv.html');" title="venv — Creation of virtual environments"> venv — Creation of virtual environments </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-venv.html#creating-virtual-environments');" title="Creating virtual environments"> Creating virtual environments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-venv.html#api');" title="API"> API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-venv.html#an-example-of-extending-envbuilder');" title="An example of extending EnvBuilder"> An example of extending EnvBuilder </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html');" title="zipapp — Manage executable Python zip archives"> zipapp — Manage executable Python zip archives </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#basic-example');" title="Basic Example"> Basic Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command-Line Interface"> Command-Line Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#python-api');" title="Python API"> Python API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#specifying-the-interpreter');" title="Specifying the Interpreter"> Specifying the Interpreter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#creating-standalone-applications-with-zipapp');" title="Creating Standalone Applications with zipapp"> Creating Standalone Applications with zipapp </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#making-a-windows-executable');" title="Making a Windows executable"> Making a Windows executable </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#caveats');" title="Caveats"> Caveats </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipapp.html#the-python-zip-application-archive-format');" title="The Python Zip Application Archive Format"> The Python Zip Application Archive Format </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-python.html');" title="Python Runtime Services"> Python Runtime Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sys.html');" title="sys — System-specific parameters and functions"> sys — System-specific parameters and functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sysconfig.html');" title="sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information"> sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sysconfig.html#configuration-variables');" title="Configuration variables"> Configuration variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sysconfig.html#installation-paths');" title="Installation paths"> Installation paths </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sysconfig.html#other-functions');" title="Other functions"> Other functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-sysconfig.html#using-sysconfig-as-a-script');" title="Using sysconfig as a script"> Using sysconfig as a script </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-builtins.html');" title="builtins — Built-in objects"> builtins — Built-in objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-__main__.html');" title="__main__ — Top-level script environment"> __main__ — Top-level script environment </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html');" title="warnings — Warning control"> warnings — Warning control </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#warning-categories');" title="Warning Categories"> Warning Categories </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#the-warnings-filter');" title="The Warnings Filter"> The Warnings Filter </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#describing-warning-filters');" title="Describing Warning Filters"> Describing Warning Filters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#default-warning-filter');" title="Default Warning Filter"> Default Warning Filter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#overriding-the-default-filter');" title="Overriding the default filter"> Overriding the default filter </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#temporarily-suppressing-warnings');" title="Temporarily Suppressing Warnings"> Temporarily Suppressing Warnings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#testing-warnings');" title="Testing Warnings"> Testing Warnings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#updating-code-for-new-versions-of-dependencies');" title="Updating Code For New Versions of Dependencies"> Updating Code For New Versions of Dependencies </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#available-functions');" title="Available Functions"> Available Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-warnings.html#available-context-managers');" title="Available Context Managers"> Available Context Managers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html');" title="dataclasses — Data Classes"> dataclasses — Data Classes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#module-level-decorators-classes-and-functions');" title="Module-level decorators, classes, and functions"> Module-level decorators, classes, and functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#post-init-processing');" title="Post-init processing"> Post-init processing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#class-variables');" title="Class variables"> Class variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#init-only-variables');" title="Init-only variables"> Init-only variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#frozen-instances');" title="Frozen instances"> Frozen instances </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#inheritance');" title="Inheritance"> Inheritance </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#default-factory-functions');" title="Default factory functions"> Default factory functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#mutable-default-values');" title="Mutable default values"> Mutable default values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dataclasses.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html');" title="contextlib — Utilities for with-statement contexts"> contextlib — Utilities for with-statement contexts </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#utilities');" title="Utilities"> Utilities </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#examples-and-recipes');" title="Examples and Recipes"> Examples and Recipes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#supporting-a-variable-number-of-context-managers');" title="Supporting a variable number of context managers"> Supporting a variable number of context managers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#catching-exceptions-from-enter-methods');" title="Catching exceptions from __enter__ methods"> Catching exceptions from __enter__ methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#cleaning-up-in-an-enter-implementation');" title="Cleaning up in an __enter__ implementation"> Cleaning up in an __enter__ implementation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#replacing-any-use-of-try-finally-and-flag-variables');" title="Replacing any use of try-finally and flag variables"> Replacing any use of try-finally and flag variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#using-a-context-manager-as-a-function-decorator');" title="Using a context manager as a function decorator"> Using a context manager as a function decorator </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#single-use-reusable-and-reentrant-context-managers');" title="Single use, reusable and reentrant context managers"> Single use, reusable and reentrant context managers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#reentrant-context-managers');" title="Reentrant context managers"> Reentrant context managers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-contextlib.html#reusable-context-managers');" title="Reusable context managers"> Reusable context managers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-abc.html');" title="abc — Abstract Base Classes"> abc — Abstract Base Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-atexit.html');" title="atexit — Exit handlers"> atexit — Exit handlers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-atexit.html#atexit-example');" title="atexit Example"> atexit Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-traceback.html');" title="traceback — Print or retrieve a stack traceback"> traceback — Print or retrieve a stack traceback </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-traceback.html#tracebackexception-objects');" title="TracebackException Objects"> TracebackException Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-traceback.html#stacksummary-objects');" title="StackSummary Objects"> StackSummary Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-traceback.html#framesummary-objects');" title="FrameSummary Objects"> FrameSummary Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-traceback.html#traceback-examples');" title="Traceback Examples"> Traceback Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-__future__.html');" title="__future__ — Future statement definitions"> __future__ — Future statement definitions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-gc.html');" title="gc — Garbage Collector interface"> gc — Garbage Collector interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html');" title="inspect — Inspect live objects"> inspect — Inspect live objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#types-and-members');" title="Types and members"> Types and members </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#retrieving-source-code');" title="Retrieving source code"> Retrieving source code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#introspecting-callables-with-the-signature-object');" title="Introspecting callables with the Signature object"> Introspecting callables with the Signature object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#classes-and-functions');" title="Classes and functions"> Classes and functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#the-interpreter-stack');" title="The interpreter stack"> The interpreter stack </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#fetching-attributes-statically');" title="Fetching attributes statically"> Fetching attributes statically </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#current-state-of-generators-and-coroutines');" title="Current State of Generators and Coroutines"> Current State of Generators and Coroutines </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#code-objects-bit-flags');" title="Code Objects Bit Flags"> Code Objects Bit Flags </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-inspect.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command Line Interface"> Command Line Interface </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-site.html');" title="site — Site-specific configuration hook"> site — Site-specific configuration hook </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-site.html#readline-configuration');" title="Readline configuration"> Readline configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-site.html#module-contents');" title="Module contents"> Module contents </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-site.html#command-line-interface');" title="Command Line Interface"> Command Line Interface </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-custominterp.html');" title="Custom Python Interpreters"> Custom Python Interpreters </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-code.html');" title="code — Interpreter base classes"> code — Interpreter base classes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-code.html#interactive-interpreter-objects');" title="Interactive Interpreter Objects"> Interactive Interpreter Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-code.html#interactive-console-objects');" title="Interactive Console Objects"> Interactive Console Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-codeop.html');" title="codeop — Compile Python code"> codeop — Compile Python code </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-modules.html');" title="Importing Modules"> Importing Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipimport.html');" title="zipimport — Import modules from Zip archives"> zipimport — Import modules from Zip archives </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipimport.html#zipimporter-objects');" title="zipimporter Objects"> zipimporter Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-zipimport.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pkgutil.html');" title="pkgutil — Package extension utility"> pkgutil — Package extension utility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-modulefinder.html');" title="modulefinder — Find modules used by a script"> modulefinder — Find modules used by a script </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-modulefinder.html#example-usage-of-modulefinder');" title="Example usage of ModuleFinder"> Example usage of ModuleFinder </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-runpy.html');" title="runpy — Locating and executing Python modules"> runpy — Locating and executing Python modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html');" title="importlib — The implementation of import"> importlib — The implementation of import </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#module-importlib.abc');" title="importlib.abc – Abstract base classes related to import"> importlib.abc – Abstract base classes related to import </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#module-importlib.resources');" title="importlib.resources – Resources"> importlib.resources – Resources </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#module-importlib.machinery');" title="importlib.machinery – Importers and path hooks"> importlib.machinery – Importers and path hooks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#module-importlib.util');" title="importlib.util – Utility code for importers"> importlib.util – Utility code for importers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#importing-programmatically');" title="Importing programmatically"> Importing programmatically </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#checking-if-a-module-can-be-imported');" title="Checking if a module can be imported"> Checking if a module can be imported </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#importing-a-source-file-directly');" title="Importing a source file directly"> Importing a source file directly </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#setting-up-an-importer');" title="Setting up an importer"> Setting up an importer </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.html#approximating-importlib-import-module');" title="Approximating importlib.import_module()"> Approximating importlib.import_module() </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html');" title="Using importlib.metadata"> Using importlib.metadata </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#overview');" title="Overview"> Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#functional-api');" title="Functional API"> Functional API </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#entry-points');" title="Entry points"> Entry points </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#distribution-metadata');" title="Distribution metadata"> Distribution metadata </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#distribution-versions');" title="Distribution versions"> Distribution versions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#distribution-files');" title="Distribution files"> Distribution files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#distribution-requirements');" title="Distribution requirements"> Distribution requirements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#distributions');" title="Distributions"> Distributions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-importlib.metadata.html#extending-the-search-algorithm');" title="Extending the search algorithm"> Extending the search algorithm </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-language.html');" title="Python Language Services"> Python Language Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-parser.html');" title="parser — Access Python parse trees"> parser — Access Python parse trees </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-parser.html#creating-st-objects');" title="Creating ST Objects"> Creating ST Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-parser.html#converting-st-objects');" title="Converting ST Objects"> Converting ST Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-parser.html#queries-on-st-objects');" title="Queries on ST Objects"> Queries on ST Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-parser.html#exceptions-and-error-handling');" title="Exceptions and Error Handling"> Exceptions and Error Handling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-parser.html#st-objects');" title="ST Objects"> ST Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-parser.html#example-emulation-of-compile');" title="Example: Emulation of compile()"> Example: Emulation of compile() </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ast.html');" title="ast — Abstract Syntax Trees"> ast — Abstract Syntax Trees </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ast.html#node-classes');" title="Node classes"> Node classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ast.html#abstract-grammar');" title="Abstract Grammar"> Abstract Grammar </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-ast.html#ast-helpers');" title="ast Helpers"> ast Helpers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-symtable.html');" title="symtable — Access to the compiler’s symbol tables"> symtable — Access to the compiler’s symbol tables </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-symtable.html#generating-symbol-tables');" title="Generating Symbol Tables"> Generating Symbol Tables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-symtable.html#examining-symbol-tables');" title="Examining Symbol Tables"> Examining Symbol Tables </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-symbol.html');" title="symbol — Constants used with Python parse trees"> symbol — Constants used with Python parse trees </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-token.html');" title="token — Constants used with Python parse trees"> token — Constants used with Python parse trees </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-keyword.html');" title="keyword — Testing for Python keywords"> keyword — Testing for Python keywords </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tokenize.html');" title="tokenize — Tokenizer for Python source"> tokenize — Tokenizer for Python source </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tokenize.html#tokenizing-input');" title="Tokenizing Input"> Tokenizing Input </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tokenize.html#command-line-usage');" title="Command-Line Usage"> Command-Line Usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tokenize.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tabnanny.html');" title="tabnanny — Detection of ambiguous indentation"> tabnanny — Detection of ambiguous indentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyclbr.html');" title="pyclbr — Python module browser support"> pyclbr — Python module browser support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyclbr.html#function-objects');" title="Function Objects"> Function Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pyclbr.html#class-objects');" title="Class Objects"> Class Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-py_compile.html');" title="py_compile — Compile Python source files"> py_compile — Compile Python source files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-compileall.html');" title="compileall — Byte-compile Python libraries"> compileall — Byte-compile Python libraries </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-compileall.html#command-line-use');" title="Command-line use"> Command-line use </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-compileall.html#public-functions');" title="Public functions"> Public functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dis.html');" title="dis — Disassembler for Python bytecode"> dis — Disassembler for Python bytecode </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dis.html#bytecode-analysis');" title="Bytecode analysis"> Bytecode analysis </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dis.html#analysis-functions');" title="Analysis functions"> Analysis functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dis.html#python-bytecode-instructions');" title="Python Bytecode Instructions"> Python Bytecode Instructions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-dis.html#opcode-collections');" title="Opcode collections"> Opcode collections </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickletools.html');" title="pickletools — Tools for pickle developers"> pickletools — Tools for pickle developers </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickletools.html#command-line-usage');" title="Command line usage"> Command line usage </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickletools.html#command-line-options');" title="Command line options"> Command line options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pickletools.html#programmatic-interface');" title="Programmatic Interface"> Programmatic Interface </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-misc.html');" title="Miscellaneous Services"> Miscellaneous Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-formatter.html');" title="formatter — Generic output formatting"> formatter — Generic output formatting </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-formatter.html#the-formatter-interface');" title="The Formatter Interface"> The Formatter Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-formatter.html#formatter-implementations');" title="Formatter Implementations"> Formatter Implementations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-formatter.html#the-writer-interface');" title="The Writer Interface"> The Writer Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-formatter.html#writer-implementations');" title="Writer Implementations"> Writer Implementations </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-windows.html');" title="MS Windows Specific Services"> MS Windows Specific Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html');" title="msilib — Read and write Microsoft Installer files"> msilib — Read and write Microsoft Installer files </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#database-objects');" title="Database Objects"> Database Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#view-objects');" title="View Objects"> View Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#summary-information-objects');" title="Summary Information Objects"> Summary Information Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#record-objects');" title="Record Objects"> Record Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#errors');" title="Errors"> Errors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#cab-objects');" title="CAB Objects"> CAB Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#directory-objects');" title="Directory Objects"> Directory Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#features');" title="Features"> Features </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#gui-classes');" title="GUI classes"> GUI classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msilib.html#precomputed-tables');" title="Precomputed tables"> Precomputed tables </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msvcrt.html');" title="msvcrt — Useful routines from the MS VC++ runtime"> msvcrt — Useful routines from the MS VC++ runtime </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msvcrt.html#file-operations');" title="File Operations"> File Operations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msvcrt.html#console-i-o');" title="Console I/O"> Console I/O </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-msvcrt.html#other-functions');" title="Other Functions"> Other Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winreg.html');" title="winreg — Windows registry access"> winreg — Windows registry access </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winreg.html#functions');" title="Functions"> Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winreg.html#constants');" title="Constants"> Constants </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winreg.html#hkey-constants');" title="HKEY_* Constants"> HKEY_* Constants </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winreg.html#access-rights');" title="Access Rights"> Access Rights </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winreg.html#bit-specific');" title="64-bit Specific"> 64-bit Specific </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winreg.html#value-types');" title="Value Types"> Value Types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winreg.html#registry-handle-objects');" title="Registry Handle Objects"> Registry Handle Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-winsound.html');" title="winsound — Sound-playing interface for Windows"> winsound — Sound-playing interface for Windows </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-unix.html');" title="Unix Specific Services"> Unix Specific Services </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-posix.html');" title="posix — The most common POSIX system calls"> posix — The most common POSIX system calls </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-posix.html#large-file-support');" title="Large File Support"> Large File Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-posix.html#notable-module-contents');" title="Notable Module Contents"> Notable Module Contents </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pwd.html');" title="pwd — The password database"> pwd — The password database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-spwd.html');" title="spwd — The shadow password database"> spwd — The shadow password database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-grp.html');" title="grp — The group database"> grp — The group database </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-crypt.html');" title="crypt — Function to check Unix passwords"> crypt — Function to check Unix passwords </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-crypt.html#hashing-methods');" title="Hashing Methods"> Hashing Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-crypt.html#module-attributes');" title="Module Attributes"> Module Attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-crypt.html#module-functions');" title="Module Functions"> Module Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-crypt.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-termios.html');" title="termios — POSIX style tty control"> termios — POSIX style tty control </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-termios.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-tty.html');" title="tty — Terminal control functions"> tty — Terminal control functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pty.html');" title="pty — Pseudo-terminal utilities"> pty — Pseudo-terminal utilities </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pty.html#example');" title="Example"> Example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-fcntl.html');" title="fcntl — The fcntl and ioctl system calls"> fcntl — The fcntl and ioctl system calls </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pipes.html');" title="pipes — Interface to shell pipelines"> pipes — Interface to shell pipelines </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-pipes.html#template-objects');" title="Template Objects"> Template Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-resource.html');" title="resource — Resource usage information"> resource — Resource usage information </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-resource.html#resource-limits');" title="Resource Limits"> Resource Limits </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-resource.html#resource-usage');" title="Resource Usage"> Resource Usage </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-nis.html');" title="nis — Interface to Sun’s NIS (Yellow Pages)"> nis — Interface to Sun’s NIS (Yellow Pages) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-syslog.html');" title="syslog — Unix syslog library routines"> syslog — Unix syslog library routines </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-syslog.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-syslog.html#simple-example');" title="Simple example"> Simple example </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-superseded.html');" title="Superseded Modules"> Superseded Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html');" title="optparse — Parser for command line options"> optparse — Parser for command line options </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#background');" title="Background"> Background </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#terminology');" title="Terminology"> Terminology </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#what-are-options-for');" title="What are options for?"> What are options for? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#what-are-positional-arguments-for');" title="What are positional arguments for?"> What are positional arguments for? </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#tutorial');" title="Tutorial"> Tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#understanding-option-actions');" title="Understanding option actions"> Understanding option actions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#the-store-action');" title="The store action"> The store action </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#handling-boolean-flag-options');" title="Handling boolean (flag) options"> Handling boolean (flag) options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#other-actions');" title="Other actions"> Other actions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#default-values');" title="Default values"> Default values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#generating-help');" title="Generating help"> Generating help </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#grouping-options');" title="Grouping Options"> Grouping Options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#printing-a-version-string');" title="Printing a version string"> Printing a version string </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#how-optparse-handles-errors');" title="How optparse handles errors"> How optparse handles errors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#putting-it-all-together');" title="Putting it all together"> Putting it all together </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#reference-guide');" title="Reference Guide"> Reference Guide </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#creating-the-parser');" title="Creating the parser"> Creating the parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#populating-the-parser');" title="Populating the parser"> Populating the parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#defining-options');" title="Defining options"> Defining options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#option-attributes');" title="Option attributes"> Option attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#standard-option-actions');" title="Standard option actions"> Standard option actions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#standard-option-types');" title="Standard option types"> Standard option types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#parsing-arguments');" title="Parsing arguments"> Parsing arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#querying-and-manipulating-your-option-parser');" title="Querying and manipulating your option parser"> Querying and manipulating your option parser </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#conflicts-between-options');" title="Conflicts between options"> Conflicts between options </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#cleanup');" title="Cleanup"> Cleanup </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#other-methods');" title="Other methods"> Other methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#option-callbacks');" title="Option Callbacks"> Option Callbacks </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#defining-a-callback-option');" title="Defining a callback option"> Defining a callback option </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#how-callbacks-are-called');" title="How callbacks are called"> How callbacks are called </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#raising-errors-in-a-callback');" title="Raising errors in a callback"> Raising errors in a callback </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#callback-example-1-trivial-callback');" title="Callback example 1: trivial callback"> Callback example 1: trivial callback </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#callback-example-2-check-option-order');" title="Callback example 2: check option order"> Callback example 2: check option order </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#callback-example-3-check-option-order-generalized');" title="Callback example 3: check option order (generalized)"> Callback example 3: check option order (generalized) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#callback-example-4-check-arbitrary-condition');" title="Callback example 4: check arbitrary condition"> Callback example 4: check arbitrary condition </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#callback-example-5-fixed-arguments');" title="Callback example 5: fixed arguments"> Callback example 5: fixed arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#callback-example-6-variable-arguments');" title="Callback example 6: variable arguments"> Callback example 6: variable arguments </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#extending-optparse');" title="Extending optparse"> Extending optparse </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#adding-new-types');" title="Adding new types"> Adding new types </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-optparse.html#adding-new-actions');" title="Adding new actions"> Adding new actions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-imp.html');" title="imp — Access the import internals"> imp — Access the import internals </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-imp.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-undoc.html');" title="Undocumented Modules"> Undocumented Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-undoc.html#platform-specific-modules');" title="Platform specific modules"> Platform specific modules </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-index.html');" title="Extending and Embedding the Python Interpreter"> Extending and Embedding the Python Interpreter </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-index.html#recommended-third-party-tools');" title="Recommended third party tools"> Recommended third party tools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-index.html#creating-extensions-without-third-party-tools');" title="Creating extensions without third party tools"> Creating extensions without third party tools </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html');" title="1. Extending Python with C or C++"> 1. Extending Python with C or C++ </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#a-simple-example');" title="1.1. A Simple Example"> 1.1. A Simple Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#intermezzo-errors-and-exceptions');" title="1.2. Intermezzo: Errors and Exceptions"> 1.2. Intermezzo: Errors and Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#back-to-the-example');" title="1.3. Back to the Example"> 1.3. Back to the Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#the-module-s-method-table-and-initialization-function');" title="1.4. The Module’s Method Table and Initialization Function"> 1.4. The Module’s Method Table and Initialization Function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#compilation-and-linkage');" title="1.5. Compilation and Linkage"> 1.5. Compilation and Linkage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#calling-python-functions-from-c');" title="1.6. Calling Python Functions from C"> 1.6. Calling Python Functions from C </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#extracting-parameters-in-extension-functions');" title="1.7. Extracting Parameters in Extension Functions"> 1.7. Extracting Parameters in Extension Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#keyword-parameters-for-extension-functions');" title="1.8. Keyword Parameters for Extension Functions"> 1.8. Keyword Parameters for Extension Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#building-arbitrary-values');" title="1.9. Building Arbitrary Values"> 1.9. Building Arbitrary Values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#reference-counts');" title="1.10. Reference Counts"> 1.10. Reference Counts </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#reference-counting-in-python');" title="1.10.1. Reference Counting in Python"> 1.10.1. Reference Counting in Python </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#ownership-rules');" title="1.10.2. Ownership Rules"> 1.10.2. Ownership Rules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#thin-ice');" title="1.10.3. Thin Ice"> 1.10.3. Thin Ice </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#null-pointers');" title="1.10.4. NULL Pointers"> 1.10.4. NULL Pointers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#writing-extensions-in-c');" title="1.11. Writing Extensions in C++"> 1.11. Writing Extensions in C++ </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-extending.html#providing-a-c-api-for-an-extension-module');" title="1.12. Providing a C API for an Extension Module"> 1.12. Providing a C API for an Extension Module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes_tutorial.html');" title="2. Defining Extension Types: Tutorial"> 2. Defining Extension Types: Tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes_tutorial.html#the-basics');" title="2.1. The Basics"> 2.1. The Basics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes_tutorial.html#adding-data-and-methods-to-the-basic-example');" title="2.2. Adding data and methods to the Basic example"> 2.2. Adding data and methods to the Basic example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes_tutorial.html#providing-finer-control-over-data-attributes');" title="2.3. Providing finer control over data attributes"> 2.3. Providing finer control over data attributes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes_tutorial.html#supporting-cyclic-garbage-collection');" title="2.4. Supporting cyclic garbage collection"> 2.4. Supporting cyclic garbage collection </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes_tutorial.html#subclassing-other-types');" title="2.5. Subclassing other types"> 2.5. Subclassing other types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html');" title="3. Defining Extension Types: Assorted Topics"> 3. Defining Extension Types: Assorted Topics </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#finalization-and-de-allocation');" title="3.1. Finalization and De-allocation"> 3.1. Finalization and De-allocation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#object-presentation');" title="3.2. Object Presentation"> 3.2. Object Presentation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#attribute-management');" title="3.3. Attribute Management"> 3.3. Attribute Management </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#generic-attribute-management');" title="3.3.1. Generic Attribute Management"> 3.3.1. Generic Attribute Management </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#type-specific-attribute-management');" title="3.3.2. Type-specific Attribute Management"> 3.3.2. Type-specific Attribute Management </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#object-comparison');" title="3.4. Object Comparison"> 3.4. Object Comparison </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#abstract-protocol-support');" title="3.5. Abstract Protocol Support"> 3.5. Abstract Protocol Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#weak-reference-support');" title="3.6. Weak Reference Support"> 3.6. Weak Reference Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-newtypes.html#more-suggestions');" title="3.7. More Suggestions"> 3.7. More Suggestions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-building.html');" title="4. Building C and C++ Extensions"> 4. Building C and C++ Extensions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-building.html#building-c-and-c-extensions-with-distutils');" title="4.1. Building C and C++ Extensions with distutils"> 4.1. Building C and C++ Extensions with distutils </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-building.html#distributing-your-extension-modules');" title="4.2. Distributing your extension modules"> 4.2. Distributing your extension modules </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-windows.html');" title="5. Building C and C++ Extensions on Windows"> 5. Building C and C++ Extensions on Windows </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-windows.html#a-cookbook-approach');" title="5.1. A Cookbook Approach"> 5.1. A Cookbook Approach </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-windows.html#differences-between-unix-and-windows');" title="5.2. Differences Between Unix and Windows"> 5.2. Differences Between Unix and Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-windows.html#using-dlls-in-practice');" title="5.3. Using DLLs in Practice"> 5.3. Using DLLs in Practice </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-index.html#embedding-the-cpython-runtime-in-a-larger-application');" title="Embedding the CPython runtime in a larger application"> Embedding the CPython runtime in a larger application </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-embedding.html');" title="1. Embedding Python in Another Application"> 1. Embedding Python in Another Application </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-embedding.html#very-high-level-embedding');" title="1.1. Very High Level Embedding"> 1.1. Very High Level Embedding </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-embedding.html#beyond-very-high-level-embedding-an-overview');" title="1.2. Beyond Very High Level Embedding: An overview"> 1.2. Beyond Very High Level Embedding: An overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-embedding.html#pure-embedding');" title="1.3. Pure Embedding"> 1.3. Pure Embedding </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-embedding.html#extending-embedded-python');" title="1.4. Extending Embedded Python"> 1.4. Extending Embedded Python </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-embedding.html#embedding-python-in-c');" title="1.5. Embedding Python in C++"> 1.5. Embedding Python in C++ </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-embedding.html#compiling-and-linking-under-unix-like-systems');" title="1.6. Compiling and Linking under Unix-like systems"> 1.6. Compiling and Linking under Unix-like systems </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-index.html');" title="Python/C API Reference Manual"> Python/C API Reference Manual </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#coding-standards');" title="Coding standards"> Coding standards </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#include-files');" title="Include Files"> Include Files </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#useful-macros');" title="Useful macros"> Useful macros </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#objects-types-and-reference-counts');" title="Objects, Types and Reference Counts"> Objects, Types and Reference Counts </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#reference-counts');" title="Reference Counts"> Reference Counts </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#reference-count-details');" title="Reference Count Details"> Reference Count Details </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#types');" title="Types"> Types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#exceptions');" title="Exceptions"> Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#embedding-python');" title="Embedding Python"> Embedding Python </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-intro.html#debugging-builds');" title="Debugging Builds"> Debugging Builds </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-stable.html');" title="Stable Application Binary Interface"> Stable Application Binary Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-veryhigh.html');" title="The Very High Level Layer"> The Very High Level Layer </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-refcounting.html');" title="Reference Counting"> Reference Counting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html');" title="Exception Handling"> Exception Handling </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#printing-and-clearing');" title="Printing and clearing"> Printing and clearing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#raising-exceptions');" title="Raising exceptions"> Raising exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#issuing-warnings');" title="Issuing warnings"> Issuing warnings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#querying-the-error-indicator');" title="Querying the error indicator"> Querying the error indicator </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#signal-handling');" title="Signal Handling"> Signal Handling </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#exception-classes');" title="Exception Classes"> Exception Classes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#exception-objects');" title="Exception Objects"> Exception Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#unicode-exception-objects');" title="Unicode Exception Objects"> Unicode Exception Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#recursion-control');" title="Recursion Control"> Recursion Control </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#standard-exceptions');" title="Standard Exceptions"> Standard Exceptions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-exceptions.html#standard-warning-categories');" title="Standard Warning Categories"> Standard Warning Categories </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-utilities.html');" title="Utilities"> Utilities </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-sys.html');" title="Operating System Utilities"> Operating System Utilities </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-sys.html#system-functions');" title="System Functions"> System Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-sys.html#process-control');" title="Process Control"> Process Control </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-import.html');" title="Importing Modules"> Importing Modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-marshal.html');" title="Data marshalling support"> Data marshalling support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-arg.html');" title="Parsing arguments and building values"> Parsing arguments and building values </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-arg.html#parsing-arguments');" title="Parsing arguments"> Parsing arguments </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-arg.html#strings-and-buffers');" title="Strings and buffers"> Strings and buffers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-arg.html#numbers');" title="Numbers"> Numbers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-arg.html#other-objects');" title="Other objects"> Other objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-arg.html#api-functions');" title="API Functions"> API Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-arg.html#building-values');" title="Building values"> Building values </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-conversion.html');" title="String conversion and formatting"> String conversion and formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-reflection.html');" title="Reflection"> Reflection </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-codec.html');" title="Codec registry and support functions"> Codec registry and support functions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-codec.html#codec-lookup-api');" title="Codec lookup API"> Codec lookup API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-codec.html#registry-api-for-unicode-encoding-error-handlers');" title="Registry API for Unicode encoding error handlers"> Registry API for Unicode encoding error handlers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-abstract.html');" title="Abstract Objects Layer"> Abstract Objects Layer </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-object.html');" title="Object Protocol"> Object Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-number.html');" title="Number Protocol"> Number Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-sequence.html');" title="Sequence Protocol"> Sequence Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-mapping.html');" title="Mapping Protocol"> Mapping Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-iter.html');" title="Iterator Protocol"> Iterator Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html');" title="Buffer Protocol"> Buffer Protocol </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#buffer-structure');" title="Buffer structure"> Buffer structure </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#buffer-request-types');" title="Buffer request types"> Buffer request types </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#request-independent-fields');" title="request-independent fields"> request-independent fields </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#readonly-format');" title="readonly, format"> readonly, format </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#shape-strides-suboffsets');" title="shape, strides, suboffsets"> shape, strides, suboffsets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#contiguity-requests');" title="contiguity requests"> contiguity requests </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#compound-requests');" title="compound requests"> compound requests </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#complex-arrays');" title="Complex arrays"> Complex arrays </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#numpy-style-shape-and-strides');" title="NumPy-style: shape and strides"> NumPy-style: shape and strides </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#pil-style-shape-strides-and-suboffsets');" title="PIL-style: shape, strides and suboffsets"> PIL-style: shape, strides and suboffsets </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-buffer.html#buffer-related-functions');" title="Buffer-related functions"> Buffer-related functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-objbuffer.html');" title="Old Buffer Protocol"> Old Buffer Protocol </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-concrete.html');" title="Concrete Objects Layer"> Concrete Objects Layer </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-concrete.html#fundamental-objects');" title="Fundamental Objects"> Fundamental Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-type.html');" title="Type Objects"> Type Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-type.html#creating-heap-allocated-types');" title="Creating Heap-Allocated Types"> Creating Heap-Allocated Types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-none.html');" title="The None Object"> The None Object </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-concrete.html#numeric-objects');" title="Numeric Objects"> Numeric Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-long.html');" title="Integer Objects"> Integer Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-bool.html');" title="Boolean Objects"> Boolean Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-float.html');" title="Floating Point Objects"> Floating Point Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-complex.html');" title="Complex Number Objects"> Complex Number Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-complex.html#complex-numbers-as-c-structures');" title="Complex Numbers as C Structures"> Complex Numbers as C Structures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-complex.html#complex-numbers-as-python-objects');" title="Complex Numbers as Python Objects"> Complex Numbers as Python Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-concrete.html#sequence-objects');" title="Sequence Objects"> Sequence Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-bytes.html');" title="Bytes Objects"> Bytes Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-bytearray.html');" title="Byte Array Objects"> Byte Array Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-bytearray.html#type-check-macros');" title="Type check macros"> Type check macros </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-bytearray.html#direct-api-functions');" title="Direct API functions"> Direct API functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-bytearray.html#macros');" title="Macros"> Macros </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html');" title="Unicode Objects and Codecs"> Unicode Objects and Codecs </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#unicode-objects');" title="Unicode Objects"> Unicode Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#unicode-type');" title="Unicode Type"> Unicode Type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#unicode-character-properties');" title="Unicode Character Properties"> Unicode Character Properties </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#creating-and-accessing-unicode-strings');" title="Creating and accessing Unicode strings"> Creating and accessing Unicode strings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#deprecated-py-unicode-apis');" title="Deprecated Py_UNICODE APIs"> Deprecated Py_UNICODE APIs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#locale-encoding');" title="Locale Encoding"> Locale Encoding </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#file-system-encoding');" title="File System Encoding"> File System Encoding </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#wchar-t-support');" title="wchar_t Support"> wchar_t Support </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#built-in-codecs');" title="Built-in Codecs"> Built-in Codecs </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#generic-codecs');" title="Generic Codecs"> Generic Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#utf-8-codecs');" title="UTF-8 Codecs"> UTF-8 Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#utf-32-codecs');" title="UTF-32 Codecs"> UTF-32 Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#utf-16-codecs');" title="UTF-16 Codecs"> UTF-16 Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#utf-7-codecs');" title="UTF-7 Codecs"> UTF-7 Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#unicode-escape-codecs');" title="Unicode-Escape Codecs"> Unicode-Escape Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#raw-unicode-escape-codecs');" title="Raw-Unicode-Escape Codecs"> Raw-Unicode-Escape Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#latin-1-codecs');" title="Latin-1 Codecs"> Latin-1 Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#ascii-codecs');" title="ASCII Codecs"> ASCII Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#character-map-codecs');" title="Character Map Codecs"> Character Map Codecs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#mbcs-codecs-for-windows');" title="MBCS codecs for Windows"> MBCS codecs for Windows </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#methods-slots');" title="Methods &amp; Slots"> Methods &amp; Slots </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-unicode.html#methods-and-slot-functions');" title="Methods and Slot Functions"> Methods and Slot Functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-tuple.html');" title="Tuple Objects"> Tuple Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-tuple.html#struct-sequence-objects');" title="Struct Sequence Objects"> Struct Sequence Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-list.html');" title="List Objects"> List Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-concrete.html#container-objects');" title="Container Objects"> Container Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-dict.html');" title="Dictionary Objects"> Dictionary Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-set.html');" title="Set Objects"> Set Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-concrete.html#function-objects');" title="Function Objects"> Function Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-function.html');" title="Function Objects"> Function Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-method.html');" title="Instance Method Objects"> Instance Method Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-method.html#method-objects');" title="Method Objects"> Method Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-cell.html');" title="Cell Objects"> Cell Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-code.html');" title="Code Objects"> Code Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-concrete.html#other-objects');" title="Other Objects"> Other Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-file.html');" title="File Objects"> File Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-module.html');" title="Module Objects"> Module Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-module.html#initializing-c-modules');" title="Initializing C modules"> Initializing C modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-module.html#single-phase-initialization');" title="Single-phase initialization"> Single-phase initialization </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-module.html#multi-phase-initialization');" title="Multi-phase initialization"> Multi-phase initialization </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-module.html#low-level-module-creation-functions');" title="Low-level module creation functions"> Low-level module creation functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-module.html#support-functions');" title="Support functions"> Support functions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-module.html#module-lookup');" title="Module lookup"> Module lookup </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-iterator.html');" title="Iterator Objects"> Iterator Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-descriptor.html');" title="Descriptor Objects"> Descriptor Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-slice.html');" title="Slice Objects"> Slice Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-slice.html#ellipsis-object');" title="Ellipsis Object"> Ellipsis Object </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memoryview.html');" title="MemoryView objects"> MemoryView objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-weakref.html');" title="Weak Reference Objects"> Weak Reference Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-capsule.html');" title="Capsules"> Capsules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-gen.html');" title="Generator Objects"> Generator Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-coro.html');" title="Coroutine Objects"> Coroutine Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-contextvars.html');" title="Context Variables Objects"> Context Variables Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-datetime.html');" title="DateTime Objects"> DateTime Objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html');" title="Initialization, Finalization, and Threads"> Initialization, Finalization, and Threads </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#before-python-initialization');" title="Before Python Initialization"> Before Python Initialization </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#global-configuration-variables');" title="Global configuration variables"> Global configuration variables </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#initializing-and-finalizing-the-interpreter');" title="Initializing and finalizing the interpreter"> Initializing and finalizing the interpreter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#process-wide-parameters');" title="Process-wide parameters"> Process-wide parameters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#thread-state-and-the-global-interpreter-lock');" title="Thread State and the Global Interpreter Lock"> Thread State and the Global Interpreter Lock </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#releasing-the-gil-from-extension-code');" title="Releasing the GIL from extension code"> Releasing the GIL from extension code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#non-python-created-threads');" title="Non-Python created threads"> Non-Python created threads </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#cautions-about-fork');" title="Cautions about fork()"> Cautions about fork() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#high-level-api');" title="High-level API"> High-level API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#low-level-api');" title="Low-level API"> Low-level API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#sub-interpreter-support');" title="Sub-interpreter support"> Sub-interpreter support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#bugs-and-caveats');" title="Bugs and caveats"> Bugs and caveats </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#asynchronous-notifications');" title="Asynchronous Notifications"> Asynchronous Notifications </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#profiling-and-tracing');" title="Profiling and Tracing"> Profiling and Tracing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#advanced-debugger-support');" title="Advanced Debugger Support"> Advanced Debugger Support </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#thread-local-storage-support');" title="Thread Local Storage Support"> Thread Local Storage Support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#thread-specific-storage-tss-api');" title="Thread Specific Storage (TSS) API"> Thread Specific Storage (TSS) API </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#dynamic-allocation');" title="Dynamic Allocation"> Dynamic Allocation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#methods');" title="Methods"> Methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init.html#thread-local-storage-tls-api');" title="Thread Local Storage (TLS) API"> Thread Local Storage (TLS) API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html');" title="Python Initialization Configuration"> Python Initialization Configuration </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#pywidestringlist');" title="PyWideStringList"> PyWideStringList </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#pystatus');" title="PyStatus"> PyStatus </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#pypreconfig');" title="PyPreConfig"> PyPreConfig </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#preinitialization-with-pypreconfig');" title="Preinitialization with PyPreConfig"> Preinitialization with PyPreConfig </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#pyconfig');" title="PyConfig"> PyConfig </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#initialization-with-pyconfig');" title="Initialization with PyConfig"> Initialization with PyConfig </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#isolated-configuration');" title="Isolated Configuration"> Isolated Configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#python-configuration');" title="Python Configuration"> Python Configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#path-configuration');" title="Path Configuration"> Path Configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#py-runmain');" title="Py_RunMain()"> Py_RunMain() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-init_config.html#multi-phase-initialization-private-provisional-api');" title="Multi-Phase Initialization Private Provisional API"> Multi-Phase Initialization Private Provisional API </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html');" title="Memory Management"> Memory Management </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#overview');" title="Overview"> Overview </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#raw-memory-interface');" title="Raw Memory Interface"> Raw Memory Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#memory-interface');" title="Memory Interface"> Memory Interface </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#object-allocators');" title="Object allocators"> Object allocators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#default-memory-allocators');" title="Default Memory Allocators"> Default Memory Allocators </a> </li> 
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#customize-memory-allocators');" title="Customize Memory Allocators"> Customize Memory Allocators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#the-pymalloc-allocator');" title="The pymalloc allocator"> The pymalloc allocator </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#customize-pymalloc-arena-allocator');" title="Customize pymalloc Arena Allocator"> Customize pymalloc Arena Allocator </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#tracemalloc-c-api');" title="tracemalloc C API"> tracemalloc C API </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-memory.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-objimpl.html');" title="Object Implementation Support"> Object Implementation Support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-allocation.html');" title="Allocating Objects on the Heap"> Allocating Objects on the Heap </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-structures.html');" title="Common Object Structures"> Common Object Structures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html');" title="Type Objects"> Type Objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#quick-reference');" title="Quick Reference"> Quick Reference </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#tp-slots');" title="“tp slots”"> “tp slots” </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#sub-slots');" title="sub-slots"> sub-slots </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#slot-typedefs');" title="slot typedefs"> slot typedefs </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#pytypeobject-definition');" title="PyTypeObject Definition"> PyTypeObject Definition </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#pyobject-slots');" title="PyObject Slots"> PyObject Slots </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#pyvarobject-slots');" title="PyVarObject Slots"> PyVarObject Slots </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#pytypeobject-slots');" title="PyTypeObject Slots"> PyTypeObject Slots </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#heap-types');" title="Heap Types"> Heap Types </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#number-object-structures');" title="Number Object Structures"> Number Object Structures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#mapping-object-structures');" title="Mapping Object Structures"> Mapping Object Structures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#sequence-object-structures');" title="Sequence Object Structures"> Sequence Object Structures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#buffer-object-structures');" title="Buffer Object Structures"> Buffer Object Structures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#async-object-structures');" title="Async Object Structures"> Async Object Structures </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#slot-type-typedefs');" title="Slot Type typedefs"> Slot Type typedefs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-typeobj.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-gcsupport.html');" title="Supporting Cyclic Garbage Collection"> Supporting Cyclic Garbage Collection </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-apiabiversion.html');" title="API and ABI Versioning"> API and ABI Versioning </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html');" title="Distributing Python Modules"> Distributing Python Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html#key-terms');" title="Key terms"> Key terms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html#open-source-licensing-and-collaboration');" title="Open source licensing and collaboration"> Open source licensing and collaboration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html#installing-the-tools');" title="Installing the tools"> Installing the tools </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html#reading-the-python-packaging-user-guide');" title="Reading the Python Packaging User Guide"> Reading the Python Packaging User Guide </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html#how-do-i');" title="How do I…?"> How do I…? </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html#choose-a-name-for-my-project');" title="… choose a name for my project?"> … choose a name for my project? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html#create-and-distribute-binary-extensions');" title="… create and distribute binary extensions?"> … create and distribute binary extensions? </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html');" title="Installing Python Modules"> Installing Python Modules </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#key-terms');" title="Key terms"> Key terms </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#basic-usage');" title="Basic usage"> Basic usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#how-do-i');" title="How do I …?"> How do I …? </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#install-pip-in-versions-of-python-prior-to-python-3-4');" title="… install pip in versions of Python prior to Python 3.4?"> … install pip in versions of Python prior to Python 3.4? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#install-packages-just-for-the-current-user');" title="… install packages just for the current user?"> … install packages just for the current user? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#install-scientific-python-packages');" title="… install scientific Python packages?"> … install scientific Python packages? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#work-with-multiple-versions-of-python-installed-in-parallel');" title="… work with multiple versions of Python installed in parallel?"> … work with multiple versions of Python installed in parallel? </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#common-installation-issues');" title="Common installation issues"> Common installation issues </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#installing-into-the-system-python-on-linux');" title="Installing into the system Python on Linux"> Installing into the system Python on Linux </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#pip-not-installed');" title="Pip not installed"> Pip not installed </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html#installing-binary-extensions');" title="Installing binary extensions"> Installing binary extensions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-index.html');" title="Python HOWTOs"> Python HOWTOs </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html');" title="Porting Python 2 Code to Python 3"> Porting Python 2 Code to Python 3 </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#the-short-explanation');" title="The Short Explanation"> The Short Explanation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#details');" title="Details"> Details </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#drop-support-for-python-2-6-and-older');" title="Drop support for Python 2.6 and older"> Drop support for Python 2.6 and older </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#make-sure-you-specify-the-proper-version-support-in-your-setup-py-file');" title="Make sure you specify the proper version support in your setup.py file"> Make sure you specify the proper version support in your setup.py file </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#have-good-test-coverage');" title="Have good test coverage"> Have good test coverage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#learn-the-differences-between-python-2-3');" title="Learn the differences between Python 2 &amp; 3"> Learn the differences between Python 2 &amp; 3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#update-your-code');" title="Update your code"> Update your code </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#division');" title="Division"> Division </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#text-versus-binary-data');" title="Text versus binary data"> Text versus binary data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#use-feature-detection-instead-of-version-detection');" title="Use feature detection instead of version detection"> Use feature detection instead of version detection </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#prevent-compatibility-regressions');" title="Prevent compatibility regressions"> Prevent compatibility regressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#check-which-dependencies-block-your-transition');" title="Check which dependencies block your transition"> Check which dependencies block your transition </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#update-your-setup-py-file-to-denote-python-3-compatibility');" title="Update your setup.py file to denote Python 3 compatibility"> Update your setup.py file to denote Python 3 compatibility </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#use-continuous-integration-to-stay-compatible');" title="Use continuous integration to stay compatible"> Use continuous integration to stay compatible </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-pyporting.html#consider-using-optional-static-type-checking');" title="Consider using optional static type checking"> Consider using optional static type checking </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-cporting.html');" title="Porting Extension Modules to Python 3"> Porting Extension Modules to Python 3 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html');" title="Curses Programming with Python"> Curses Programming with Python </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html#what-is-curses');" title="What is curses?"> What is curses? </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html#the-python-curses-module');" title="The Python curses module"> The Python curses module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html#starting-and-ending-a-curses-application');" title="Starting and ending a curses application"> Starting and ending a curses application </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html#windows-and-pads');" title="Windows and Pads"> Windows and Pads </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html#displaying-text');" title="Displaying Text"> Displaying Text </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html#attributes-and-color');" title="Attributes and Color"> Attributes and Color </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html#user-input');" title="User Input"> User Input </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-curses.html#for-more-information');" title="For More Information"> For More Information </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html');" title="Descriptor HowTo Guide"> Descriptor HowTo Guide </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html#abstract');" title="Abstract"> Abstract </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html#definition-and-introduction');" title="Definition and Introduction"> Definition and Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html#descriptor-protocol');" title="Descriptor Protocol"> Descriptor Protocol </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html#invoking-descriptors');" title="Invoking Descriptors"> Invoking Descriptors </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html#descriptor-example');" title="Descriptor Example"> Descriptor Example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html#properties');" title="Properties"> Properties </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html#functions-and-methods');" title="Functions and Methods"> Functions and Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-descriptor.html#static-methods-and-class-methods');" title="Static Methods and Class Methods"> Static Methods and Class Methods </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html');" title="Functional Programming HOWTO"> Functional Programming HOWTO </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#formal-provability');" title="Formal provability"> Formal provability </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#modularity');" title="Modularity"> Modularity </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#ease-of-debugging-and-testing');" title="Ease of debugging and testing"> Ease of debugging and testing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#composability');" title="Composability"> Composability </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#iterators');" title="Iterators"> Iterators </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#data-types-that-support-iterators');" title="Data Types That Support Iterators"> Data Types That Support Iterators </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#generator-expressions-and-list-comprehensions');" title="Generator expressions and list comprehensions"> Generator expressions and list comprehensions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#generators');" title="Generators"> Generators </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#passing-values-into-a-generator');" title="Passing values into a generator"> Passing values into a generator </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#built-in-functions');" title="Built-in functions"> Built-in functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#the-itertools-module');" title="The itertools module"> The itertools module </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#creating-new-iterators');" title="Creating new iterators"> Creating new iterators </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#calling-functions-on-elements');" title="Calling functions on elements"> Calling functions on elements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#selecting-elements');" title="Selecting elements"> Selecting elements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#combinatoric-functions');" title="Combinatoric functions"> Combinatoric functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#grouping-elements');" title="Grouping elements"> Grouping elements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#the-functools-module');" title="The functools module"> The functools module </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#the-operator-module');" title="The operator module"> The operator module </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#small-functions-and-the-lambda-expression');" title="Small functions and the lambda expression"> Small functions and the lambda expression </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#revision-history-and-acknowledgements');" title="Revision History and Acknowledgements"> Revision History and Acknowledgements </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#references');" title="References"> References </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#general');" title="General"> General </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#python-specific');" title="Python-specific"> Python-specific </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-functional.html#python-documentation');" title="Python documentation"> Python documentation </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html');" title="Logging HOWTO"> Logging HOWTO </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#basic-logging-tutorial');" title="Basic Logging Tutorial"> Basic Logging Tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#when-to-use-logging');" title="When to use logging"> When to use logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#a-simple-example');" title="A simple example"> A simple example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#logging-to-a-file');" title="Logging to a file"> Logging to a file </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#logging-from-multiple-modules');" title="Logging from multiple modules"> Logging from multiple modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#logging-variable-data');" title="Logging variable data"> Logging variable data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#changing-the-format-of-displayed-messages');" title="Changing the format of displayed messages"> Changing the format of displayed messages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#displaying-the-date-time-in-messages');" title="Displaying the date/time in messages"> Displaying the date/time in messages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#next-steps');" title="Next Steps"> Next Steps </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#advanced-logging-tutorial');" title="Advanced Logging Tutorial"> Advanced Logging Tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#logging-flow');" title="Logging Flow"> Logging Flow </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#loggers');" title="Loggers"> Loggers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#handlers');" title="Handlers"> Handlers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#formatters');" title="Formatters"> Formatters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#configuring-logging');" title="Configuring Logging"> Configuring Logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#what-happens-if-no-configuration-is-provided');" title="What happens if no configuration is provided"> What happens if no configuration is provided </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#configuring-logging-for-a-library');" title="Configuring Logging for a Library"> Configuring Logging for a Library </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#logging-levels');" title="Logging Levels"> Logging Levels </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#custom-levels');" title="Custom Levels"> Custom Levels </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#useful-handlers');" title="Useful Handlers"> Useful Handlers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#exceptions-raised-during-logging');" title="Exceptions raised during logging"> Exceptions raised during logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#using-arbitrary-objects-as-messages');" title="Using arbitrary objects as messages"> Using arbitrary objects as messages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging.html#optimization');" title="Optimization"> Optimization </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html');" title="Logging Cookbook"> Logging Cookbook </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-logging-in-multiple-modules');" title="Using logging in multiple modules"> Using logging in multiple modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#logging-from-multiple-threads');" title="Logging from multiple threads"> Logging from multiple threads </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#multiple-handlers-and-formatters');" title="Multiple handlers and formatters"> Multiple handlers and formatters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#logging-to-multiple-destinations');" title="Logging to multiple destinations"> Logging to multiple destinations </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#configuration-server-example');" title="Configuration server example"> Configuration server example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#dealing-with-handlers-that-block');" title="Dealing with handlers that block"> Dealing with handlers that block </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#sending-and-receiving-logging-events-across-a-network');" title="Sending and receiving logging events across a network"> Sending and receiving logging events across a network </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#adding-contextual-information-to-your-logging-output');" title="Adding contextual information to your logging output"> Adding contextual information to your logging output </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-loggeradapters-to-impart-contextual-information');" title="Using LoggerAdapters to impart contextual information"> Using LoggerAdapters to impart contextual information </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-objects-other-than-dicts-to-pass-contextual-information');" title="Using objects other than dicts to pass contextual information"> Using objects other than dicts to pass contextual information </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-filters-to-impart-contextual-information');" title="Using Filters to impart contextual information"> Using Filters to impart contextual information </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#logging-to-a-single-file-from-multiple-processes');" title="Logging to a single file from multiple processes"> Logging to a single file from multiple processes </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-concurrent-futures-processpoolexecutor');" title="Using concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor"> Using concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-file-rotation');" title="Using file rotation"> Using file rotation </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#use-of-alternative-formatting-styles');" title="Use of alternative formatting styles"> Use of alternative formatting styles </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#customizing-logrecord');" title="Customizing LogRecord"> Customizing LogRecord </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#subclassing-queuehandler-a-zeromq-example');" title="Subclassing QueueHandler - a ZeroMQ example"> Subclassing QueueHandler - a ZeroMQ example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#subclassing-queuelistener-a-zeromq-example');" title="Subclassing QueueListener - a ZeroMQ example"> Subclassing QueueListener - a ZeroMQ example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#an-example-dictionary-based-configuration');" title="An example dictionary-based configuration"> An example dictionary-based configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-a-rotator-and-namer-to-customize-log-rotation-processing');" title="Using a rotator and namer to customize log rotation processing"> Using a rotator and namer to customize log rotation processing </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#a-more-elaborate-multiprocessing-example');" title="A more elaborate multiprocessing example"> A more elaborate multiprocessing example </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#inserting-a-bom-into-messages-sent-to-a-sysloghandler');" title="Inserting a BOM into messages sent to a SysLogHandler"> Inserting a BOM into messages sent to a SysLogHandler </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#implementing-structured-logging');" title="Implementing structured logging"> Implementing structured logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#customizing-handlers-with-dictconfig');" title="Customizing handlers with dictConfig()"> Customizing handlers with dictConfig() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-particular-formatting-styles-throughout-your-application');" title="Using particular formatting styles throughout your application"> Using particular formatting styles throughout your application </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-logrecord-factories');" title="Using LogRecord factories"> Using LogRecord factories </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-custom-message-objects');" title="Using custom message objects"> Using custom message objects </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#configuring-filters-with-dictconfig');" title="Configuring filters with dictConfig()"> Configuring filters with dictConfig() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#customized-exception-formatting');" title="Customized exception formatting"> Customized exception formatting </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#speaking-logging-messages');" title="Speaking logging messages"> Speaking logging messages </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#buffering-logging-messages-and-outputting-them-conditionally');" title="Buffering logging messages and outputting them conditionally"> Buffering logging messages and outputting them conditionally </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#formatting-times-using-utc-gmt-via-configuration');" title="Formatting times using UTC (GMT) via configuration"> Formatting times using UTC (GMT) via configuration </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#using-a-context-manager-for-selective-logging');" title="Using a context manager for selective logging"> Using a context manager for selective logging </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#a-cli-application-starter-template');" title="A CLI application starter template"> A CLI application starter template </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-logging-cookbook.html#a-qt-gui-for-logging');" title="A Qt GUI for logging"> A Qt GUI for logging </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html');" title="Regular Expression HOWTO"> Regular Expression HOWTO </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#simple-patterns');" title="Simple Patterns"> Simple Patterns </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#matching-characters');" title="Matching Characters"> Matching Characters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#repeating-things');" title="Repeating Things"> Repeating Things </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#using-regular-expressions');" title="Using Regular Expressions"> Using Regular Expressions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#compiling-regular-expressions');" title="Compiling Regular Expressions"> Compiling Regular Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#the-backslash-plague');" title="The Backslash Plague"> The Backslash Plague </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#performing-matches');" title="Performing Matches"> Performing Matches </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#module-level-functions');" title="Module-Level Functions"> Module-Level Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#compilation-flags');" title="Compilation Flags"> Compilation Flags </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#more-pattern-power');" title="More Pattern Power"> More Pattern Power </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#more-metacharacters');" title="More Metacharacters"> More Metacharacters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#grouping');" title="Grouping"> Grouping </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#non-capturing-and-named-groups');" title="Non-capturing and Named Groups"> Non-capturing and Named Groups </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#lookahead-assertions');" title="Lookahead Assertions"> Lookahead Assertions </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#modifying-strings');" title="Modifying Strings"> Modifying Strings </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#splitting-strings');" title="Splitting Strings"> Splitting Strings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#search-and-replace');" title="Search and Replace"> Search and Replace </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#common-problems');" title="Common Problems"> Common Problems </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#use-string-methods');" title="Use String Methods"> Use String Methods </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#match-versus-search');" title="match() versus search()"> match() versus search() </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#greedy-versus-non-greedy');" title="Greedy versus Non-Greedy"> Greedy versus Non-Greedy </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#using-re-verbose');" title="Using re.VERBOSE"> Using re.VERBOSE </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-regex.html#feedback');" title="Feedback"> Feedback </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html');" title="Socket Programming HOWTO"> Socket Programming HOWTO </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#sockets');" title="Sockets"> Sockets </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#history');" title="History"> History </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#creating-a-socket');" title="Creating a Socket"> Creating a Socket </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#ipc');" title="IPC"> IPC </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#using-a-socket');" title="Using a Socket"> Using a Socket </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#binary-data');" title="Binary Data"> Binary Data </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#disconnecting');" title="Disconnecting"> Disconnecting </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#when-sockets-die');" title="When Sockets Die"> When Sockets Die </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sockets.html#non-blocking-sockets');" title="Non-blocking Sockets"> Non-blocking Sockets </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html');" title="Sorting HOW TO"> Sorting HOW TO </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html#sorting-basics');" title="Sorting Basics"> Sorting Basics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html#key-functions');" title="Key Functions"> Key Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html#operator-module-functions');" title="Operator Module Functions"> Operator Module Functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html#ascending-and-descending');" title="Ascending and Descending"> Ascending and Descending </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html#sort-stability-and-complex-sorts');" title="Sort Stability and Complex Sorts"> Sort Stability and Complex Sorts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html#the-old-way-using-decorate-sort-undecorate');" title="The Old Way Using Decorate-Sort-Undecorate"> The Old Way Using Decorate-Sort-Undecorate </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html#the-old-way-using-the-cmp-parameter');" title="The Old Way Using the cmp Parameter"> The Old Way Using the cmp Parameter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-sorting.html#odd-and-ends');" title="Odd and Ends"> Odd and Ends </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html');" title="Unicode HOWTO"> Unicode HOWTO </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#introduction-to-unicode');" title="Introduction to Unicode"> Introduction to Unicode </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#definitions');" title="Definitions"> Definitions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#encodings');" title="Encodings"> Encodings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#references');" title="References"> References </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#python-s-unicode-support');" title="Python’s Unicode Support"> Python’s Unicode Support </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#the-string-type');" title="The String Type"> The String Type </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#converting-to-bytes');" title="Converting to Bytes"> Converting to Bytes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#unicode-literals-in-python-source-code');" title="Unicode Literals in Python Source Code"> Unicode Literals in Python Source Code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#unicode-properties');" title="Unicode Properties"> Unicode Properties </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#comparing-strings');" title="Comparing Strings"> Comparing Strings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#unicode-regular-expressions');" title="Unicode Regular Expressions"> Unicode Regular Expressions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#id2');" title="References"> References </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#reading-and-writing-unicode-data');" title="Reading and Writing Unicode Data"> Reading and Writing Unicode Data </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#unicode-filenames');" title="Unicode filenames"> Unicode filenames </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#tips-for-writing-unicode-aware-programs');" title="Tips for Writing Unicode-aware Programs"> Tips for Writing Unicode-aware Programs </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#converting-between-file-encodings');" title="Converting Between File Encodings"> Converting Between File Encodings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#files-in-an-unknown-encoding');" title="Files in an Unknown Encoding"> Files in an Unknown Encoding </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#id3');" title="References"> References </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-unicode.html#acknowledgements');" title="Acknowledgements"> Acknowledgements </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html');" title="HOWTO Fetch Internet Resources Using The urllib Package"> HOWTO Fetch Internet Resources Using The urllib Package </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#introduction');" title="Introduction"> Introduction </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#fetching-urls');" title="Fetching URLs"> Fetching URLs </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#data');" title="Data"> Data </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#headers');" title="Headers"> Headers </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#handling-exceptions');" title="Handling Exceptions"> Handling Exceptions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#urlerror');" title="URLError"> URLError </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#httperror');" title="HTTPError"> HTTPError </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#error-codes');" title="Error Codes"> Error Codes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#wrapping-it-up');" title="Wrapping it Up"> Wrapping it Up </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#number-1');" title="Number 1"> Number 1 </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#number-2');" title="Number 2"> Number 2 </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#info-and-geturl');" title="info and geturl"> info and geturl </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#openers-and-handlers');" title="Openers and Handlers"> Openers and Handlers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#id5');" title="Basic Authentication"> Basic Authentication </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#proxies');" title="Proxies"> Proxies </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#sockets-and-layers');" title="Sockets and Layers"> Sockets and Layers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-urllib2.html#footnotes');" title="Footnotes"> Footnotes </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html');" title="Argparse Tutorial"> Argparse Tutorial </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#concepts');" title="Concepts"> Concepts </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#the-basics');" title="The basics"> The basics </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#introducing-positional-arguments');" title="Introducing Positional arguments"> Introducing Positional arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#introducing-optional-arguments');" title="Introducing Optional arguments"> Introducing Optional arguments </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#short-options');" title="Short options"> Short options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#combining-positional-and-optional-arguments');" title="Combining Positional and Optional arguments"> Combining Positional and Optional arguments </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#getting-a-little-more-advanced');" title="Getting a little more advanced"> Getting a little more advanced </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#conflicting-options');" title="Conflicting options"> Conflicting options </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-argparse.html#conclusion');" title="Conclusion"> Conclusion </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html');" title="An introduction to the ipaddress module"> An introduction to the ipaddress module </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#creating-address-network-interface-objects');" title="Creating Address/Network/Interface objects"> Creating Address/Network/Interface objects </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#a-note-on-ip-versions');" title="A Note on IP Versions"> A Note on IP Versions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#ip-host-addresses');" title="IP Host Addresses"> IP Host Addresses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#defining-networks');" title="Defining Networks"> Defining Networks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#host-interfaces');" title="Host Interfaces"> Host Interfaces </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#inspecting-address-network-interface-objects');" title="Inspecting Address/Network/Interface Objects"> Inspecting Address/Network/Interface Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#networks-as-lists-of-addresses');" title="Networks as lists of Addresses"> Networks as lists of Addresses </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#comparisons');" title="Comparisons"> Comparisons </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#using-ip-addresses-with-other-modules');" title="Using IP Addresses with other modules"> Using IP Addresses with other modules </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-ipaddress.html#getting-more-detail-when-instance-creation-fails');" title="Getting more detail when instance creation fails"> Getting more detail when instance creation fails </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html');" title="Argument Clinic How-To"> Argument Clinic How-To </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#the-goals-of-argument-clinic');" title="The Goals Of Argument Clinic"> The Goals Of Argument Clinic </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#basic-concepts-and-usage');" title="Basic Concepts And Usage"> Basic Concepts And Usage </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#converting-your-first-function');" title="Converting Your First Function"> Converting Your First Function </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#advanced-topics');" title="Advanced Topics"> Advanced Topics </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#symbolic-default-values');" title="Symbolic default values"> Symbolic default values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#renaming-the-c-functions-and-variables-generated-by-argument-clinic');" title="Renaming the C functions and variables generated by Argument Clinic"> Renaming the C functions and variables generated by Argument Clinic </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#converting-functions-using-pyarg-unpacktuple');" title="Converting functions using PyArg_UnpackTuple"> Converting functions using PyArg_UnpackTuple </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#optional-groups');" title="Optional Groups"> Optional Groups </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#using-real-argument-clinic-converters-instead-of-legacy-converters');" title="Using real Argument Clinic converters, instead of “legacy converters”"> Using real Argument Clinic converters, instead of “legacy converters” </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#py-buffer');" title="Py_buffer"> Py_buffer </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#advanced-converters');" title="Advanced converters"> Advanced converters </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#parameter-default-values');" title="Parameter default values"> Parameter default values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#the-null-default-value');" title="The NULL default value"> The NULL default value </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#expressions-specified-as-default-values');" title="Expressions specified as default values"> Expressions specified as default values </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#using-a-return-converter');" title="Using a return converter"> Using a return converter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#cloning-existing-functions');" title="Cloning existing functions"> Cloning existing functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#calling-python-code');" title="Calling Python code"> Calling Python code </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#using-a-self-converter');" title="Using a “self converter”"> Using a “self converter” </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#writing-a-custom-converter');" title="Writing a custom converter"> Writing a custom converter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#writing-a-custom-return-converter');" title="Writing a custom return converter"> Writing a custom return converter </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#meth-o-and-meth-noargs');" title="METH_O and METH_NOARGS"> METH_O and METH_NOARGS </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#tp-new-and-tp-init-functions');" title="tp_new and tp_init functions"> tp_new and tp_init functions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#changing-and-redirecting-clinic-s-output');" title="Changing and redirecting Clinic’s output"> Changing and redirecting Clinic’s output </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#the-ifdef-trick');" title="The #ifdef trick"> The #ifdef trick </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-clinic.html#using-argument-clinic-in-python-files');" title="Using Argument Clinic in Python files"> Using Argument Clinic in Python files </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-instrumentation.html');" title="Instrumenting CPython with DTrace and SystemTap"> Instrumenting CPython with DTrace and SystemTap </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-instrumentation.html#enabling-the-static-markers');" title="Enabling the static markers"> Enabling the static markers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-instrumentation.html#static-dtrace-probes');" title="Static DTrace probes"> Static DTrace probes </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-instrumentation.html#static-systemtap-markers');" title="Static SystemTap markers"> Static SystemTap markers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-instrumentation.html#available-static-markers');" title="Available static markers"> Available static markers </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-instrumentation.html#systemtap-tapsets');" title="SystemTap Tapsets"> SystemTap Tapsets </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-instrumentation.html#examples');" title="Examples"> Examples </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-index.html');" title="Python Frequently Asked Questions"> Python Frequently Asked Questions </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-general.html');" title="General Python FAQ"> General Python FAQ </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-general.html#general-information');" title="General Information"> General Information </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-general.html#python-in-the-real-world');" title="Python in the real world"> Python in the real world </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-programming.html');" title="Programming FAQ"> Programming FAQ </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-programming.html#general-questions');" title="General Questions"> General Questions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-programming.html#core-language');" title="Core Language"> Core Language </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-programming.html#numbers-and-strings');" title="Numbers and strings"> Numbers and strings </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-programming.html#performance');" title="Performance"> Performance </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-programming.html#sequences-tuples-lists');" title="Sequences (Tuples/Lists)"> Sequences (Tuples/Lists) </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-programming.html#objects');" title="Objects"> Objects </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-programming.html#modules');" title="Modules"> Modules </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html');" title="Design and History FAQ"> Design and History FAQ </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-does-python-use-indentation-for-grouping-of-statements');" title="Why does Python use indentation for grouping of statements?"> Why does Python use indentation for grouping of statements? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-am-i-getting-strange-results-with-simple-arithmetic-operations');" title="Why am I getting strange results with simple arithmetic operations?"> Why am I getting strange results with simple arithmetic operations? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-are-floating-point-calculations-so-inaccurate');" title="Why are floating-point calculations so inaccurate?"> Why are floating-point calculations so inaccurate? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-are-python-strings-immutable');" title="Why are Python strings immutable?"> Why are Python strings immutable? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-must-self-be-used-explicitly-in-method-definitions-and-calls');" title="Why must ‘self’ be used explicitly in method definitions and calls?"> Why must ‘self’ be used explicitly in method definitions and calls? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-can-t-i-use-an-assignment-in-an-expression');" title="Why can’t I use an assignment in an expression?"> Why can’t I use an assignment in an expression? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-does-python-use-methods-for-some-functionality-e-g-list-index-but-functions-for-other-e-g-len-list');" title="Why does Python use methods for some functionality (e.g. list.index()) but functions for other (e.g. len(list))?"> Why does Python use methods for some functionality (e.g. list.index()) but functions for other (e.g. len(list))? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-is-join-a-string-method-instead-of-a-list-or-tuple-method');" title="Why is join() a string method instead of a list or tuple method?"> Why is join() a string method instead of a list or tuple method? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#how-fast-are-exceptions');" title="How fast are exceptions?"> How fast are exceptions? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-isn-t-there-a-switch-or-case-statement-in-python');" title="Why isn’t there a switch or case statement in Python?"> Why isn’t there a switch or case statement in Python? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#can-t-you-emulate-threads-in-the-interpreter-instead-of-relying-on-an-os-specific-thread-implementation');" title="Can’t you emulate threads in the interpreter instead of relying on an OS-specific thread implementation?"> Can’t you emulate threads in the interpreter instead of relying on an OS-specific thread implementation? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-can-t-lambda-expressions-contain-statements');" title="Why can’t lambda expressions contain statements?"> Why can’t lambda expressions contain statements? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#can-python-be-compiled-to-machine-code-c-or-some-other-language');" title="Can Python be compiled to machine code, C or some other language?"> Can Python be compiled to machine code, C or some other language? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#how-does-python-manage-memory');" title="How does Python manage memory?"> How does Python manage memory? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-doesn-t-cpython-use-a-more-traditional-garbage-collection-scheme');" title="Why doesn’t CPython use a more traditional garbage collection scheme?"> Why doesn’t CPython use a more traditional garbage collection scheme? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-isn-t-all-memory-freed-when-cpython-exits');" title="Why isn’t all memory freed when CPython exits?"> Why isn’t all memory freed when CPython exits? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-are-there-separate-tuple-and-list-data-types');" title="Why are there separate tuple and list data types?"> Why are there separate tuple and list data types? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#how-are-lists-implemented-in-cpython');" title="How are lists implemented in CPython?"> How are lists implemented in CPython? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#how-are-dictionaries-implemented-in-cpython');" title="How are dictionaries implemented in CPython?"> How are dictionaries implemented in CPython? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-must-dictionary-keys-be-immutable');" title="Why must dictionary keys be immutable?"> Why must dictionary keys be immutable? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-doesn-t-list-sort-return-the-sorted-list');" title="Why doesn’t list.sort() return the sorted list?"> Why doesn’t list.sort() return the sorted list? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#how-do-you-specify-and-enforce-an-interface-spec-in-python');" title="How do you specify and enforce an interface spec in Python?"> How do you specify and enforce an interface spec in Python? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-is-there-no-goto');" title="Why is there no goto?"> Why is there no goto? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-can-t-raw-strings-r-strings-end-with-a-backslash');" title="Why can’t raw strings (r-strings) end with a backslash?"> Why can’t raw strings (r-strings) end with a backslash? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-doesn-t-python-have-a-with-statement-for-attribute-assignments');" title="Why doesn’t Python have a “with” statement for attribute assignments?"> Why doesn’t Python have a “with” statement for attribute assignments? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-are-colons-required-for-the-if-while-def-class-statements');" title="Why are colons required for the if/while/def/class statements?"> Why are colons required for the if/while/def/class statements? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-design.html#why-does-python-allow-commas-at-the-end-of-lists-and-tuples');" title="Why does Python allow commas at the end of lists and tuples?"> Why does Python allow commas at the end of lists and tuples? </a> </li>
</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-library.html');" title="Library and Extension FAQ"> Library and Extension FAQ </a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-library.html#general-library-questions');" title="General Library Questions"> General Library Questions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-library.html#common-tasks');" title="Common tasks"> Common tasks </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-library.html#threads');" title="Threads"> Threads </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-library.html#input-and-output');" title="Input and Output"> Input and Output </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-library.html#network-internet-programming');" title="Network/Internet Programming"> Network/Internet Programming </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-library.html#databases');" title="Databases"> Databases </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-library.html#mathematics-and-numerics');" title="Mathematics and Numerics"> Mathematics and Numerics </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#how-do-i-use-py-buildvalue-to-create-a-tuple-of-arbitrary-length');" title="How do I use Py_BuildValue() to create a tuple of arbitrary length?"> How do I use Py_BuildValue() to create a tuple of arbitrary length? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#how-do-i-call-an-object-s-method-from-c');" title="How do I call an object’s method from C?"> How do I call an object’s method from C? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#how-do-i-catch-the-output-from-pyerr-print-or-anything-that-prints-to-stdout-stderr');" title="How do I catch the output from PyErr_Print() (or anything that prints to stdout/stderr)?"> How do I catch the output from PyErr_Print() (or anything that prints to stdout/stderr)? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#how-do-i-access-a-module-written-in-python-from-c');" title="How do I access a module written in Python from C?"> How do I access a module written in Python from C? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#how-do-i-interface-to-c-objects-from-python');" title="How do I interface to C++ objects from Python?"> How do I interface to C++ objects from Python? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#i-added-a-module-using-the-setup-file-and-the-make-fails-why');" title="I added a module using the Setup file and the make fails; why?"> I added a module using the Setup file and the make fails; why? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#how-do-i-debug-an-extension');" title="How do I debug an extension?"> How do I debug an extension? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#i-want-to-compile-a-python-module-on-my-linux-system-but-some-files-are-missing-why');" title="I want to compile a Python module on my Linux system, but some files are missing. Why?"> I want to compile a Python module on my Linux system, but some files are missing. Why? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#how-do-i-tell-incomplete-input-from-invalid-input');" title="How do I tell “incomplete input” from “invalid input”?"> How do I tell “incomplete input” from “invalid input”? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#how-do-i-find-undefined-g-symbols-builtin-new-or-pure-virtual');" title="How do I find undefined g++ symbols __builtin_new or __pure_virtual?"> How do I find undefined g++ symbols __builtin_new or __pure_virtual? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-extending.html#can-i-create-an-object-class-with-some-methods-implemented-in-c-and-others-in-python-e-g-through-inheritance');" title="Can I create an object class with some methods implemented in C and others in Python (e.g. through inheritance)?"> Can I create an object class with some methods implemented in C and others in Python (e.g. through inheritance)? </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-gui.html#general-gui-questions');" title="General GUI Questions"> General GUI Questions </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-gui.html#what-platform-independent-gui-toolkits-exist-for-python');" title="What platform-independent GUI toolkits exist for Python?"> What platform-independent GUI toolkits exist for Python? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-gui.html#what-platform-specific-gui-toolkits-exist-for-python');" title="What platform-specific GUI toolkits exist for Python?"> What platform-specific GUI toolkits exist for Python? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-gui.html#tkinter-questions');" title="Tkinter questions"> Tkinter questions </a> </li>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-installed.html');" title="“Why is Python Installed on my Computer?” FAQ"> “Why is Python Installed on my Computer?” FAQ </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-installed.html#why-is-python-installed-on-my-machine');" title="Why is Python installed on my machine?"> Why is Python installed on my machine? </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-installed.html#can-i-delete-python');" title="Can I delete Python?"> Can I delete Python? </a> </li>
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</ul> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/glossary.html');" title="Glossary"> Glossary </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/about.html');" title="About these documents"> About these documents </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/bugs.html');" title="Dealing with Bugs"> Dealing with Bugs </a>
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<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/bugs.html#documentation-bugs');" title="Documentation bugs"> Documentation bugs </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/bugs.html#using-the-python-issue-tracker');" title="Using the Python issue tracker"> Using the Python issue tracker </a> </li>
<li class="chapter"> <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/bugs.html#getting-started-contributing-to-python-yourself');" title="Getting started contributing to Python yourself"> Getting started contributing to Python yourself </a> </li>
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<h1>Python 3.8.5 documentation</h1>
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<div><p> Welcome! This is the documentation for Python 3.8.5. </p>
<p><strong>Parts of the documentation:</strong></p>
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<td width="50%"> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-3.8.html');">What's new in Python 3.8?</a><br> <span class="linkdescr"> or <a href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/whatsnew-index.html');">all "What's new" documents</a> since 2.0</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/tutorial-index.html');">Tutorial</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">start here</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/library-index.html');">Library Reference</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">keep this under your pillow</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/reference-index.html');">Language Reference</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">describes syntax and language elements</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/using-index.html');">Python Setup and Usage</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">how to use Python on different platforms</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/howto-index.html');">Python HOWTOs</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">in-depth documents on specific topics</span></p> </td>
<td width="50%"> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/installing-index.html');">Installing Python Modules</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">installing from the Python Package Index &amp; other sources</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/distributing-index.html');">Distributing Python Modules</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">publishing modules for installation by others</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/extending-index.html');">Extending and Embedding</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">tutorial for C/C++ programmers</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/c-api-index.html');">Python/C API</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">reference for C/C++ programmers</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/faq-index.html');">FAQs</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">frequently asked questions (with answers!)</span></p> </td>
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<p><strong>Indices and tables:</strong></p>
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<td width="50%"> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/py-modindex.html');">Global Module Index</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">quick access to all modules</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/genindex.html');">General Index</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">all functions, classes, terms</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/glossary.html');">Glossary</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">the most important terms explained</span></p> </td>
<td width="50%"> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/search.html');">Search page</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">search this documentation</span></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/contents.html');">Complete Table of Contents</a><br> <span class="linkdescr">lists all sections and subsections</span></p> </td>
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<p><strong>Meta information:</strong></p>
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<td width="50%"> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/bugs.html');">Reporting bugs</a></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://devguide.python.org/docquality/#helping-with-documentation');" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Contributing to Docs <i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></a></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/about.html');">About the documentation</a></p> </td>
<td width="50%"> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/license.html');">History and License of Python</a></p> <p class="biglink"><a class="biglink" href="javascript:window.open('https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/en/python/3.7.2rc1/all/copyright.html');">Copyright</a></p> </td>
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